Urban Population Of Ethiopia And Its Socio Economic And Environmental Consequences Essay

During the late 1960s, the environmental movement focused mostly on public health and industrial themes. During this time of initial modern development, it received little attention from the champions of the social movements of the times such as civil rights and women’s equality. Most of the emphasis on environmental matters in these early years came from environmentally driven sociologists such as Paul Goodman, Murray Boochkin, and Herbert Marcuse. Many were exhilarated to become the heads of ecologically based institutions that would fight against government and corporation ecological mistreatments. Often times they would research and issue articles that pointed out abuses that directly affected the common household such as Boochkin’s “The Problems of Chemicals in Foods.” This type of research pointed out new types of environmental issues that either did not exist or did not matter before World War II and just now became identified. These types of papers had a message that reached everybody not just select individuals like many of the previous issues such as water management, and land

In the first two centuries of U.S. history was a widespread environmental destruction. In the 19th century there were four people who played a key role in protecting the environment; Henry Thoreau, John Audubon, George Marsh, and President Theodore Roosevelt. The modern environmental movement was in the 19th century Europe and North America as they exposed the cost of environmental negligence. Rachel Carson a Marie Biologist wrote a book in the 1960’s

Urbanization brings about a new set of problems to the environment. These problems include air pollution and land pollution. As new builds and roads are built the ability of soil to absorb

Ethiopia is a strong, diverse country located in the eastern region of Africa also known as the “Horn of Africa”. The land area is 1,221,900 square kilometers and is relatively close to the Arabian Sea and the Red Sea. It has a population of 90M with 28% below the poverty line and an unemployment rate of 25%. Almost half of the population is under the age of 18. Economy is mostly based on

With the advent of globalization and industrialization, urban migration and expansion of cities have become a global trend. South American nations are amongst being most rapid urbanized countries. As more people migrate to urban areas in search of better work opportunities, the cities here are growing in size and number (Ferguson & Navarrete, 2003). This problem is native to not just Latin American countries but is a major concern for most of the developing world. As estimated by the UN (United Nations, 2016), 3 billion people or about 40% of the world population would be living in substandard housing as a result of urban expansions and population growth. This is perceived to be a direct impact of rapid urbanization and excessive strain on

Now that I’ve talked about Liberia let’s move on to Ethiopia. Ethiopia has an area of 1,104,296 sq, km. and 426,37. In 2016 the Ethiopian population was 102.4 million. Like Liberia, Ethiopian has a growth population rate of 2.5%.

If the population of the United States grows from 325 million to 400 million over the next 35 years, we will see a greater population in urban areas and the rural areas will turn into cities: “The urban population of developing regions will grow rapidly as people migrate from rural to existing urban areas and transform rural settlement into cities ”. More people and more and larger cities will increase the demand for natural resources.

Humans have evolved immensely throughout centuries and the trend toward urbanization is a worldwide phenomenon that impacts the environment, economy and various aspects of human life. In America before the 18th century, manufacturing was done by hand using homemade tools and basic machinery, the industrialization of America led to an increase of immigration and an influx of people drawn to cities where new economic opportunities were available. “Urbanization is the process by which town and cities are formed and become larger as more people begin living and working in central areas”. It occurs casually from individual and corporate efforts to reduce expense in commuting and transportation. The level and growth of urbanization differs by region

The level and growth of urbanization differ considerably by region. Among different countries, Latin American countries have the highest portion of the people that live in the country living in urban areas. But the south and the east of Asia are the most likely to have the most urbanized area over the next 30 years. Almost all of future world population growth will be in towns and cities. Urbanization is a powerful force of human nature because as they move, the climate shifts with them. The more humans in one area make more pollution in that one area because of all the Homo sapiens living there. “In 1800 only about 2 percent of the world's population lived in urban areas. Until a century ago, urban areas were some of the unhealthiest places for people to live. The increased density of populations in urban areas led to the rapid spread of infectious diseases. Consequently, death rates in urban areas historically were higher than in rural areas. The only way urban areas maintained their existence until recently was by the continual in-migration of rural people.”(prb.org,

