Unit 5 - P1,P2,P3

There are many parts of a cell, they all have specific duties, and are all

Lysosomes – Lysosomes act as the digestive system of the cell. They are found in all parts of the cell. There are very powerful enzymes within lysosomes.

The main function of the Endoplasmic Reticulum is to produce, store and transport proteins and lipid to most of the cell organelles. The Endoplasmic Reticulum is a large organelle that looks like sheets of folded membranes.

The body has two faces, the cis face which fuses with incoming transport vesicles, and the trans face which excretes the secretory vesicles. The cis face fuses with vesicles coming from the ER effectively from many directions due to its convex shape, whereas the concave trans face can direct the secretory vesicles to their destination. When fusing with the cis face, the transport vesicles release their proteins to be absorbed for modification. Each cisternal layer of the Golgi body holds different enzymes which each modify the passing proteins in separate ways. Between the layers the proteins are moved through the gaps by small vesicles. When a protein has been modified correctly, it leaves the Golgi body via secretory vesicles which then carry the modified proteins to the cell membrane or another organelle. The proteins that are transported to the cell membrane are either excreted from the cell, or absorbed into the membrane to aid with its function. Some of the secretory vesicles which hold hydrolytic enzymes stay within the cytoplasm and function as lysosomes.

The function of the Golgi apparatus is to modify, sort, and package proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum for storage in the cell or secretion outside the cell.

The rough endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle that plays a large role in synthesising and proteins. This is an important process called protein synthesis. (Plant Cell Anatomy, n.d.)

The golgi complex is a structure composed of flattened sacs known as cisternae. It is involved in the modification and packaging of proteins, the manufacturing of lysosomes and transport of products via vesicles. (Bailey, R, 2013)

The golgi packages and modifies proteins. The golgi is like Post Office because the post office packages mail and sends it places. The lysosome digests and gets rid of wastes. It

A third structure contained in all three types of cells is the ribosome. Ribosomes are spherical in shape and are made up of RNA and protein. They are often found on the endoplasmic reticulum. Ribosomes are important in the manufacturing of proteins and are the site at

The ER makes lipids, breaks down and packages proteins for the Golgi complex. The Golgi Complex processes and transports and proteins out the cell. (Nnpdf.org, 2016)

SMS and cells also both have a “golgi apparatus.” The function of the golgi apparatus is to modify, package, and sort proteins. This is similar to the job of the secretary. The secretary sorts and packages mail for the

The mitochondria is known as the “power house” of a cell that functions at the site of respiration. Within the inner membrane, ATP synthesis occurs which provides energy to the cell and it other parts. Without function of a mitochondria, a cell would die; it has no energy to repair itself, has no energy to transport molecules across the membrane, transport nutrients, send signals to other cells, or any other processes. Metabolism, release of energy, movement, or forming new nucleotides would not occur simply because energy is not available.

Endomembrane System- is a system of membrane based organelles within the eukaryotic cell that are either in direct contact with each other or communicate through the use of vesicles. A primary role this system plays in intracellular processes is treatment and transport of proteins. The membranes and organelles include the nuclear envelope, the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, and peroxisomes.

Many cells are filled with a complex network of tube like things known as the endoplasmic reticulum. The endoplasmic

The two largest compartment that can be found in the eukaryotic cells are the inner region of the endoplasmic reticulum is the cisternal space and outside of it is called the cytosol which dissolved organic molecules such as proteins and ions. There are two different types of ER: rough ER and smooth ER. Rough ER cannot be seen through light microscopes. The proteins that being made are exported from the cell, sent to lysosomes or vacuoles or placed in the plasma membrane. In this ER the proteins can be changed into glycoproteins and it is made to separate itself from other products and package it into vesicles that moves to the golgi for transportation. Smooth ER is used to store intracellular Ca2+. Also, it is responsible for the modification of random substances to purify it from being poisonous, in other words it is used for