Using Clostridium botulinum as a Biological Weapon Essay examples

Biological warfare is war waged with deadly chemicals, biological agents, or radioactive materials (CBR). They can be used to kill large amounts of people, destroy food, or just temporarily stun them for a matter of time so troops can come in and torture them or do whatever troops led by an manipulative tyrant who destroys everything. Using CBR, allowed you to kill everything and leave the buildings standing instead of nuclear weapons which destroy everything, put fallout in the air, and have radioactive materials wash into the ground and streams. Using deadly chemicals in war has been going on since the early 1900’s during World War I (1914-1918). Chemicals such as tear gas, chlorine gas, phosgene, and mustard gas. The first 3 are things

During the plague a lot of people died. In Source B, it states, the plague spread fast because of trade.  The plague went all over the place because when people were trading some people had the plague and then gave it to the people they were trading with. Once someone got it, they would get very sick.  The first thing that would happen is they will get a very bad fever. Next, they would start coughing very badly. Then, they would start bleeding in the inside of their body's. After that, the blood will start going on the outside of their body's. Sooner or later they would die.  In agreement

The first major bioterror event in the United States--the anthrax attacks in October 2001--was a clarion call for scientists who work with "hot" agents to find ways of protecting civilian populations against biological weapons. In The Demon in the Freezer, his first nonfiction book since The Hot Zone, a #1 New York Times bestseller, Richard Preston takes us into the heart of Usamriid, the United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases at Fort Detrick, Maryland, once the headquarters of the U.S. biological weapons program and now the epicenter of national biodefense.

“Canada, France, Germany, Japan, Soviet Union and the United Kingdom were among many countries that investigated how to wage biological war.” (pg. 38) Some of these countries have biological weapons programs and even some biological weapons have been used in the past. A Russian program “known to the Soviets as “the Concern Bioreparat”, supposedly a series of laboratories and plants that manufactured vaccines and other medicinal products, was in fact a vast network of secret cities, production plants of Moscow’s germ effort. Bioreparat studied and perfected germs as weapons. President Richard Nixon’s administration became the “world’s leading advocate for a treaty banning germ warfare. Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention- prohibited the possession of deadly biological agents except for research…for vaccines, detection and protective gear. It was the world’s first treaty to ban an entire class of weapons.” (pg. 63) April 1979, an explosion at a secret military base near Soviet city of Sverdlovsk, sent a cloud of Bacillus anthracis fanning over a nearby village, leaving thousands dead. Although the Soviets, had signed the treaty, they denied allegations that this was “nothing more nefarious than tainted meat.” (pg. 77) During the Gulf War, for example, biological weapons developed by Iraq posed a threat and they might, if fact still pose a threat. While US went in search of nuclear

“Bioterrorism remains a major threat for the United States despite more than $65 billion spent on protecting the country from myriad dangers, the Bipartisan WMD Terrorism Research Center said in its latest report Wednesday. The center's Bio-Response Report Card evaluated U.S. preparedness for countering threats from bioterrorism and found the country remains vulnerable to multiple threats and "largely unprepared for a large-scale bioterrorist attack."”(UPI.com, 2011). There have been over a dozen leading U.S. bio-defense experts that have taken part in figuring out where we are exactly as a county and what the effects of a terroristic attack

These biological agents could be viruses, toxins, bacteria, etc. Agents could be used in war or terrorist attacks. Also, they could be modified to cause extreme diseases and disorders, according to The Center for Disease Control and Prevention. It makes bioterrorism even more tempting to use as it is easy and inexpensive to produce, disseminate and can cause a more widespread panic than other acts of terrorism (1).

Welcome to week 4! This week we are discussing what consequences face the Nation if our chosen threat isn’t adequately addressed and whether we believe that it is being addressed adequately now. Of the six security challenges that are mentioned in the 2014 Quadrennial Homeland Security Review, I have chosen to discuss biological threats. Biological terrorism is a scary prospect that should be a growing concern for the country. The reason for this is the ease at which a bio attack can be put into action. Depending on the level of intricacy of the attack, the effects could be isolated to one area or become a pandemic that spreads across the United States. Bioterrorism comes in many forms but as a general explanation biological

The fear of a Chemical or Biological attack has been a concern to many governments. These attacks, either by state agencies or individuals, have caused loss of life and the United States has not been spared in this forms of attacks.

