Understanding Of Chinese By John Searle

Turing, a physicalist, believed that artificial intelligence could be achieved in the future. Turing argued that the mind was merely due to the physical aspects of the brain and so a machine could one day be created that has a mind of its own, i.e. artificial intelligence. He created a test called the Turing Test to determine whether a machine has artificial intelligence. In the Turing Test, an interrogator asks two subjects a series of questions. One of the subjects is a person, the other is the computer. The goal is for the person to imitate a computer and the computer to imitate the person. If the interrogator is fooled into thinking that the computer is the human then the computer, according to Turing, is concluded to have the ability to think and thus, have a mind. Turing argued that machines passing the Turing Test were sufficient for ascribing thought.

Prior to Communism in China, it was known to be a chaotic country on the brink of self-destruction. With the emergence of the party leader Mao Zedong, came a new hope, which filled its inhabitants with the belief that China would return to its former historical greatness. American and Chinese relations before 1971 were in simple terms described as “uneasy”, due to the American, Soviet Cold War. It was not until President Richard Nixon visited China and realized the high value of having China as a ally that relations between the two powers began to become positive. Unknown at the time, it is assumed in the book Chinese Lessons written by John Pomfret, that the relationships he formed with the people he met in China would change his outlook on life and Communist China forever.

Mckissick, Floyd. “CORE Endorses Black Power.” In Let Nobody Turn Us Around: Voices of Resistance, Reform and Renewal: An African American Anthology, edited by Marable, Manning, and Leith Mullings. Rowman & Littlefield, 2003.

“You misunderstood my intentions, Jin. I did not come to punish you. I came to serve as your conscience—as a signpost to your soul” (Yang 221). During one’s youth, one is always trying to find their identity and fit in with others so they won’t feel left out of the group. For Asian-Americans, stereotypes impact their identity, making it harder to assimilate with the dominant culture.

The book American Born Chinese by Gene Luen Yang, had three distinct main characters, but each plot line held the same message: be yourself. This message is one that resonates due to the pressures that everyone faces to conform to societal norms. I, as an introverted female, feel pressured often to go and be around many people and be outgoing to fit in and find friends. It took years to learn this lesson, which the book conveys in a few hundred pages. This is an important not just for myself, but for anyone experiencing pressure to belong.

Fitting in is what a lot of people want in this world they want to be able to have a place where they belong and where they are respected. The second book is called American Born Chinese. It starts off about the Monkey King he has mastered kung fu and is the best in the mortal world, but he wants to belong with the gods. He tries his best to hang out with them but it does not go right. He went to a party where all the gods where attending instead of making him welcome they made it known that he is just a monkey and nothing more, even if he is considered the Monkey King. He then goes on a fit and beats up every god in his sight.

Why did you think “American Born Chinese” would be told most effectively told through a graphic novel?

In Searle’s Chinese Room Argument, the person inside the room is defined as not able to understand Chinese. But in response to that, the Systems Reply brings up the point that while the person might not know any Chinese, the system as a whole understands Chinese. The Virtual Mind Reply is similar to the Systems Reply in that the person inside the room might not understand Chinese by him or herself. But Virtual Mind Reply questions whether understanding is created or not. While the person in the room might not have any knowledge of Chinese at the beginning, running the system might create an agent that does have understanding of Chinese. The Robot Reply, while accepting that the person in the room might not understand Chinese or the computer in the room does not understand a particular language, suggests that “giving a computer a body” would mean something different for the computer. Being able to interact with the environment using sensors might enable the computer to learn. The Brain Simulator Reply suggests to consider the program being

In Chinese philosophy, there is a set of books called the Four Books. Please list the names of the Four Books, and in what sequence does Zhu Xi suggest they should be studied?

To borrow from Chinese philosophy, I believe yin and yang are a good explanation of the Greeks use of binary pairs. The main characteristics are, they are opposites and yet Interdependent. You cannot have the young without the old and vice versa, the same with rich and poor. They are all relative terms, one person’s rich is another person’s poor (unless your Bill Gates or Warren Buffet, then everyone is poor:). One of the biggest constraints in the age of the Greeks that fostered this was communications. The Greek empire was vast and spread across the Aegean, Cretan, and Ionian seas. Few citizens of Sparta would have known few, if anyone from Lesbos across the Aegean Sea as an example. This separation would lend itself to generalizations and stereotyping as it does today.

Throughout reading this entire booked, I was engaged and interested, and really enjoyed the first chapter. The author Maxine Hong Kingston is simply an incredible writer that has the ability to say a lot in a single phrase and so vividly at the same time. I really like the structure of her book and how it pinpoints to three different audiences, Chinese, Woman, and American. I really love how the author merges fiction and non-fiction together which makes the text more engaging and interesting and gives you the best of both worlds in a book almost; 2 in 1. I enjoyed the many themes incorporated in the book, one of my favorites being how merging cultures can be difficult. Something I disliked about the book was at times, some parts were a bit

Searle also points out that consciousness is purely a biological process in that is exclusively caused by neurobiological progressions and is realized in the brain structures. He however argues that it is different from other biological phenomena due to its qualitativeness, intentionality,

Zhang Jie and other scholars in their article on the Chinese suicide research (2002) contextualised a large part of the domestic research from the 1990s. The research they analysed is inherently Chinese, both in language and the conceptualisation of mental health and suicide. For example, they mention an essential fact that for most of the time (and even nowadays in some more isolated parts of China) local medical doctors could not detect suicidal or mental disorder symptoms, due to the lack of specialised training in psychiatry. Consequently, it was and still is difficult for distressed rural patients to receive high quality mental health treatment. The individuals themselves usually do not understand their psychological illness, thus

Searle begins his argument in solving the mind-body problem. He argues that the mind-body problem is so difficult to answer because of four main reasons. These problems are first, consciousness, the main problem of consciousness is how can the mass in my head cause consciousness and mental states? Second, intentionality, yet again the problem of intentionality is how can the mass in my head refer to anything, how can it be about anything? Third, subjectivity, the world is objective yet our mental states

The language I decided to research is Chinese. I always found the language to be very interesting due to the fact when it’s written they use symbols. Granted they are not the only language that’s written using symbols, but they are the only language that uses what I would think to be considered lines to form letters and words. The Chinese language is one of the oldest written language in the world with six thousand years of history. Chinese characters have been found in turtle shells going as far back as the Shang dynasty. Proving the language has been around for more than three thousand years and that’s a long time. It also makes me wonder how long and how much work goes into learning how to write, speak, and pronounce the words that form to create the Chinese alphabet. The Chinese written language uses symbols and characters to represent each word of the vocabulary. Most of the characters are written versions of spoken sounds that have meaning. A large dictionary contains 40,000 characters. You must be able to say 2,000 - 3,000 characters to read a newspaper. That alone has me disbelief as to how they can memorize so much, then again it may be simple for people who have been doing it since birth it also honestly had me in shock as I thought of how much information that is to hold / memorize. Although the written symbols have changed over time the language along with the symbols and characters have remained the same. Although many forms of Chinese exist the written language