Essay about Uganda

water diseases alone account for more than three million deaths each year. We help Africa by

Water-borne diseases are caused by the ingestion of water contaminated by pathogenic bacteria, viruses, or parasites. These pathogens are spread through the feces or urine of an infected individual (africaneeds). The most common diseases are cholera, guinea worm and typhoid. People can easily contract these diseases if there is no system of sewage collection and treatment. In fact, almost 2.5 billion people worldwide do not have access to adequate sanitation (UN water). Climate change can also impact the water crisis in Africa. Water is necessary for survival, and when areas get

The resources for the adequate sanitation of water supplies are often scarce for developing countries like Haiti. Unsanitary

Eighty-one reported episodes of vomiting, 66% rice watery stool and 64 % leg cramp. Out of the 53 case-patient, 20 was treated with oral rehydration solution at home prior to admission, 39 sought care immediately on the first day of illness. The CTC treatment included IV fluids and antimicrobial drugs. Water sources was the same for both groups, for example, purchased bag, purchased bottled/filtered water, pipe water and water collected from tankers. Although the water was supposed to be protected, the control group were more likely to treat their drinking water by boiling it prior to using it. Food exposure did not seem to be an issue with this bought of outbreak. Out of the 60 espoused 29 was protected against cholera. A higher number of control group than the case group consumed more than the median number of 23 food items in the 3 days prior to the illness.

Cholera has re-emerged as a major infectious disease in the recent past with a global increase in its incidence. In 1994, cholera cases were notified from 94 countries-the highest ever number of countries in one year (WHO, 1995). Two disturbing aspects of global cholera picture in 1990s have been-dramatic and unexpected reappearance of epidemic cholera caused by V.cholerae 01 E1T or in Latin America after 100 years absence from the region and unexpected appearance in 1992 in South India of an epidemic strain of Vibrio cholera non-01, classified as V.cholerae 0139 Bengal. It indicates that cases have increased in all the continents in the last few years; due to change in environments which has created conducive atmosphere for the spread of cholera. Cholera is international notifiable disease and its occurrence is regularly reported to WHO. Trade embargo or restrictions are imposed on countries that report cholera. WHO had never documented any outbreak resulting from commodities imported from cholera endemic areas. Cholera outbreak in Haiti reported 60240 cases and 1415 deaths upto 20th November 2010. Cholera is a water-born acute diarrhoeas disease caused by bacilli V.cholerae. The severity of the disease vary from symptom less to severe infections, majority of the cases are mild or asymptomatic. Cholera is endemic in all the countries except Korea, where cholera has not been officially reported since 1968. 7th endemic is still continuing to spread involving 92

Rwanda is one of the smaller countries in Africa located south of the equator in Central/ Eastern Africa. It has a number of lakes, the largest being Lake Kivu. Mountains cut through the majority of Central and Western Rwanda, its Eastern border, however consists of swamps, savannas and plains. Rwanda is bordered by Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. The country is home to various cultures and languages such as Kinyarwanda (Bantu) and French. Although mostly recovered, the devastation of the 1994 genocide still plagues the country. This included the mass killings of Rwandans led by the political elite name Akazu. The Tutsi’s, one of the two major cultures in Rwanda, population was drastically affected by the

it can be controlled through prevention. Mayo Clinic states “that when traveling to countries that are cholera endemic areas chances of contracting the disease are low if the individual washes their hands with soap and water frequently, drinks only safe water, eats food that has been completely cooked and is hot, avoid sushi, stick to fruits and vegetables that can be peeled, and be wary of dairy foods”. Cholera can be treated with immediate replacement of the fluid and salts lost through diarrhea. One of the treatments for patients is a oral rehydration solution. Oral rehydration solution has saved an estimated 40 million lives since it was endorsed by the World Health Organization in the 1980s.

