Types of Departmentalization Used by Business Organisations in Malaysia.

The functional aspects of the structure can be realized by the group of employees for their business functions, or departmentalized. However, due to its long stretch of acting, Costco also has a divisional structure according to geographical location and the local market.

He is in charge of four departments, each headed up by a senior manager. These departments are distribution, trade marketing, market research, and sales. The sales department, which has 1400 employees, is further divided into urban sales and rural sales, and there are 13 rural sales managers reporting to the head of rural sales. Each sales representative serves a territory that usually consists of both licensed and non-licensed establishments. They supply retailers with product information and storefront displays. They also offer discounts and promotions, where appropriate, in an attempt to win limited retailer shelf space. A partial organization chart is shown in Exhibit A.

Structure is the basis through which an organization seeks to create control the direction of an organization. This is completed through clear definitions of the allocation of work, differentiation, and the coordination of having those responsibilities working together towards the efforts of the organization, integration (Bolman & Deal, 1993, pp). Through these methods, the organization is able to devise a division of labor that collaborates to bring about the missions and goals of an organization. The structure that comes about from this can be varied in their rigidness and flexibility it allows, and to an extent this is a great contribution to its success.

All businesses have organisational structures, even if they are small or big, they have some type of structure so they can operate productively.

This structural form allows for an organization to be divided into various divisions where people with diverse skills are kept together in the form of groups that focus on particular customers or services. Each division has its own finance, health services, human resources and marketing staff. Each division has its own knowledge, abilities, expertise and resources required to function properly and handle tasks on its own. Changes in the environment do not affect the HCO. With a decentralized authority, departments under the divisional form are able to monitor themselves and adjust accordingly, and make faster

Organisations must organise a structure so that their objectives can be achieved. A company will have different departments and procedures with each one having a special function. All of these organised departments and procedures are linked so the company can run efficiently. For many organisation this can be very complex has they will have offices in international countries around the world.

There can be a sales director of the western region and a sales director of the southern region. In product departmentalization, jobs are grouped by the particular products and services they provide. In process departmentalization, jobs that do the same tasks are grouped together. For example, in a sewing plant departments would be separated into sewing, assembling, finishing, and inspection and shipping. In customer departmentalization departments are separated by particular customers' needs. The third design element is chain of command where there is an established understanding of who is the authority figure, who is responsible for what, and if there is a unity of command. The fourth design element is span of control, which is how many people managers can effectively and efficiently manage and control. There is wide span of control where managers have more people reporting to them; then there is narrow span of control where less people are reporting to managers. The fifth design element is centralization vs decentralization. In an organizational structure with centralized decision making, decisions are made at the top

Departmentalization: is an aspect of organizational design that includes the subdivision of a business into units based on their function or other criteria.

Centralization refers to the degree in which the decision-making is centralized. Departmentalization can be classified as functional structures where groups are classed together based on their functional similarity. They also define functional structures to be very efficient with minimal redundancy, and appropriate in stable and predictable environments.

Consumer departmentalization is based on division by customers served. A common example is an organization that has one department to handle retail customers and one department to handle wholesale or industrial customers.

In order for one to evaluate and identify with the diverse business structures, he/she must be aware of the meaning and standards that makes that structure. Various businesses functions in different ways as the world is full of technology and new structures, company cultures and new ways in which companies are run. In order to fully grasp the concepts of Organizational structure and culture in the movies, I will use the Movie Up in the Air and The Devil Wear Prada movies to analyze a business scenario from them.

Organizational structure is the most crucial element for the success of any business. This is because of the way it facilitates and supports the management system of the organization. It is through the structure that specialization and differentiation are attained. For effective management of the employees, different firms employ different structures for the organization that is unique to its operation and the organization culture.

According to Miles et al. (1978, p. 547), an organization is both its purpose and the mechanism constructed to achieve the purpose. It means that the concept of organization is embracing both goals and all the elements that represent unique combination. Miles et al. (1978, p. 553) draws the conclusion that structure and the processes taking place inside the organization are closely aligned; it is hard to speak about one without mentioning the other. It is important to understand the conclusion drawn by Miles et al. (1978). It illustrates how the

Aside from educating a manager through formal training in managing an organization through change, there are many ongoing activities that will increase a manager's awareness and aid them in supporting a more complex organizational structure as it develops. A company's organizational structure is a road map of its communication patterns. A well-designed structure can also make it easier to identify inefficiencies and new problems as the organization grows. Reviewing the organizational structure on a regular basis will help ensure that the organization set up for optimal growth well into

Departments in businesses all partake in important roles, departments such as human resources, accounting and finance, production amongst others remain vital to the company so it can work progressively. However, there are key departments which are desired more than others.