Underground Economies And Its Effects On Canada

Since the government cannot control the black market they can decrease exploitation and corruption by legalization. History shows that when “desperately wanted goods” are made illegal there was greater exploitation and corruption than there was if the good was legal.

Thus, no matter what quantity (usage of drugs) will go down (Q2). The direction in which the price moves depends on which shift is larger. It has been shown that price will most likely go up; the reason for this is because law enforcement often goes after the suppliers with more effort than they go after the buyers because it has a greater deterrent effect because it is harder to sell than buy (Hellman and Alper). Also the punishments for sellers are much worse than for buyers. Therefore, the leftward shift of the supply schedule (S2), caused by the decrease in supply, is much larger than the shift in the demand schedule (D2); this causes a larger decrease in supply than in demand (area between S1 and S2 is larger) which then causes the increase in price from P1 to P2 (Graph A) (Miller). The increase in helps explain why drug offenders commit more property crime when drugs are illegal. Most property crimes are committed for financial motives; it is then safe to assume that drug offenders steal the property for money to buy drugs and to pay off all of the costs mentioned above. Violent crime can be explained through the use of drug selling gangs. The gangs fight over selling territory. The gang leaders can be seen as entrepreneurs and it is in their best interest to maximize profit. To do this they must lower competition and fight rival gangs to drive them out of their

Organized crime in Canada can be identified as a multi-layered issue throughout the country. Posing a significant threat to the safety of Canadian citizens, it would prove beneficial to seek further information on crime networks in relation to how and why organized crime networks occur and how they can be/are being controlled. Illegal acts such as human trafficking, drug trafficking, prostitution and theft undoubtedly catalyze adverse effects on the communities in which they operate in and around, and should therefore be analyzed more in depth in an effort to keep Canadians safe. This paper will be discussing the description and function of organized crime networks in Canada, as well as how these networks relate to street gangs, drug trafficking

We say that slavery has vanished from European civilization, but this is not true. Slavery still exists, but now it applies only to women and its name is prostitution The 4th of November 2014 is a day that will be remembered as the most notorious day in the history of the Canadian Justice System. On November 4th 2014, the most controversial prostitution bill “Protection of Community and Endangered Persons Act”, also known as C-36 was passed in the Supreme Court of Canada. According to this law, the ‘sale of sex’ has to be regarded as a legal act. However, the law did not include several other aspects of the prostitution trade. The sale of sexual services between the prostitutes and pimps is still to be categorized as an illegal act. The new law passed by Canada’s legislation is inspired by the “Nordic Model” of prostitution that was initially adopted in 1999 by Sweden. The Nordic Model of Prostitution states that prostitution is not prohibited, but paying for sex is. This model aspires to remove the deep-rooted problem of prostitution from the system, without actually subjecting and targeting the prostitutes, who are themselves often the victims of sex-trafficking. This Paper will argue that despite the fact that C-36 was a smart move taken by the government of Canada in response to SCC’s Criticism, this law might not be the most appropriate approach towards eliminating sex trade off the streets.

The first report was administered by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, which heavily highlighted neo-liberal values. To me, this report illustrated fundamental neo-liberalistic values of self-sufficiency, individual responsibility and the significance of engaging in the market as principle solutions in eradicating this social problem. Furthermore, I was deeply concerned by this report’s emphasis on individual “risk factors” such as alcohol/drug use and involvement in the sex trade rather than recognizing the systematic

Without legalizing marijuana there will be many black markets. A black market is a market that works illegally and sells people illegal stuff that can’t be found everywhere. According to Stephan T .Easton (2004), as referenced in Larisa Ducati Flister 2012.” The retail price of a marijuana cigarette to be approximately $8.60 while costing around $1.50 to produce, yielding roughly a 7.10 profit”. In other words, the black markets are taking advantage of people. Many people don’t really care how much they pay in order to get weed. Because, it’s not available for everyone therefore people tend to buy them at any price. As a result, the only winners are the people selling in the black markets .If the government legalizes marijuana there will be no black markets there will only be official places to sell weed and therefore people will pay the original price that the government sets. Moreover, Silverberg suggests that the government should control the quality of marijuana, so that people would know the weed they are using is not poisoned (David Silverberg, 2005).People deserve to have a good quality weed and when the government legalizes it they will make sure every person gets a clean, pure, and healthy weed. However, the government can also benefit from the taxes gained from marijuana. According to Stephan T .Easton (2004), as referenced in Larisa Ducati Flister 2012 a study found the following: The consumption

