Urban Transport Problems And Environmental Problems

Mr. Davis offers so much statistical information in his chapters that, at times, it felt like he was just reciting list after endless list. Perhaps if the book had been set up with a list of essential questions and each chapter designed as a case study to explore those questions for a specific city, the book would not have been as difficult to follow. "Planet of Slums" does offer a good introduction to megacities and all the problems that come along when urban areas spread into rural areas, and I would recommend this book to anyone looking for a good survey of the

Rapid urbanisation has caused a variety of problems, including transport congestion, lack of sufficient homes and living conditions, sanitary and health care issues, and crime. For all these problems, city planners have attempted potential solutions, each with varying degrees of success. Cities including London, Manila and Mumbai have several of the aforementioned problems, and have each tried their own potential solutions. This essay will discuss how successful these schemes have been in resolving these issues.

Task #1 : Analyse the impacts of at least two urban dynamics operating in a large city of the developed world.

Bigio, G and Dahiya, B, (2004) “Urban Environment and Infrastructure towards Livable Cities.” The World Bank, USA.

It is estimated that over 50% of the world’s population now lives in urban areas and that this will rise to 70% by 2050. Such a change will

The world population is expected to increase by 38% in the next 35 years. That is an increase from 6.9 billion in 2010 to 9.6 billion in 2050. The U.S. population is projected to grow by 89 million residents from 2010 to 2050 and reach 401 million (Kochhar). This large increase in population will put a major strain on industries to keep up with rising demands for the basics of life; food, water, and shelter. Which industry will be hit the hardest? Agriculture. The agriculture industry is responsible for feeding the world. As the population grows they will have to maximize yields of their crops while continuing to produce top quality products desired by all citizens.

In some poor countries, people usually have lots of children in an individual family, and the children can cost a lot of money, due to education, medicine, and nutrition. The family don't have enough money or resources to pay for their children, and then the children can easily become criminals and cause social problems. Overpopulation in a city or a country can cause the people to be unable to find a job and end up unemployed. In the nineteenth or early twentieth century in Europe, people who can not find a good job, went to their colonies such as, America and Asia. Nowadays, the people who are in the poor country can only go to the city. Then huge numbers of people come to the city, and everyone need food, water, and a place that they can live. The needs of the city growing rapidly. However, the natural resources are limited in some countries like China, India, and Pakistan and they do not have enough high-quality resources to support their vast population. As people are using more natural resources, they are also increasing the emission of the pollution. These caused the environmental burden. And the environmental problem is related with the population increasing. As long as the population increases, greater environmental challenges are to

In this ted talk by Parag Khanna, How Megacities are changing the map of the world. The main theme of the talk is about how global networking civilizations in which the cities are now been compete more than the borders. This means that we are now moving into the a world where technologies has taken place in most of our cities, for example the way the infrastructural development and hyper-connected cities are rising to the top more than the state(page 12.10) due to the rapid growing of the people moving to the cities.

If the population of the United States grows from 325 million to 400 million over the next 35 years, we will see a greater population in urban areas and the rural areas will turn into cities: “The urban population of developing regions will grow rapidly as people migrate from rural to existing urban areas and transform rural settlement into cities ”. More people and more and larger cities will increase the demand for natural resources.

Asian cities have been tended to grow more quickly than Western cities, so what makes their growth so phenomenal? The accelerated rate may be attributed to population dynamics, economic markets and or/socio-political conditions, poor planning and disregarding environmental hazards like flood plains have held them back. Many primate cities in Asia have grown to become megacities, and some more are rapidly increasing in size to assume such a status by the end of the century. This is a remarkable phenomenon fraught with various implications, favorable or unfavorable. In 1960 there were only two megacities in the region, which were, Tokyo and Shanghai. In 1970 Beijing was added, and Asia had three of 10 megacities in the world, or two of five

A megacity is a relatively new term that stands to be defined. A megacity is more elaborate than an average city in my areas of interest. It exceeds the characteristics of an average city in population, infrastructure, culture, and poverty. Although megacities may look rather attractive to an individual that resides in a rural area, megacities come with their own set of advantages and disadvantages. They may seem like modern day utopias yet they also have their flaws. Even so, megacities have dominated this planet and we can surely predict the growth of more megacities to come.

It became “virtual” and turned the real architectural landscape of the city into the collection of spaces and ties between them. The city space started to exist in the global environment, where the distance between two continents can be overcome in shorter time than the distance between two neighbouring areas that have traffic jam. A modern city that preserves the features of its cultural identity and combines them with the progressive technologies of life organization has the biggest chances to become attractive for the citizens and compete for the best of them with other global

Corruption, negligence and irresponsibility of the civil management have contributed to the continued spread of the slum in the city of Lagos.

Urbanization causes financial problems to the overwhelming majority of the people. This is because problems with money are widespread in urban areas. First of all, urbanization leads to the extreme growth of unemployment. For instance, as reported by the International Labour Organization, International unemployment rose to 210 million people in 2010 (David & Vicente 2012, p.154). According to David & Vicente (2012, p.156) vast amounts of unemployment results in human resources not being used efficiently across cities which cause social inequality. This evidence shows that urbanization causes unemployment. Urbanization leads to significant overpopulation in the central cities, which causes high competition and as a result lower job opportunities for most people in the labor market. As businesses and governments cannot produce enough jobs to meet the demand of a fast-growing population, a lot of individuals are faced with a shortage of employment and deprived of a vital source of income. As a result, lack of revenue leads to inequality in society. Secondly, urbanization leads to a lack of affordable housing for the overwhelming majority of urban people. According to Gan (et al., 2017, p.427) in the forthcoming future, the global urban population will reach around 6.3 billion people in 2050, and about 94% of them will be in developing countries. Furthermore, approximately 828 million people from developing countries currently live in inadequate housing and this number will rise

Cities are places which have huge amount of gathering of people, collection of economic activities and complex infrastructure for people which all together are supported by transport systems.