Understanding of Thermodynamics

The study of science is Physics. Physics means the natural science which involves the study of things made up atoms or matter, and along with related concepts such as energy and force. The experiment is Physics because we are using heat from the sun, and transferring the heat to the oven. So heat or thermal energy is the measure of the amount of energy that is contained in a material. Heat depends on how much of the material, which would be sunlight, you have: if you have twice the amount then normal of whatever you are testing, then you have to double the amount of heat you have. “Temperature is a measure of the ability of a substance, or more generally of any living or nonliving subject, to move the energy made of heat to another living or nonliving subject.” “But we need to remember that light slows down has it goes farther from the sun, and bends toward the normal and has a shorter wavelength when it enters a higher value medium (A substance that makes it possible for the energy to move to one location to another)”. “ Also a light wave is transverse (they can be polarized).”

Heat: The amount of energy associated with the movement of atoms and molecules in matter.

The law, conservation of energy states that the total amount of energy within a system remains constant at all times, although energy within the system can be changed from one form to another. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be transformed. The law of conservation of energy states that when energy is being used, it’s not being used up instead it’s being transformed from

In our bodies we need energy so that we could do things that are possible such as; move our muscles, talk and all the other things that we do. Without energy all humans would be useless not being able to do anything. Energy is needed to extract the oxygen from the areas in our bodies and diffuse it into our bloodstream. As warm blooded we can only digest food and function if our bodies are at a certain temperature and have enough energy, and energy is required for this. We need energy to move our muscles which also only operate when they are warm. Coldblooded humans use the energy from the environment as well as from their food. Energy is the capacity to do work in our bodies. That means doing

Enthalpy (H)- The sum of the internal energy and the pressure – volume product of a system H= E + PV.

Energy is a concept.� Most definitions of the word energy fail to provide its exact meaning when applied to scientific matters.� In science the word energy is a concept that expresses two measurable properties, heat and work.� Here is the relationship of energy, heat and work:

The law of thermodynamics in can predict the direction of chemical reactions and changes in substances

In thermodynamics, thermal energy refers to the internal energy present in a system due to its temperature. The concept is not well-defined or broadly accepted in physics or thermodynamics, because the internal energy can be changed without changing the temperature, and there is no way to distinguish which part of a system's internal energy is "thermal". Thermal energy is sometimes used loosely as a synonym for more rigorous thermodynamic quantities such as the (entire) internal energy of a system; or for heat or sensible heat which are defined as types of transfer of energy (just as work is another type of transfer of energy). Heat and work depend on the way in which an energy transfer occurred, whereas internal energy is a property of the state of a system and can thus be understood even without knowing how the energy got there.

The study of Entropy is the study of the amounts of this energy being dispersed in a given process at a certain temperature. Although this is a founding law of nature, life does not rise from nature through entropy but through the blocking of entropy. While each particle carrying a potential amount of energy will unload that energy and spread it to as many other less energetic particles as possible, systems work to use the energy by creating boundaries and walls, both physical and chemical. (10)

. Study the sample page of a dictionary and answer the questions below. (5 pts.)

While scientists have discovered a handful of exceptions to the rule; and, that at least theoretically, it should be possible for a system to produce conditions in which temperatures are capable to be quantized at a state lower than absolute zero. This is possible, they say, because the temperature of a system can be generally described as the average energy of the particles within it. Most hover around a certain point, with a few outliers found resting at higher levels. However, when the system is turned upside down, most of the particles will begin to exhibit higher energy levels, with only a few maintaining a lower energy

Thermal energy is the energy a substance or system has related to its temperature. This means the energy of moving or vibrating molecules. Atoms and molecules are always in motion. Generally the motion of thermal energy cannot be seen, but instead the effects it has on the substance can be seen or felt. Thermal energy can have several different uses. It can be used to heat homes, cook food, and generate electricity.

The behaviourism approach is good as there are lots of experiments to support the theory, it also makes a lot of sense as it says you learn from behaviour and the response you get to that behaviour, Tony learnt that if he fought with someone then his father would most likely be proud of him and so grew up learning that fighting was something to be proud of. It’s also a good approach as it explains impulsive actions in people, it describes us as acting first before we think about the consequence. Tony’s case it very much explains how he acts on impulse. It’s a good approach as it is easy to see how someone is acting due to what they’ve learnt growing up, you can see this in simple things like people having the same traits as their parents or people they spend a lot of time with, for example Tony must have a lot of violent traits learnt from his father. The approach is weak when it comes to biology though, as it doesn’t look into the biological explanation of someone’s actions, it doesn’t look at the thought processes or the hormones present in a person when they’re reacting.

Everything is made out of tiny particles called atoms.Atoms form groups and form a new particle, molecules, which are always moving around, the speed depending on the temperature. In room temperature, the molecules are moving too fast, so they don’t stick together and freeze. Under 0°C, the temperature is so cold that the molecules have stuck together into a solid, unable to move

Heat is a form of energy that is transferred between two substances at different temperatures. The flow of the energy is from the object of higher temperature to the object of lower temperature. The heat is measured in units of energy, usually calories or joules. Temperature on the other hand, is how cold or hot an object is. The temperature is the average kinetic energy per molecule of a substance. This is measured in degrees on the Celsius or Fahrenheit or in Kelvins.