Using Garlic Root Tips to Observe Mitosis

     The leptotene. This phase differs only slightly from the early stages of mitosis. Usually are the cells and nuclei of meiotic tissues bigger than that of their neighbouring tissues and often do they seem to be longer and are longitudinally structured. At regular intervals can thickenings be found, like beads on a string: the chromomeres. Their number, size and positioning is constant in each species.

Exercise 3A is a study of mitosis. You will simulate the stages of mitosis by using chromosome models.You will use prepared slides of onion root tips to study plant mitosis and to calculate the relative duration of the phases of mitosis in the meristem of root tissue. Prepared slides of the whitefish blastula will be used to study mitosis in animal cells and to compare animal mitosis and plant mitosis.

In this experiment first the stages of an onion cell undergoing mitosis are going to be observed and every stage is going to be detected and drawn on paper. A brief description to what is going on should be attached to the pictures. This is important to understand the basics of cell division which is necessary growth,repair and asexual reproduction. Second the number of cells undergoing each phase is going to be counted to figure out in which phase the cell remains the most. If interphase is the stage in which the cell grows and prepares for cell division then the

Purpose: The purpose of this lab was to calculate the amount of time that was spent by a cell in each of the phases of mitosis. Also, it is used to be able to compare the process of mitosis between plant and animal cells.

2. In which phases of mitosis are sister chromatids visible, and attached to each other at the centromere?

Although mitosis is just a fraction of time compared to interphase it can be divided into four distinct subphases. If we start viewing a cell under a brightfield microscope right at the end of interphase subphase G2 we would see that throughout the interphase process (fig 1) the cell has grown considerably in size due to production of extra mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. The cell has also gone through the labor of duplicating all of its chromosomes, a process known as DNA synthesis. Now that the cell has made all of these preparations it's time to start prophase (fig 2), the first stage of the mitotic phase. This stage is visibly identified by the chromatin becoming the tightly formed chromosomes. During the lab we were able to view these newly formed chromosomes best on the onion root tip

Find a representative cell for each stage of mitosis on the onion slide and draw a clear diagram of the different phases you observed in the accompanying space. Be sure to draw only what you see, but include all details that are visible. Your drawings will not necessarily look exactly like the ones in Figure 3A, 3B, 3C.

19) The phase of mitosis during which the nuclear envelope fragments and the nucleoli disappear is called

Mitosis is the fourth stage of the cell cycle. It includes two phases mitosis and cytokinesis. Mitosis is the division of the cell's nucleus and all it’s contents. Cytokinesis is the process that divides the cell’s cytoplasm. The stages of the cell cycle and the proteins are all alike in all

[A labelled diagram of the end of the Prophase stage of a cell here would be

Mitosis is one of two main methods of cell replication, the other being meiosis. It is “the simple duplication of a cell and all of its parts” resulting from the splitting of a cell. The ‘parent’ or original cell splits, duplicating its DNA (packaged in chromosomes) producing two ‘daughter’ or new cells with the same genetic code. There are four stages of mitosis; Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase. Interphase is not an official phase of mitosis as the cell is at ‘rest’ and not being divided during this phase. It is often called one of the phases of mitosis as it is one of the stages in the life cycle of a cell; however it is not a phase of mitosis due to the fact that no division takes place.

For this lab I had to prick my finger, then with the bleach solution I had to dab it and then carefully drop the blood on the slide. Once I was finished I had to take the second slide and smear the blood. I had to let the slide dry. Then I had to prick my finger again and make 3 more slides. Then I had to mix the chemical with a toothpick and then look under with the microscope.

Yes, we could locate the various stages of mitosis. The prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase stages were clearly present in the cells.

There were many tiny cells, but they were very hard to see. The cells were dark and clumped together.

The main focus of this lab was to be able to understand the different phases of mitosis and the cell cycle and also identify what those stages may look like. Mitosis is the process in which concerns the production of new cells. For example, when apoptosis(cell death) the process of Mitosis begins to replace the dead cells. To be able to familiarize ourselves with this concept, we took a sample of an onion root and had it put through a process to be able to look at the different phases under the microscope. We found that the majority of the cells were mostly undergoing Interphase or Prophase which are the phases in charge of crossing over of DNA and where the chromosomes then become visible and the nuclear envelope dissipates. The conclusion of this lab was that Mitosis is essential for the production of new cells. In the case of the onion root sample, the cells were damaged leading to the tester to undergo Mitotic cell division and it was found that mainly Interphase and Prophase were the stages that occurred in this lab.