US Influence On Haiti

In the 19th century, Enlightenment ideas were spreading all over Europe and Latin American which influents the white elites in Haiti to want a capitalist market and control of it own resources. Latin America’s elite class became anti-imperialist and favored exportation based on capitalism. Also, the white elites in Haiti saw that France was fully engaged in the Napoleonic Wars and seized the

Haiti had lots of challenges in running in their own government and remained unstable until today. Haiti was no longer protected by the French and were taken advantage of by other powerful countries. They were essentially trading one exploitive world power for another such as Germany who began to trade at unfair rates with the Haitian Republic. “But if the cost of maintaining power and continuing to enjoy the spoils of the state was the spoil of the nation, they were quite willing to sacrifice the nation.” (Trouillot, 1990). Merchants were fine with the financial, military and political instability of the Saint Domingue state, and had an interest in the succession politically because it meant that their jobs of exploiting the state would be more or less

During this time of seizure, the U.S was looking to create a more politically stable Haiti and also wanting to create a more secure control over the country. They also wanted to establish themselves in the Caribbean. There also was a need to integrate Haiti into the international Capitalist economy. But during this control over 3,000 Haitians were killed. The Marines installed a puppet president, denied the people of Haiti the freedom of speech, forced a new constitution upon them, and

The Republic of Haiti has a unique and vibrant culture. It was once hailed as the "Pearl of the Antilles" for being the wealthiest colony in the world. This small Latin American island tells a story of slaves enduring resistance to the some of the most dominant forces abroad. In 1804, Haiti became the first free black republic and the second post-colonial country in the Americas. However, the days of being the wealthiest colony have since passed. Haiti is now considered to be the most impoverished country in the western hemisphere. The proud history of this country is overshadowed by alarming rates of poverty, violence, and inequality. This island nation’s government has been plagued with numerous military staged coups and misfortunes. I

In the document titled “Rulers of Haiti, a list of each ruler from Emperor Jacques I to President Joseph Louis Borno, Haiti underwent frequent regime change. In a 30-year period (1858-1888), six out of eight Haitian presidents left office under the note “deposed by revolution.” Americans deemed political instability and violence consistent with uncivilized cultures. Consequently, Americans thought that Haitians lacked the capability of self-government, which permitted and justified a US invasion and occupation. Occupation became necessary as what Plummer referred to a “logical consequence” to Haiti’s turbulent political climate. Even Blacks welcomed the occupation for they could not longer abide and watch Haiti become an “embarrassment, and irritation” on the historical nature of Haiti’s existence: the only Black governed republic. However, this sentiment amongst Blacks did not last. Once they became excluded from political actions regarding Haiti, they began setting the foundations for opposition to the

The French Revolution moved through three distinct stages. The first was the goal of a constitutional monarchy, the next was radical republicans that sought to transform french society, and third was the reign of Napoleon Bonaparte. The Haitian Revolution; comprised of an increase in resentment among the population (the majority of which were slaves), followed by a large slave-led rebellion, and then became the second nation in the western hemisphere to gain independence from european power (after the United States). The Haitian and French Revolutions are notably similar. After all, the Haitian Revolution was inspired

Purpose: To understand how Haiti became what it is and all the trials it has endured

1492 - Christopher Columbus accidentally lands on present day Haiti and Dominican Republic and conquers the island for Spain,naming the island Hispaniola. 1697 - Spain gives the western part of Hispaniola to France, and the French name it Ayiti. 1801 - Toussaint Louverture (a former slave) becomes the self- proclaimed leader of Haiti and ends slavery 1804 - Haiti becomes independent from France and Jean-Jacques Dessalines declares himself emperor. 1806 - Dessalines is murdered and Haiti is split into a black north and mulatto south 1818-43 - Pierre Boyer unifies the north and south of Haiti, but excludes blacks from power. 1915 - US invades and "monitors" Haiti 1934 - US removes troops, but holds fiscal control for 13 more years 1956

U.S. Imperialist Domination on Haiti. The United States fascination in Haiti has always existed prior to its domination. The United States has had a rough relationship with Haiti “ever since the former slave colony revolted against France and won independence in 1804, the only nation founded by a slave rebellion” (Bauduy, pg. 244, 2015). U.S. imperialism combined its relations with the Haitian dominant classes, forming a social base that strengthened the U.S. domination over Haiti even after the patriot opposition compelled them to leave.

Haiti was once the first black independent republic in the world and the richest island in the Caribbean. Today Haiti is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere and one of the poorest countries in the world. What could have happened to Haiti in almost two hundred years of history? The country experienced repeated civil war and foreign intervention. Haiti is not isolated from the international world. Thus, it was not out of concern for ordinary Haitians that the United States intervened in Haiti. It was out of concern for profit and stability within the United States' own backyard. The purpose of this paper is to show the negative aspect that the United States had played in the government of Haiti.

The Haitian revolution had tremendous repercussions in the social, political and economic arenas of the world, but especially for the relationship with the neighboring nation of the Dominican Republic. In order to understand the development of the Dominican-Haitian relationship after the Haitian revolution one must examine how the two colonies of Hispanola dealt with each other before it. Throughout history there has been constant stress between the interactions of these nations, yet there is no easy explanation for what has caused it. In effect, it has been an accumulation of events which has allowed for the present relationship to evolve.

In an effort to help maintain peace and tranquility in Haiti, the United States decides to send in troops into Haiti. After four years of U.S involvement and intervention, the U.S makes the decision to finally withdraw their troops. Bertrand returns to Haiti and assumes the presidency until he is overthrown by the opposition after there are several riots against

For the most part, the interaction between the colonizers of Haiti—the Spanish and the French—was negative, and lastingly so. Haiti has remained a turbulent and impoverished landscape. Social and economic indicators remain doggedly low, year after year. Haiti, although technically independent as of 1804, has never been able to support itself. There is a lot of heartfelt sympathy for Haiti, and the hope is that the legacy of colonization is not unending fate. But it will take a lot of work to get Haiti to a place of true freedom and independence, and sometimes outside help, however well intentioned, only unwittingly fuels the legacy.

Voodoo remains adaptable as it has been throughout history, it is constantly changing to adapt to new situations that Haiti is faced with everyday. After Haiti gained its independence it was ruled by one dictator after another. From 1860 until the present day, Haitian politics were never stable. During this period Haiti had thirty-five presidents, only five of them completed their terms. Through all of Haiti’s political failure Voodoo has helped to resist domination, fight fragmentation of identity, with which the Haitians were constantly threatened, and avoid catholic conversion.

From the very beginnings of the crisis in Haiti, we can see the various policies adapted by the three different presidents who held office in the U.S. Through the Reagan, Bush, and finally Clinton administrations, there is an evolution of policy from that of silence, to a gradual increase of concern, and ultimately an objective of restoring democracy in Haiti. However, the one thing that remained constant throughout each administration was the U.S. policy and practice of interdiction and repatriation of Haitian refugees. This policy was indeed successful in curtailing the influx of Haitians into the U.S. (Report on the Situation of Human Rights in Haiti, 1994).