A figure comparing lack of access to water and sanitation and the deaths associated with diarrhoeal disease shows that this condition is most alarming in sub-Saharan Africa. 42% of the population there is without improved water, while more than three-fifths

Cholera is a waterborne diarrheal disease that can be severely detrimental to a person’s health if not treated properly. According to the World Health Organization, cholera is a bacterial disease that originated in India in the 19th century, with seven pandemics spreading around the globe and killing millions of people.1 The current pandemic is still around, and cholera in present times is estimated to affect anywhere from 1.4 to 4.3 million children and adults every year.1 The disease is especially rampant during the rainy season, when the climate is wet and the bacteria spread easily.2 The bacteria strain Vibrio cholerae can culture itself in water, thus contaminating it and making the water dangerous to anyone who

Uganda is a landlocked country in East Africa. A landlocked country just means that the entire country is surrounded by land. Uganda gained its independence in 1962. The government is multiparty Democratic republic. Uganda is located in east central Africa, the coordinates are 1N and 32E. Uganda is bordered by five countries’, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, and Tanzania. The population is about 37 million. English is the official national language, it is the language taught in schools and used in court houses, etc. The religion in Uganda is Roman Catholic, Protestant, indigenous beliefs, and Muslim. The climate is tropical, generally rainy with two dry seasons. The capital of Uganda is Kampala.

Qadri, Svennerholm, Faruque, & Sack, (2005) states that Cholera is a highly contagious infection, which is deemed to be severe once contracted. This is the case since it has been considered as among the dangerous diseases currently, and which has been aligned with a variety of worldwide epidemics experienced in the near past. The disease sprang in 1961, where it was first experienced in Indonesia, and spread to other nations around the globe. According to WHO (2002), in the 21st century, cholera was deemed to infect over 300, 000 people, 10, 000 of whom succumbed from it. The main aspect considered to promoting the generation and spread of the disorder is an unclean environment, whereby it forces people to use contaminated water for their personal use. Among the events that can further promote the occurrence of this contamination are floods as well as wars. Regions that have been adversely affected by the effects of Cholera include Asia, Middle East, Africa, Central and South America. The latest outbreak of the infection however occurred in Haiti. WHO (2010) states that Cholera kills about 4% of the individuals who contract the bacterium. The case mainly affects the patients who suffer severe symptoms. Such symptoms may occur as a result of late treatment, or as a result of inappropriate treatment modules. If the persons with severe symptoms tend to be treated appropriately, less than 1% of them would die from it.

People are more prone to infection of V. cholera in developing countries in which there is no adequate sanitation. Therefore, people travelling to such areas should adhere to thorough water and food consumption advice as well as personal hygiene (ideas health). Generally, for mild to moderate illness, lethal dehydration may occur, in which prompt fluid therapy containing sufficient volumes of electrolyte solution is necessary (ideas health). As for those suffering severe dehydration, intravenous fluid is critical (ideas health). Those patients suffering from severe cases of deathly diarrhea should be secluded in hospitals in order to investigate the mode of transmission of V. cholera as well as

In the recent years, there are prevailing epidemic called Cholera in third world countries such as Haiti, Viet Nam and Zimbabwe. It is estimated that 2.8 million cases and 91,000 deaths annually due to cholera in endemic countries. Nearly, 11 million cholera cases occur in 2002 alone. The endemic countries is usually a developing countries, which is at risk because they are lacking access to safe water and sanitation facilities. The effected populations were mainly consisted of low income resident and mostly live in the suburban area, where clean drinking water is not widely available.

Approximately 2 billion working adults, especially in developing countries, do not have access to a safe account at a financial institution. Moreover, according to the World Bank, more than 59 percent of working adults do not have access to an account simply as a result of low income, implying that these financial institutions are not yet attainable for low income users. Being one of the least developed countries, Rwanda has a population with about 89 percent of its adults owning a financial account under formal and mainly informal sectors in 2012. According to the FinScope Survey, Rwanda is one of the leading countries in East Africa with the highest accessibility to financial inclusion despite having a poverty rate of 33 percent in

Malawi has multiple gorgeous landscapes. The highest alps in Malawi reach as far up as 10,000 ft while the lowest point barely reaches above sea level. Fishing villages are located all around Malawi which is great for tourist attraction. There is a big widespread of highlands and forests which shows off most of Malawi’s extraordinary scenery. In the south parts of Malawi are where the best highlands are located. When you think of Africa that beautiful image you have in mind is exactly what it looks like. Describing Malawi as a paradise would perfectly explain it. Lake Malawi is the third largest in Africa and very well known. It covers about 20% of Malawi’s area.