Understanding Factors That Influence Self Management

Health promotion includes providing activities that improve a person’s health. These activities assist patients to “maintain or enhance their present levels of health. Health promotion activities motivate people to act positively to reach more stable levels of health” (Potter & Perry, 2005, p. 97). In order for nurses to assist patients in obtaining healthy lifestyles, they must first assess a patient’s perception of health. The World Health Organization defines health as a “state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” (as cited in Potter & Perry, 2005, p. 91). There are many nursing theories that are based on an individual’s perception of health. This paper will

The theory focuses on the ability of a person to meet his or her own needs. Developed in the year 1970, Orem’s theory focused on the three various concepts, namely self-care, self-care deficit, and the nursing system. Self-care is a group of activities or processes that a person performs to maintain health, life, and wellbeing (Orem, 2001). For instance, self-care is being demonstrated when a chronic heart failure patient checks his or her weight daily, takes prescribes medications, and avoids salty foods. Self-care deficit happens when an individual is not able to provide effective self-care (Orem, 2011). Nurses are able to assist patients in this state by educating them with their disease condition and treatment compliance. A nursing

Health promotion efforts that I implement regularly to my patients are information packets on the cessation of smoking. One question that is asked of all patients who come into the emergency room, is if they smoke and if so, how much. If patients admit to smoking, a packet of information is distributed to them. These packets contain information on how to quit smoking, as well as resources within the area that can assist them. I then encourage each patient to go through the packet and ask any questions that they might have as I continue my assessment. In addition, I also educate each patient on how cessation of smoking will help to prevent any further diseases and improve their overall health.

Leventhal’s model of self-regulation is based on the idea that each person forms a cognitive representation of their illness, which allows them to make sense of their symptoms. This illness perception and the patient’s emotional response then guide behaviour towards managing the illness (Leventhal et al., 1984). An illness perception is made up of five major components. These are illness identity, potential cause, timeline, its consequences and how it may be controlled. Often patients with similar diseases can hold very different perceptions of their illness (Petrie and Weinman, 2012). Clinical severity of the condition does not necessarily predict how a patient will cope. This essay will outline strengths and weaknesses of whether the model can be used to explain health outcomes and coping strategies, implement successful interventions and predict or even improve adherence to treatment. Finally, the importance of constructs not included in the model, such as social support, will be discussed. The essay will evaluate the model using examples of illnesses such as stroke, cancer, diabetes and asthma.

Some patients were shocked as they had never been hospitalized because they never had any other medical problems. Some patients knew that they have a chance of heart disease as they have seen in other family members. There were some patients who were angry about the fact that they couldn’t afford health insurance and they didn’t go to the doctor regularly. While others knew what they might get heart attacks again in the future as they had heart attacks in the past. These people knew what was coming, but they didn’t not adhere with the therapeutic regimen their providers talked about. Different patients had different perception of the disease process. After hospitalization, a lot of patient will request information on smoking cessation. Patients tell you that they will follow low salt diet and show interest in dash diet. Patient states that they will follow medication regimen, follow up appointments, diets and exercise regularly. These illness behavior is the reason of shock from heart attack, frustration at themselves for not following healthy lifestyle, dismay at themselves or their financial situation and feeling powerless over their own

The three Health Promotion issues I have chosen to discuss are smoking, physical inactivity and unhealthy diet. According to NICE (2007) Smoking, poor diet and lack of exercise play an important role in the health and behaviour of people in relation to their social and cultural background. I have chosen to discuss a group of patients aged 70-75 years old who have previously been diagnosed with heart disease; multiple medical conditions include hypertension, high cholesterol and diabetes; they are currently being treated on a cardiac ward waiting for further tests. I will explore the three areas of Health Promotion and discuss how they are Linked to the patients underlining medical issues. Ethnics in nursing practice will be discussed, focusing on the patient’s views, values and principles; Inter-professional working in educating the patient and the impact it can have on how we think and react to our lifestyle choices; I will focus on Various models and discuss how they are linked in relation to the patient and health promotion. In accordance to the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) (2015) full consent has been verbally granted; also in respect of their privacy the patients names and placement area will remain anonymous.

The aim of this essay is to consider approaches to promoting the self-management of a long-term condition. The focus will be linked to module content and based on a patient that I have provided nursing care for during my clinical practice. There will be a brief introduction of the patient and the context in which I was involved in their nursing care. The pathophysiology of the chosen LTC along with the related physical, psychological and social needs of the patient will be considered. There will be a discussion of principles of self-management that will link to national LTC policies. This will also include initiatives and analysis of the evidence of the underlying principles for an approach to providing self-management support, for the

Healthcare professionals need to provide patients with the necessary knowledge and tools to participate in management decisions about their illness to foster empowerment to comply with their prescribed treatment plan and adherence to self-management behavior.

According to Hashemi et al. (2013), promoting self-care with patients gives them more control over their lives – leading to an improved quality of life. The article emphasized the importance of empowering patients to perform activities independently. Orem’s self-care model was used as a clinical guideline for the self-care programs they developed for the patients.

A large number of Hispanics do not speak English and this means that communication is largely in their local Spanish dialect. For the Spanish-speaking Hispanic population with T2DM, communication of self-management practices can only be successful with the use of Spanish language. Prior to the assessment of the knowledge and health behavior between this group and other using English speaking self-management, a consideration of what passes, as self-management is important. Chodosh and Morton (2005) define self-management as a systematic intervention that requires the patient to be actively involved in the physiological processes associated with self-monitoring and decision making that affects the patient’s health. The projection by Chodosh and Morton (2005) is that self-management involves patient and provider collaboration where there is an enabling of problem-solving skills that are important to the patient’s ability to maintain self-care. From this definition, self-management is therefore seen as an approach towards ensuring that the patient is not highly reliant on the provider with regards to the care

It was one of the clinical days in cardiology department on Monday afternoon. One incident that is worth reflecting on was my encounter with a 52 years old female patient who smoke on average 20 cigarettes per day since more than 20 years. She is an overweight who has recently been diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), COPD is a a lung disease characterised by the narrowing of the airways. COPD also refers to chronic bronchitis and emphysema, the latter of which Sarah has been diagnosed with. It is emphysema that is Sarah's primary health problem at present.The health promotion strategy adopted in this case was a brief intervention including motivational interviewing, which took place within the clinical area as part of Jessie’s consultation.

The main purpose of health promotion is to heighten people’s motivation to strive for optimal health, while assisting them in making lifestyle modifications that will help them advance their wellbeing to an ideal state. Modifications of the unfavorable way of living can be enabled through a

Orem’s Self-Care Theory lays the foundation to measure self-care maintenance, management, and confidence. The framework of Orem’s theory contributes an optimistic patient view to their own personal healthcare and the goal of nurses, and the independent function of their patients. The identification of nursing as a science and an art are identified as well as its boundaries, and serve as unique contributions to nursing. The research that Orem completed was designed to measure self-care deficits and the quality of life to help determine the correlation between both (Seed & Torkelson, 2012).

Nurses implement health promotion strategies in a variety of ways. Due to the high level of credibility nurse’s have with their patients, they greatly influence their patients with their passion. By emphasizing health promotion strategies such as self-responsibility, proper nutrition, exercise and stress management, nurses plant the seeds of wellness in the minds of their patients. While ultimately, it is up to the individual to make healthy changes in their lives, the role of the nurse practitioner plays a huge role in motivating individuals to adopt healthy habits.

Self-leadership is defined as the process people influence themselves to establish self-direction, self-management, and self-motivation (Neck & Manz, 2010).