Using Conditional Copula to Estimate Value Risk

The idea of “risk” is used in many fields and industries. There has been large efforts made towards the understanding of risk. Since, risk varies so much depending on the field of study, the need for learning about it is warranted. As can be imagined, the importance of risk in a market economy is crucial. In the 1990s, JP Morgan made the Value at Risk (VaR) a central component of its work efforts (Cecilia-Nicoleta, Anne-Marie, & Carmen-Maria, 2011).

increasing w by a small amount. Therefore, Marginal VAR (value at risk) allows risk managers to study the effects of adding or subtracting positions from an investment portfolio. Since value at risk is affected by the correlation of investment positions, it is not enough to consider an individual investment's VAR level in isolation. Rather, it must be compared with the total portfolio to determine what

Risk is defined as the probability that a company will become insolvent and will not be able to meet its obligations when they become due for payment. The profitability versus

The standard deviation is a better measure of risk than the coefficient of variation if the expected returns of the securities being compared differ significantly.

Risk refers to a likelihood, probability, a chance that a loss may occur in a given organization. Most of the times, there is a high risk when there is vulnerability. In this case, vulnerability refers to a weakness that the organization has. Risk assessment refers to the process of identification of potential hazards and proper analysis of the expected losses if those hazards occur (Homeland Security, n.d.). Risk assessment as a way of profiling risk according to impact to the organization. Some organizations have business impact analysis exercises geared towards determination of potential hazards based risk assessment approaches. Organizations’ risk differ depending on the size and the type of business they are doing. The disparity in organizations’ risk call for different adaptation of risk assessment approaches. Even with the disparities of the businesses, proper risk management not only ranks the risks according to the seriousness but also identifies the best methods to control risks in an organization.

The coefficient of variation (CV) is a standardized measure of dispersion about the expected value; it shows the amount of risk per unit of return.

Risk literature often separates 'risk ' from 'uncertainty ', defining the risk as a measurable probability that something will happen, however, even where experts claim they can give an exact probability value to a risk, there is always a possibility that the experts may be wrong (Hansson 2002 p4). In common usage the words 'risk ' and 'uncertainty ' are often synonymous (Lupton 1999 p9)

The given theme has been investigated by us for two years. Thus from abstract work it has developed into scientific research to what the volume of the material we provide testifies.

The focus of this paper, therefore, is to look at the analysis of the book by Kecia Ali. It will look at some of the arguments that she has that leads her to make that conclusion. It will also include evidence to support them and its contributions to similar books in the field.

Defined by Coopers textbook, risk is the exposure to the consequences of uncertainty and has two elements: the likelihood of something happening that has an impact on the project objectives, and the positive or negative consequences of something impacting the project objectives (Cooper, Grey, Raymond, & Walker, 2005)

To reduce a firm’s specific risk or residual risk a portfolio should have negative covariance or rather it should have no variance at all, for large portfolios however calculating variance requires greater and sophisticated computing power. As such, Index models greatly decrease the computations needed to calculate the optimum portfolio. The use of such Index models also eliminates illogical or rather absurd results. The Single Index model (SIM) and the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) are such models used to calculate the optimum portfolio.

The article has been written by Khalil, Cohen, and Schwartz. The main purpose of this paper is to make

There is no single definition of risk. Many insurance authors traditionally have defined risk for uncertainty. A risk is an uncertainty concerning the occurrence of a loss.

Net present value, internal rate of return, and profitability index are measures used to compare two mutually exclusive capital investment proposals. "SAI wants to increase market share and keep up with technology, which can be done by either expanding their existing Digital Imaging market share or by entering the Wireless Communication market," (UoP, 2007). Both alternatives have areas of opportunity as well as potential risks that the company will have to consider. This paper will analyze the investment risk decisions SAI currently faces with the objectives of increasing its market share and keeping pace with technology.

Our assignment topic is “Risk analysis of Stock Market”. To identify the stock market risk we have to do some calculation. In this assignment we choose Coefficient of varience(CV) method We select five banks (Dhaka Bank Ltd., Prime Bank Ltd., Social Islami Bank Ltd., Sahjalal Bank Ltd. and Premium Bank Ltd. ) of financial institution.