Urinary Tract Infection: A Case Study

The study looked at 319 women who were all college students. All had recently had a bladder infection. Half took only 8 ounces of cranberry juice every day. The other half took a drink that looked and tasted similar, but contained no cranberry juice. They found that about 20 percent of women who received cranberry juice had a second infection within 6 months, while only 14 percent of those taking the juice not repeated infection. It is believed that the ineffectiveness could be due to the small amount of juice was provided. Since in studies where capsules have been used or larger amounts cranberry juice results it has been positive for the treatment of

T.M. was admitted to the sub-acute unit for an UTI. UTI is usually cause by an organism called Escherichia coli. Risk factors for UTI in males can be bladder stones, kidney stones, an enlarge prostate, catheter use, or bacterial prostatitis. Some of the symptoms of UTI are burning sensation when urinating, frequent urination, fever, chills, foul smelling urine, urine retention, and lethargy. T.M. has a diagnosis of BPH and repeated history of UTI which increase his risk for UTI. A short-term goal will be that the patient will be display no UTI sign of symptoms. A long-term goal will be that the patient will demonstrate behavioral techniques to prevent future UTI. To accomplish these goals, the patient should be encouraged to void every 2 to

Nearly 1 in 3 women will have had at least 1 episode of UTI requiring antimicrobial therapy by the age of 24 years. Specific subpopulations at increased risk of UTI include infants, pregnant women, the elderly, patients with spinal cord injuries and/or catheters, patients with diabetes or multiple sclerosis, patients with acquired immunodeficiency disease syndrome/human immunodeficiency virus, and patients with underlying urologic abnormalities. There are important medical and financial implications associated with UTIs. In the nonobstructed, nonpregnant female adult, acute uncomplicated UTI is believed to be a benign illness with no long-term medical consequences. However, UTI elevates the risk of pyelonephritis, premature delivery, and fetal mortality among pregnant women, and is associated with impaired renal function and end-stage renal disease among pediatric

Clinically UTIs are subdivided into two main categories, uncomplicated and complicated. An uncomplicated UTI is defined as one occurring in a generally healthy, nonpregnant premenopausal woman with a structurally and neurologically normal urinary tract. This type can undoubtedly be treated with antimicrobials, but developing antimicrobial resistances make treatments progressively troublesome (Wanget al., 2013).

The treatment for having a urinary tract infection is to first treat the infection with antibiotics. Then the physician will order a bacterial sensitivity test. This test will help the physician to determine the most effective type of antibiotic treatment will be effective to fight the infection. Symptoms usually

Foxman and Buxton (2013) took a more direct approach to the issue to study the alternative methods to the treatment of acute uncomplicated UTI in women. The authors reviewed recent literature, to identify new and practical strategies for preventing recurrences and found that nonpharmaceutical therapies should have high priority. Their comparison of the pharmaceutical and nonpharmaceutical treatments for acute lower uncomplicated UTI helped to add more useful information to Hooton’s study and to show the effectiveness of both therapies.

Good hygiene is very critical for maintaining optimal urinary health. Urinary tract infections are typically treated with antibiotics. The type of drug used and the duration mainly depends on the type of bacteria that is found in your urine. Antibiotics are drugs that help fight bacterial infections. If you have a simple (uncomplicated) infection you will most likely receive the antibiotics in the form of a pill. If you have a more serious blood infection then it will be administered intravenously (through a vein). Bactrim and Cipro are commonly prescribed antibiotics, due to their ability to help get rid of certain bacteria that are common to urinary tract infections. Other drugs such as Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, Levofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin,

In most patients a UTI is caused from a bacteria that will be treated with antibiotics. For patient with lower tract UTI they will be fine taking antibiotics but for patients with an upper tract UTI those patients will need intravenous antibiotics. Although most people think that by drinking cranberry juice it can reverse the effect of a UTI it can't but it can help to prevent from having a recurrent UTI in the future. Common medications can expect to get are Bactrim, Keflex, Macrobid, Monurol. Ways to prevent from getting frequent UTI's are drink plenty of water, cranberry juice, wipe from front to back, avoid certain feminine products, alter birth

Bacterial urinary tract infections represent the most common type of nosocomial infections. Often, the ability of bacteria to both establish and maintain these infections are directly related to biofilm formation on indwelling devices or within the urinary tract itself (30). Enterococci (especially E. faecalis) are one of the main causative agents of urinary tract infection and Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) besides gram-negative pathogens (31, 32). In these infections Biofilm provides a favorable milieu for microbial survival within the host as the organisms are shielded from the host immune response, as well as antibiotics and antimicrobial agents (33, 34). Several studies conducted to introduce main virulence genes of enterococci that are associated with biofilm formation in these bacteria (11, 13,-17), but virulence mechanism and related genes for biofilm formation are not well understood (35). In this study we investigated biofilm formation of clinical enterococci isolates isolated from Urinary tract infections. These strains were characterized for presence of adhesions and secretory virulence factors. Isolates had diverse presence of virulence from lack to highest amount of virulence genes. Several previous studies investigated relation of virulence genes and biofilm formation, especially presence of esp and gel. Enterococci esp has been implicated as a contributing factor in colonization and persistence of infection within the urinary tract

A review of his medical record indicates that he suffers chronic urinary tract infection with retention. He has a suprapubic catheter in place. On 1/8/17 he was ordered UA, C&S due to hematuria. He has new onset depression and was started on Cymbalta by his PCP in December. He suffers from chronic pain due to his arthritis and osteoporosis. He also suffers from co-morbidities of HTN-chronic and stable, anemia-chronic, Rheumatoid arthritis which is chronic and CHF-chronic.

Urinary tract infection refers to the presence of microbial pathogens within the urinary tract and can be divided into uncomplicated and complicated depending upon the anatomical and pathophysiological elements of the urinary tract. Infection of the intact, normally functional tract is usually classified as uncomplicated infection. When there is urinary tract abnormalities such as an obstruction, or the patient is predisposed to the infection, it is referred to as complicated [4]. UTI is usually classified by the site of infection (infection of the bladder, cystitis; infection of the kidney, pyelonephritis; or of the urine, bacteriuria) [4]. Uropathogens are likely to colonize anatomical and functional urinary tract, however, individuals with

Reading your post this week brought back memories of me working in the intensive care unit (ICU). Your example of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) was way too familiar. Catheter-associated urinary tract infections are the most common healthcare-associated infection, and a cause of significant morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients (Stenzelius, Laszlo, Madeja, Pessah-Rasmusson, & Grabe, 2016). The ICU's in that particular hospital used to have monthly comparisons in the frequency of newly diagnosed CAUTI to evaluate what each unit was doing to prevent CAUTI.

For centuries urinary tract infections caused by tiny microscopic organisms have been a very common medical issue that millions of women and some men have had to endure. In fact according to the NIH “8.1 million visits to healthcare providers each year” are specifically for UTIs. It is hard to believe that these minor infections still exist today due to the astonishing technological advancements in the medical field. If UTIs are not treated they can result in serious kidney infections, which can cause permanent damage such as kidney scars, hypertension or poor kidney function. Treatments such as antibiotics are still needed to ward off unwanted bacteria, viruses or fungi the body cannot flush out naturally.

UTIs (urinary tract infections) are the most common bacterial infection disease encountered in acute care settings and accounts for significant morbidity, mortality, length of stay and high medical costs (Nicolle, 2014).

Bacteria that enter the urinary tract causes infection that usually do not present any symptoms. The antioxidants in blueberries prevent these bacteria from binding the bladder tissue and repairs the damage done to the urinary tract.