Types Of Sigma Delta Modulators

Noise Shaping Filter or Integrator: The noise shaping filter or integrator of a sigma delta converter distributes the converter quantization noise such that it is low in the band of interest.

Thanks again for offering your help with my studies and I hope to hear from you soon. I have until Friday in my paper and am able to work around, so please take your time. If you have any questions of me, please let me know.

At the outset I would like to express my thanks and gratitude to my distinguished professor for her efforts with me and wish her more health and success.

of this dissertation. I'm thankful for my supervisor who I have consulted to, John Cross who has

I wanted to say thank you once again for the past three days of lectures and your willingness to allow me to ask you a wide variety of questions. We have had many incredible professors this year teaching on a wide variety of topics. While I can't pick a favorite, you and Victor Claar have most definitely have stood out to me.

Next, I have to express great thanks for my research supervisor, Dr Ni Luh Nyoman Seri Malini, S.S M.Hum and I Nyoman Tri Ediwan, S.S M.Hum, without their guidance and dedicated

I would like to thank God for the strength he gave me to do this course. It was a challenge but through it all he brought me to the end of twelve weeks of studies. I would like to thank Mr. Veron Johnson for the patience and time he took to impart his knowledge to

I would like to acknowledge Director of Study Dr. Daming Shi, My Second Supervisor: Dr.

We also extend our gratitude to the writers and publishers and of the books from which parts have been included in my report. Lastly, we would like to acknowledge the Almighty God for his guidance and wisdom throughout the process.

Multicarrier transmission, also known as OFDM is a technique with a long history back to 1960that has recently seen rising popularity in wireless and wire line. In the recent interest in this technique is mainly due to the recent advances in digital signal processing technology. The International standards making use of OFDM for high-speed wireless communications are already established or being established by IEEE 802.11, IEEE, 802.16, IEEE 802.20 and ETSIBRAN committees. For wireless applications, an OFDM-based system can be of interest because it provides greater immunity to multipath fading, and impulse noise, in eliminates the need for equalizers, efficient hardware implementation can be realized using FFT techniques.

The aim of this lab is to test the response and characteristics of an undefined filter circuit. This report will present the data collected in the lab sessions, interpret this data and discuss the filter’s suitability for use in an anti-aliasing circuit in an analogue-to-digital converter (ADC).

In this paper, the author suggests an approach of dynamic threshold to increase the probability detection of spectrum sensing. Spectrum sensing using energy detection, matched filter detectors based on fixed threshold and dynamic threshold are simulated using MATLAB. The performance of energy detection, matched filter detector is compared by plotting probability detection versus signal-to-noise ratio graph.

Key words: Double-tail comparator, dynamic clocked comparator, high-speed analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), low-power analog design, inverter op-amp.

up to 8 meters with the interference from the normal indoor lighting devices and provide a date rate of around 48 Mbps within 8MHz bandwidth.

My sincere thanks also goes to the staff of PAC library for allowing me to borrow their journals and books in especially in the field of