U.s. Gross Domestic Product

Organized labor has lost many jobs to the practice of outsourcing. A large percentage of these jobs are the manufacturing positions that helped

With the implementation of minimum wage and rising production costs in the United States, many companies have found themselves looking for a way to save money on production. Clothing manufacturers such as Nike have used labor forces in other countries, mainly in Asia to produce their products. These countries can offer similar quality labor for a cheaper cost on wages. The lower or non existent minimum wage laws in foreign countries allow companies like Nike to cut production costs drastically, while still being able to produce quality products. Similar trends are starting to creep into software companies. They are finding a workforce able to do similar work as the American workers, but for less pay.

Jobs outsourced to China have subsided American employment opportunities and have helped contribute to wage erosion since 2001(Peralta). Between 2001 to 2013, 3.2 million American jobs were lost and three-quarters of those jobs were in manufacturing (Peralta). When you outsource jobs to different countries because it is cheaper, you are helping destroy your own country and could even be supporting slave and child labor and companies do this because they are greedy and want to make more money even though they could be getting low quality, brand damaging products

The debate over outsourcing in the U.S. is controversial among citizens and economists alike. There are many economists who believe that outsourcing is the next, most logical step in a free market economy (Mankiw & Swage, 2006). These economists believe that the market shifts according to supply and demand. An inherent feature of a free market economy is the free competition of goods and services where the goods and/or services go where the demand is the greatest. According to this view, there is a high demand for labor at a reduced cost and there is an almost endless supply of cheap labor overseas. An example of this would be that a call center attendant would be paid anywhere between twenty and twenty-five thousand dollars a year in compensation whereas the same worker in China would be paid approximately five thousand dollars in compensation per year (Mankiw & Swage, 2006). As anyone can see, there is a large difference between U.S. compensation and overseas compensation. These

American’s now quite overwhelmingly agree that this is not the case. Another secondary argument is that the way the United States has dealt with the Chinese in terms of trade has presented many challenges to American employment. Where the United States once dominated manufacturing, China now leads the world by creating goods for extremely low costs, harnessing innovation in manufacturing technology and orchestrating the theft of intellectual properties. Bonvillian makes a point to mention that innovation in Chinese manufacturing is typically understated in discussions, as most are only concerned with the underpayment of the Chinese workforce. A counterpoint to the belief that a nation has to underpay its workers to succeed in manufacturing is the example of Germany. A large number of German citizens work in manufacturing for high wages, creating more expensive goods. The German’s run a trade surplus with China because of their trade strategies. Another great secondary claim is that the United

With the addition of China into the globalization world, the world supply of labor far exceeds the demand. With several billion new workers in the global supply of labor, companies may shop for labor and relocate to wherever it is the cheapest. Laborers in foreign countries are willing do the same work that a high paid employee would do for less. If American corporations are to compete in the new global economy, they will have to

The last reason of American manufacturing was the produced by specialized machines. America was producing many goods in the ninetieth century which result in

The United States is no longer a leader for manufacturing and China is currently in their ‘Industrial Revolution’ economy. Manufacturing jobs have been exported overseas, that has decline in the leverage to unionize labor (Uchitelle, 2018). The auto industry alone has been drastically hit, with the 2009’s “too big to fail” stimulus package to save the industry.

As mentioned, the U.S. economy has seen a positive shift in the last few years. According to Janet Yellen (the Chairman of the Fed), "the private sector has created 7.8 million jobs since the post-crisis low for employment in 2010." Additionally, housing seems to have turned a corner in which construction, home prices are all up significantly, and as I mentioned earlier, housing was a large sector that was impacted during the Great Recession and the loss was staggering ("The U.S. Economy"). Another area that we are seeing tremendous growth is within the auto industry. The auto industry has made an incredible comeback with domestic production and sales back to near pre Great Recession levels. Our economy today is showing the unemployment levels down from a peak of ten percent, and has reached the point of full employment once again. According to Jared Bernstein of the New York Times, "Last month the national unemployment rate fell from 5.9 to 5.8 percent" thus showing that we are back to full employment according to what I have been taught in class, though I am finding some dispute over what numbers should be considered full employment. Nevertheless, our economy is showing a real growth in helping fellow Americans get back to work. In addition to unemployment decreasing we are also seeing a decrease in inflation. According

As the United States moved further away from the immediate economic boom in the final years of the World War and the following several years, its economy showed a major decline. While the country fought one of the biggest wars of all time, defense spending rose to levels as high as 37.8 percent of U.S. gross domestic product (Teslik). World War II was financed through debts and an increase in taxes, and this negatively effected both consumption and investment. Some believed that the war would improve the economy due to the increase in GDP during those years, but at the end of the war, the economic growth fell back to the same trend it had been following during the 1930 's (Institute for Economics and Peace). During the 1960 's, Federal spending soared because the government was attempting to fund new programs such as Medicare, Food Stamps, and various plans to improve the education system (US Department of State). Then, with the war in Vietnam on the horizon, military spending began increasing as well, and the government started spending a surplus of money, since it had to fund both the war on poverty domestically, and the prepare the nation for another war internationally. The government raised taxes throughout the 1950 's and into the 1960 's with income tax rates reaching the high 80% (Top US Tax Rates Over Time, graph). The government was unable to raise enough revenue through taxes, as they had just spent billions of dollars on the Second World War, and inflation

Their current and future existence hinges on how well they can juggle a double edged knife. Manufactures are bargaining chip between consumers and the government. Consumers expect it now and cheap. While government directs a safe workplace, decent wage, and benefits to allow employee to earn a decent living. No mathematical equation will provide an equal solution for all parties. The demands of the government and consumers impose complications for the manufactures. Thus, manufacture options are extremely limited. The best course of action available to manufactures is relocating part of production overseas. Some have chosen to move the entire company. Toyota, a prominent auto maker reproduces certain parts at their overseas plant. They have determined it is more cost effective to pay the import fee than make the parts in the United States. Currently, the U.S. imports exceed our exports. Truly, the U.S. is not operating under a positive economic strategy. A quick glance at the various items American consumers own will show majority of products are made in China, Indonesia, Japan, and countless third world countries. Supply and demand is alive and well in America. Over the past 60 years the made in the U.S.A. logo is less evident. Americans remain focused on availability and cost of owning the latest gadget. They fail to care where the products are made. Consumers

Throughout the past 25 years, manufacturing employment rates have dramatically taken a downhill in the world’s most advanced economics. This is widely referred to and known as deindustrialization.

According to the case we know that labor costs in china may have a big increase in the next 10 years, from 40% totally to 10% annual increase to even 40% annual increase.

China is one of our biggest labor competitors. The reason many US companies go to China for outsourcing is again, because of their workforce’s willingness to operate at low costs. Michael Zimmerman describes this as a disparity in worker “tolerance”. Where the low wages found in China are “far lower than U.S.

Labor is one of the largest and in certain sectors the most expensive component in the production of goods. Outsourcing acknowledges the labor cost to produce a particular product is cheaper if the manufacturer were to produce the same product in-house where the cost per unit is significantly higher. Stable labor costs are important for long-term revenue projections to be relied upon by managers because they are a precursor of where a company is trending financially. It is this efficiency-in-scale that confirms the benefit of the division of labor memorialized by Adam Smith. As a result of the wage disparity between the costs of American workers versus Chinese workers, hundreds of U.S. based firms relocated all or part of their operations to China, taking advantage of the inexpensive labor market and the many cost-saving incentives offered by the Chinese government.