The Sanitation at the time was very poor. At the time, there were no sewage systems. People did not bathe regularly and people often found themselves drunk or throwing up. This helped the cause of spreading the Bubonic Plague. Citizens would often throw their trash outside and didn't realize that it would alter their lives forever. Many people were not rich at the time, so they got their water from the public fountains that had no filtering systems to clean the water. The Black Death arrived by sea in Europe. Sailors had gone through the Black Sea and when they arrived to their destination, most of the crew had died and the survivors were gravely ill. The symptoms that they experienced were fever, vomiting, diarrhea, aches, pains, and all that lead to the

Bioterrorism can easily target citizens by poisoning food and water supplies. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration a.k.a. OSHA stated that there’s over 250 different foodborne diseases and illnesses, and are often mislabeled as food poisoning. These diseases can be potentially fatal to those inflicted. In the article “A Discussion of Findings and Their Possible Implications from a Workshop on Bioterrorism Threat Assessment and Risk Management”, Bruce Hope states that it’s possible to analyze the agricultural and food industries by making fake scenarios of potential threats. This analysis of America’s system can allow for professionals to better secure food supplies and ensure that bioterrorism is less likely of impacting the population. Defense measures can make these buildings invulnerable, or nearly so (Zilinskas, 906). Another method of defense against bioterrorism is vaccination. According to Rebecca Katz in “Public Health Preparedness: The Best Defense Against Biological Weapons” she argues that vaccination is a plausible method of defense against bioterrorism if necessary. She also states “[vaccines] are part of a preattack defense and a postattack containment” (Katz, 177). These vaccinations can aid people in case of smallpox and anthrax, both of which are viable threats to biosecurity. The article also states that while more research is necessary to improve the currently available vaccines, it’s a necessary component of preparing for bioterrorism. Katz states “In order to avoid chaos during an event, development and dissemination prior to an attack of vaccine priority and distribution plans is essential. These plans should incorporate the best methods for controlling the spread of disease, saving the most lives, and ensuring the utility of

Terrorists would be more likely to utilize a biological weapon over a nuclear weapon against the United States for multiple reasons. The creation process, required funding, and resources needed to obtain possession of a biological weapon, compared to a nuclear weapon, are easier. As stated by Kostadinov and Galabova, “with their features bio-agents are ideal as a terrorists weapons undoubtedly proved by performed bioterrorism assessment” (Kostadinov, 2010, p. 303). The use of a biological weapon is the, for lack of a better term, best choice for terrorists to use against their enemies. The biggest goal they are going for is to inflict the largest amount of fear throughout the population as possible. It is a very scary thing to know that the

Many of the disadvantages of biological weapons use relate to difficulties in executing an attack. For example, it is difficult to protect workers during the processes of production, transportation, and delivery, while immunization maybe ineffective or simply irrelevant. The danger that biological agents can also affect the health of the aggressor forces, the dependence on prevailing winds and other weather conditions on effective dispersion, the effects of temperature, sunlight, and desiccation on the survivability of some infectious organisms. Also the environmental persistence of some agents, such as spore-forming anthrax bacteria, which can make an, area un inhabitable for long periods, the possibility that secondary aerosols of the agent

Bill gates has warned world leaders that Bioterrorism could kill more people than nuclear war, but do we know what bioterrorism is? Bioterrorism also known as biological warfare is defined as use of infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses, germs, fungi or toxins against enemy’s soldiers, civilians, animals or crops as a weapon of war. Small pox viruses and bacterium like Yersinia pestis which causes plague are examples of such biological agents. As with other forms of terrorism, its purposes include the undermining of morale, creating chaos, or achieving political goals These weapons are used for either killing or incapacitating people.. In the past, the weapons employed by nations were more easily recognizable and defendable. For example, surveillance allows missile silos to be detected, and counter-strategies put in place to deal with the launch of the missiles. Microorganisms, however, by virtue of their small size can be readily hidden from detection.

One of the three serious weapons used for mass destruction is biological. Historically, biological weapons are the oldest form of WMD and have been in use since the Medieval Ages. During medieval times corpses were placed on catapults and launched into an enemy 's water or food supply to poison is and cause deadly infections. As far as being used the United States, in 1763 when British officers planned to distribute blankets with smallpox (eku, 2017). In this era the use of biological weapons was new and thought this particular strategy was necessary to win out wars between countries. These horrific attempts were continued during war as generals made it a priority to kill off their enemies and instill

In this regard, the biological threat is greater than a nuclear one. Acquiring deadly pathogens, and turning them into biological weapons by making them human transmissible, has less technological issues than to steal or produce weapons-grade uranium or plutonium and assembling it into an improvised nuclear device. (Vicinanzo, 2015)