Ultraviolet Keratitis Case Studies

Keratoconus is a bilateral, non-inflammatory thinning of the cornea with the onset during adulthood.2 It primarily results in visual loss due to the irregular astigmatism.2 The etiology can be environmental due to eye rubbing, contact lens wear, and allergic eye disease.2 Excessive exposure to sunlight can cause oxidative damage to the corneas leading to a decrease in certain enzymes.4 Therefore, there is a higher prevalence of keratoconus in countries that have hot and sunny weather.4 A common theory in the pathogenesis of keratoconus is the release of proteolytic enzymes by the abnormal epithelium causing the cornea to weaken and thin by the degradation of the stroma.2 This stromal thinning is caused by the reduction of the number

Keratosis pilaris (KP) is also referred to as follicular keratosis. This skin condition is characterized by the formation of small, rough bumps on the surface of the skin (similar to goosebumps). Due to its appearance and rough texture, KP is frequently referred to as ‘chicken skin.’ This condition affects approximately 40 percent of adults and up to 80 percent of adolescents. While follicular keratosis is considered harmless, it can be bothersome because it is unsightly and usually leaves the skin feeling dry, and itchy.

I enjoyed reading your post. Actinic keratosis (AK) is a widespread skin ailment branded by cutaneous lesion of sun-exposed amid fair complex individuals and it augmented the peril of emergent squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and added skin sarcomas which are a snowballing problem related to the immunosuppressed populace (Dodds, Chia, & Shumack, 2014). According to Cohen (2010), AK predominance in the United States and Australia has overstretched from about 11 percent to 26 percent from research analysis done, and one analysis outcome indicated that about 19 percent of Australians over the age of 40 years with no history of prior AK before the research analysis onset did acquire one or added AK between the

Fish-eye disease is a rare genetic disorder. Most patients who diagnosed with this disease are at their young adult ages. Corneal opacity has been so far the only clinical sign/symptom that discovered for this disease. The cornea of fish-eye disease patients becomes cloudy as the disease progresses and may leads to significant vison reduction. The fish-eye disease patients’ cloudy cornea are like boiled fish eyes. The disease was named for this reason (Fish eye disease).

Even though the cause is completely unknown either because of an optic nerve that can be damaged by a normal pressure inner side of the eye, or less amount of blood flow to the optic nerve. Cardiovascular diseases, family history of glaucoma and Japanese ancestry are may cause this glaucoma.

Although uveal melanoma is a rare malignancy, it is the most common primary intraocular tumor in adults (Kashyap, 2016) and occurs at a rate of 5.1 per million per year (Kaliki, 2016). Uveal melanoma may develop anywhere within the uveal tract, however it most commonly arises in the choroid (90%), followed by the ciliary body (6%) and then the iris (4%) (Kaliki, 2016). The at-risk population includes those with light skin, light eyes, ocular melanocytosis, nevi of the iris or choroid and the BRCA1-associated protein mutation (Kaliki, 2016). Uveal melanoma has been found to be most common in the middle-aged Caucasian population with a median age of 62 years old at presentation and with a 30% higher incidence among males relative to females

The pain may be mild to severe, depending on the cause and extent of the inflammation. Sensitivity to light may also be present. To the observer, the eye may appear red, watery, and if the cornea has extensive keratitis, the normally clear cornea may look gray or have white to gray areas.

This condition is caused by getting too much ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or other UV light sources.

Individuals are risk for cataracts are those affected with a disease such as diabetes, smoking or alcohol use, or prolonged sunlight exposure. Symptoms are cloudy or blurry vision, fading color, glare, poor night vision, double image in one eye, and frequent eyeglasses prescription changes. Treatment depends upon when cataract is detected. Early detection can be improved with eyeglasses, better lighting, glare sunglasses, or magnifying. If this does not work surgery is used. The lens is replaced with an artificial

disease, damage to the eyes and other changes to the body. Tests may be per-

Imagine having a distinctive feature that separates you from everyone else on the planet. On each person’s palm side of their hands and soles of their feet are epidermal ridge patterns that singles him or her out from everyone else on the planet (Barnes, 2012). The ridge patterns on the last joint of each person fingers, known as fingerprints grants each person the opportunity to be unique. Fingerprints have become a common means of identification around the world. Despite the popularity of fingerprint, there are a very few common misconceptions of about fingerprints, one being that every person is born with fingerprints. There are rare instants where people are simply born without these identification marks on the palms and soles of their

Corneal ulcers symptoms are redness of the eye, excruciating pain, eyes become watery, discharge coming from the eye, blurry vision, pain when looking directly at lights, eyelids become swollen, and if the ulcer is large enough then it becomes visible to the naked eye. The ulcers are mainly caused by bacterial, viral and fungal infections. Although, they can also be caused by tiny tears of the eye, dry eye disorders, disorders affecting your eyelids, chemical burns, and people that wear

The pathophysiology of traumatic uveitis is incompletely understood. Rosenbaum et al theorized that a possible mechanism for the development of intraocular inflammation secondary to nonpenetrating trauma could be akin to similar processes in other organ systems.9 They posit that traumatic uveitis may be similar to the Koebner phenomenon, whereby minor skin trauma precipitates psoriasis flares in approximately 25% of patients.9 This study – which is to our knowledge, the only other study focused solely on traumatic uveitis except for the current series – reported that 4.8% of uveitis patients suspected that the cause of their uveitis was related to previous nonpenetrating trauma.9 At our center, traumatic uveitis following nonpenetrating trauma

Optic neuritis is an inflammation of the bundle of optic nerves behind the eye. Whitnall’s hypothesis was nerve inflammation, caused by traction of the medial and superior recti, on the optic nerve.This would cause visual loss, pain, loss of color vision, flashing lights and visual field loss. Optic neuritis, being a demyelinating inflammation, meaning there is damage occurring to the protective covering of the myelin sheath, that is surrounding nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord. The direct cause of optic neuritis is unknown. It is unknown but believed that the immune system attacks the myelin sheath of the optic nerve, resulting in enough inflammation to cause damage to the myelin. Normally the myelin sheath helps conduct electrical impulses from the eye to the brain, converting it into visual information. When optic neuritis occurs the impulses are stopped resulting in visual loss. This only occurs in one eye.

Glaucoma is a group of eye disorders that cause blindness by hurting the optic nerve, which is the large nerve that is responsible for vision. In glaucoma, the optic nerve damage is related to a change in the fluid pressure that circulates around the eyeball. In many cases, Glaucoma occurs when the eye's fluid pressure is high, but it can also occur when the pressure is measured as normal.