The book ‘Canada’s Underground World of Human Trafficking’ by Benjamin Perrin is a realization of reality and a desperate call to action. The silent screams of young abused victims continue echoing down the dark tunnels of Canada’s underground world of human trafficking. Perrin argues that this is an issue that should concern everyone on a global and national level because it lowers the value of our common humanity. He uses empirical evidence from a variety of case studies to emotionalize with the reader and support his claim that Canada desperately needs to be educated on this form of modern day slavery. Throughout the duration of the book Perrin discusses and provides examples of multiple forms of social inequalities that help enable the

. The Australian government is increasingly acknowledging the negative consequences of illegal drugs on the Australian economy and in turn spending billions of dollars each year to reduce the flow of drugs into the country. This essay will examine possible outcomes on the illegal drugs market if the Australian government were to increase the enforcement devoted to preventing the import of drugs.

In Canada it is not illegal or a crime to sell sex in exchange of cash. It is also a source of issue for the supreme court of judgment to strike down prostitution laws and make changes. Also sex workers involved in various sexual activities were against the law. The old regime of Canada contained three pillars that stated it illegal for sex workers to own brothels and work in these places. It is seen that in Canada the sex selling business is totally legal. The three pillars of the old regime were declined by the Supreme Court. And also gave positive signals that new rules will be coming in Ottawa. The new rule will also consider the risks and safety of the sex workers. From various researches it has been found that the court agrees since prostitution is legal. There is no chance for Ottawa regulate prostitution. Parliament has the authority to take legal steps about prostitution without health and safety measures of the sex workers. It is illegal for prostitutes that did business in the same place and employed receptionist or security in public society. The court mentioned that people that are doing these things are risking their

Kielburger, Craig and Mark. (2012) The Shocking Contributor to Crime in Canada. The Huffington Post. N.p. Retrieved from .

stable jobs not knowing they will be used for sex or slavery. These girls are put into work without having any say in how they feel. They are owned and are considered a working army that brings in large amounts of profit. There is minimal spending money for them as majority of what they earn goes to their owners. As discussed earlier, there are thousands of organized crime group across Canada and the world. Each and every one of them specializes in different illegal work as they also have illegal side businesses. The sex industry is a skyrocketing problem for authorities and society as it helps in the growth of organized crime which in the future helps to build much stronger structures involving other criminal activity. “Organized crime has

 Organized crime in Canada has many faces. The people who engage in organized crime are as varied as the types of organized crimes they engage in. There are essentially four categories of organized crime in Canada. These four categories are: (A) Aboriginal organized crime groups, (B) Outlaw motorcycle gangs, (C) Traditional Italian Mafia crime groups, ethnic groups such as Asian Triads and Vietnamese gangs, (D) Colombian cartels and emerging crime groups from Russia and Nigeria (Beare 1996: 75). Any of these groups could potentially be linked to such illegal activity as: the trafficking of narcotics, extortion, loan-sharking, various types of frauds, smuggling of cigarettes, alcohol,

The earning of mass amounts of drug money has created a debate about whether the drug trade has helped or hurt the Colombian economy. Specifically, the debate centers on how narcotics have affected the economy in the short and long runs because the drug trade, in reality, has brought in millions of dollars. How this money, earned by trafficking drugs, has returned (or not returned) to the country and its population through its

Most drug dealers would lose a great deal of business if not all. The illegal drug trade is the financial engine that fuels many terrorist organizations around the world (fff.org). What makes the drug trade such a success is the efforts of the United States to dispel illegal drugs. Legalization would reduce prices and open competition, eliminating the multibillion-dollar industry that supports crime at all levels.

In my research I was surprise to learn that an increase in the international drug trade and drug user estimated 14.8 million Americans were illegal drug users as of 1999. I also read that the international drug trade generates $200 to $300 billion dollars a year. And due to a great amount of budget that is spent, this gives the drug trafficker an advantage over the government that has a small budget. Illegal drugs are considered to be a major source of funding for organized crime. The Canadian government has attempted to address these problems by implementing a national drug strategy, which is meant to reduce the demand for and the supply of illicit drugs. Eleven federal government departments and agencies have spent approximately $500 million annually in addressing the illegal use of drugs. In order to optimize the effectiveness of such governmental initiatives and expenditures, it is useful to achieve greater understanding of major trends relating to drug offences. This information will assist policy makers and criminal justice professionals in deterring