Urban sprawl is the rapid expansion in urban areas and includes the migration of the population shifting from rural areas to urban. According to research from the David Suzuki foundation, 80% of the canadian population now lives in urban areas. There are many factors and causes that contribute to why this urbanization and rapid change is occurring. Many of the reasons include the desire to live in the city where there are better living conditions, more job and education opportunities. Also, the lack of planning a city more efficiently is one of the most common reasons for urban sprawl. The more the population grows, the more trouble it begins to have on the people and environment. Urban sprawl comes with many direct and indirect negative effects. The overpopulation of humans means the more use of vehicles, which causes issues like air and water pollution, which has severe effects on the environment and human health. The overconsumption of water is also very serious issue that is linked to the over population and growth in urban areas. The number of people living in an area affects how much water is being consumed and how much of that water is being used efficiently. Lastly, the use of more land due to the high demand of development, and that affecting the wildlife and nature.

By the 1970’s, Social activism had become the norm as the population became less satisfied with the actions of the government and the consequences they were having. People where tired of young men being killed in a far off war and the shady start of that war caused fresh distrust in the government. This social turmoil and political activism lead to progressive movements sweeping the country. The movement on the forefront being environmentalism. Rachel Carson’s book Silent Spring, opened the eyes of many people to the idea that mans actions could have far reaching consequences on the environment and jeopardized the planets future and future generations. Organizations built up that popularized the environmental movement and what was once a movement of eccentrics and hippies made it to the mainstream as the first Earth Day on April 22nd 1970 became a national phenomenon. The first Earth Day happened at a pivotal moment as many consider 1970 to be the height of the counterculture movement and this massive flow of angst and energy caused a large shift in the political and scientific priorities of America. Just eight months after that historic even, Richard Nixon proposed the formation of the environmental protection agency on

Ethiopia considered to be one of the most under-developed, highest poverty level, and one of the fastest growing countries in the world with a growth rate of 3.02%. It’s one of the largest landlocked countries in the continent of Africa. According to United Nations projections, Ethiopia is the 13th most populous country. It’s the second largest country in Africa. In addition Ethiopia filled with a rich culture and heritage. It’s the home of various ethnicities, and religious. Islam and Christianity are the most practiced religious in Ethiopia. There are eighty-six known indigenous language in Ethiopia,

Many small town dwellers and villagers had left their hometown for the cities in search of higher standard of living. This movement from rural areas to big cities is called urbanization (Boundless, 2015). As a result, urbanization is the process by which there is an increase in the number and the percentage of people living in the urban settlements and the amount of industrialization of the settlement. In Belize statistics shows that 45% of the population lives in urban areas (Population Reference Bureau, 2014). It also refers to the increase in the size of land area occupied by urban settlements such as towns and cities. Although urbanization has brought about numerous positive impacts, it also has its share of disadvantages as well. The negative impacts of urbanization shall be discussed by means of the economic, environmental and social aspect.

Excessive land use and urban development are a problem, because it causes pollution and it robs animals of their homes.  When man extends his boundaries into nature, nature has no choice but to go somewhere else.  Expansion and population are the cause of this environmental problem.  I propose to set a standard for land development for every city.  In that I also propose that each city should impose a set number of persons to live in that city.  Each city must impose stricter guidelines for waste management.  Finally I propose that the city set limits for development, and expansion.

The environmental challenges the world is facing today are greater and more complex than ever before. Soon over 9 billion people will inhabit and share the planet, increasing demands for natural resources such as food and water, and for energy and more infrastructure are pushing nature to its limits. Urbanization continues to increase with no indication of stopping anytime soon, which means that the world needs to begin planning and supporting a more sustainable growth of the worlds cities. Through the incorporation of nature into city planning, sprawling urban areas can be transformed into healthy and thriving environments that many people want to reside in. Nature can aid cities in more effectively and efficiently managing their waters, as the fastest growing sources of water pollution are derived from waste water and runoff. Implementing properly designed green space within cities can help manage the amount of runoff from city streets and buildings entering clean waterways, and “upstream natural areas can potentially save cities millions of dollars in drinking water treatment” (“The Biggest Environmental Challenges”). Street trees can reduce air pollution and provide shade thus reducing and absorbing heat in urban areas, this can potentially save lives through the reduction particles in the air that cause respiratory issues and heat related ailments.