Urban Population And Urban Development

From 1890 to 1920, cities in the United States experienced a rapid growth that was unprecedented in years previous. This growth was caused by a number of factors and resulted in both positive and negative consequences. Such factors included, industrialization, technological advances, migration and immigration. Although American cities greatly improved by the expeditious urbanization, these factors also developed numerous challenges including pollution, sanitation problems, a need for environmental reform, political corruption, overcrowding, high crime rates and segregation.

The populist governments, seen in the 1950’s and 1960’s in South America, spurred industrial growth and a sense of “consciousness” amongst the inhabitants of the Latin American countries. The industrial growth greatly benefited the middle-class and the working-class; however, the poor were driven into shantytowns and rural areas. To illustrate the great poverty of this time in Latin America, people living in “shantytowns” resided in vast settlements built of cardboard and other available materials such as metal and sheets of plastic. These “towns” frequently lacked proper sanitation. One could imagine how living in these shantytowns would degrade the human spirit and foster a sense of worthlessness. The abrupt shift in the social classes

All in all the industrial revolution had a positive effect on society, accomplishing things many do not realize and creating a turn of events that would put the USA as the world power. New farming methods meant better diets, which lead to lower death rates. Efficient and useful inventions, as well as machinery, made it easier for people to work, and made more job opportunities, as well as enjoyment in the workplace. More and easier ways of travel became commonplace, such as railroads. In addition, as cities began to grow, streetlights provided safety at night, and our economy grew greatly. While some might argue that Industrialization had primarily negative consequences for society because it caused children to be used as workers and made school

Midyear Essay Rewrite The expansion of trade led to the urbanization of Europe in the late Middle Ages through the development of towns, guilds, and the rise of education. Urbanization is the process by which cities form and expand. As trade expanded, a city's popularity could grow and more merchants would want to travel there to receive more business and customers.

Between the 18th century and the end of the Industrial Revolution, English cities began to see a rapid increase in urbanization and development. Great Britain, proud to show their economic splendor, hosted the Great Exhibition of 1851. This was a showcase of British industrial power, and was the first of a chain of World Fairs that let the wealthier countries show their wealth for all to see. It can be seen on document six, a map of the city of Manchester, that between 1750 and 1850 there was massive growth, industrialization, and restructuring including new railroads and canals. Document 8, an excerpt from Manchester in 1844, describes how the town of Hyde only had 800 total residents at the beginning of the 19th century, while in 1843 there

Sao Paulo is Brazil’s financial center and is well-known for its breathtaking views, its abundant cultural institutions and for their rich architectural scene. However, there are many negative issues that are ravaging the lives of the citizens in this city. For starters, Sao Paulo has terribly congested traffic, a significant amount of crime and gang violence, a lack of quality in the medicine-health field, a high amount of air pollution, and also water shortages. However, these are not the biggest of their obstacles. Sao Paulo’s most pressing issue of the moment is the informal housing that is plaguing the city. This essay will first analyze Sao Paulo, Brazil’s informal housing issue, then will compare Sao Paulo’s unique obstacle to similar

“Gentrification” captures class disparities and injustices created by capitalist urban land markets and policies. This in turn can cause an increasing house expense encumbrance for low-income and working-class households, and the associated personal catastrophes of displacement, removal, and homelessness, are symptoms of a set of institutional arrangements (private property rights and a free market) that support the creation of urban environments to serve the needs of capital accumulation at the expense of the social needs of home, community, family. Displacement from home and neighbourhood can be a shattering experience. At worst it leads to homelessness, at best it impairs a sense of community. Public policy should, by general agreement,

Released in 2002, the movie “City of God” presents a number of key urban planning issues that a developing country might experience. The film seeks to illuminate several ideas related to the development of slums and the type of life associated with such areas, as well as urban crime and gangs. This film clearly illuminates the issues associated with government or public housing and the social networks that come up when people do not have a private space. The effects of limited living space are increased crime and the development of local governments that run parallel to the legal units set up in the country. A discussion of the urban planning issues arising from this film will follow, in light of the issues raised by Suketu Mehta in the article

