Unit 3 Growth & Heredity Final Exam Review & Study Guide

2. Indicate on your pedigree chart the individuals who are carriers by shading half of each circle or square.

Carbohydrates: any of a class of organic compounds that are polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones, or change to such substances on simple chemical transformations, as hydrolysis, oxidation, or reduction, and that form the supporting tissues of plants and are important food for animals and people.

Surface Tension: The measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid.

1. Suppose two Dd birds mate. What percentages of DD, Dd, and dd offspring would you predict? Use the Punnett square at right to help determine your answer.

B, E 11. E Read the Diagram 1. A 2. B 3. B 4.

Once the Punnett square for Question 12 is complete, calculate the ratio of purple and yellow kernels (recall that if the dominant trait is present, it will be expressed).

_________ brings DNA gene segments together and cuts at the ends of the heptamers. __________ adds N-nucleotides randomly to the ends of the P-nucleotides.

B) Covalent bonds bind the atoms to each other in an organic molecule (Open Learning Initiative, 2015, pg.63).

Apply your understanding of how alleles assort and combine during reproduction to evaluate a scenario involving a monohybrid cross.

Now you have determined some facts about the grounded allele and the trait that it causes. Given what you know, do you expect the mutant F1 flies to be homozygous or heterozygous for the allele that causes the grounded trait? According to your reasoning, if you mated two mutant F1 flies, what percentage of flies would you expect to be wild type versus mutant in the F2 progeny? Draw a Punnett square of this cross to justify your answer.

This lab had 2 exercises. Exercise 9.1 involved observing pictures of 60 F2 offspring and recording the phenotypes for 6 different traits. Exercise 9.2 required us to perform the “chi-square test” to determine whether the data we collected matches the standard Mendelian ratio.

You are also provided with a heterozygous female, and a homozygous recessive male for a genetic cross. In this particular female, all the dominant alleles are on one chromosome, and the recessive counterparts are on the other homologous chromosome. Due to a chromosomal condition, in the female no recombination occurs between the M and N loci. Normal recombination occurs between the L and M loci. Diagram this cross, and show the genotypes and frequencies of all offspring expected from this cross.

Using the Hardy-Weinberg equation, calculate the predicted genotype frequencies for each population scenario below. Place your calculations and data in the space provided below. Once you have calculated the frequencies, answer the conclusion questions for each one. Please remember that all calculations must be shown for full credit.

Explain why DNA is so important to organisms (what does DNA do inside of a cell? If scientists figure out the structure of DNA, why would this be important for the health of the organism?)

5) Find at least one outside source related to your answer for Q3 and Q4 (e.g. the genome project for DNA- do not use this example in your paper since it is provided for you).