Since the earliest days of our history, cities have served as the center for economic activity, social diversity, and religious inquiry. As renowned sociologist Joel Kotkin would say, cities are sacred, safe, and busy. When we look at the modern city, we see these concepts in action. Today, cities are defined by mass populations surrounding and creating major centers of commerce and economic activity. This density creates a diverse social climate in which fosters creativity and conversation, which can often times feed into the religious historical significance of cities. This density brings along with it a whole host of issues and various challenges that must be faced by the community in which they involve. One such issue is the idea of socio- economical inequality that comes as a result of dense populations sharing the same resources within a certain area. Within any community there are limited resources, and one such resource within a city is that of land and property availability. Gentrification, or the process in which developers purchase cheap properties to turn them over into more expensive and desirable assets, is a common practice in modern cities in the effort to reclaim some of this precious resource. In looking at the city of Chicago in the United States as well as the city of Lisbon in Portugal, I will

Guerilla warfare and drug gangs in the “favelas of Brazil” pushed many families to emigrate to the United States and Canada; separating families (“Latin America” 3). The people of Latin America love pursuing human contact, so those families that did stay found themselves in the cites. That is because opportunity lied in the city, and no longer on the country-side; therefore, leading to a constant flow of people from rural to urban areas. The author says, “In Latin America, urban culture was not created by industrial growth; it predated it” (“Latin America” 4).

Favelas are where approximately 11.4 of the 190 million of Brazils’ population resides. Favelas are typically built when squatters (a person who unlawfully occupies an uninhabited building or unused land) occupy vacant land at the edge of a city and construct shacks of salvaged or stolen materials. These areas are known to be areas with crime and extreme poverty; the people who live there are socially outcasted and are usually ignored by upper class citizens. These areas are home to the people who cannot afford to live in cities like Rio de Jainero or São Paolo, because of the raising housing costs. The heavily populated areas lack infrastructure, so citizens are forced to improvise plumbing and electricity. It is easy to provide these

Urbanization is likely to be one of the defining phenomena of the 21st Century for Latin America as well as the rest of the developing world. The world as a whole became more urban than rural sometime in 2007, a demographic change that was driven by rapid urbanization in the developing countries. For the Latin American region, this

In Puebla, Mexico, along with many other places, the idea of gentrification in neoliberal times is intertwined with the importance of culture representation and recognition. In Mexican cities, the culture of the city took priority over how ‘valuable’ it was economically. In Puebla, early gentrification caused an uproar from lower class citizens because they thought it was the upper classes response to the perception of the centre as being ‘popular’, Indian, and having lost all of its ‘dignity’. The inhabitants of the city were infuriated at how little attention was being given to the barrios “which were, after all, the ‘natural’ space for the popular class and represented as indigenous even though this was inaccurate of their ethno-demography”(Lees,

According to Fernando N. Winfield Reyes, author of On the Diffusion of Modernist Urban Models, “the way in which Modernist urban models are known, interpreted, and adapted to practice to meet social needs also enticed attempts to construct a cultural identity, regarded as both “modern” and “Mexican”” (2). This issue is critical in the understanding of the multiple urban projects that occurred and were developed in Mexico during the post-revolutionary era and how that led to social change and growing capitalist mentality of the country. In comparison to the outcomes of developing countries, such as France and Great Britain, who also used similar urban modernist models, by using these

A Slum refers to informal settlements within urban areas or cities. The informal settlements depict inadequate housing and miserable condition with reference to living standards (Meade p 43). In the slums, numerous individuals seek housing facilities within small living spaces. The slums also lack basic local authority services such as sanitation, collection of waste, water, drainage systems, street lighting, and emergency roads. Most slums also lack schools, hospital, and public places that might offer adequate environment for social amenities. The experience of France illustrates the essence of slums within the modern society (Oberti p 58). Crime and unemployment are on the rise within the slums because of the poor