Using Solid Liquid Extraction Of Caffeine From Tea Leaves

Many manufactures release the caffeine content of their products publically, but not always, and new products and flavors are continuously introduced to the market. If quality checks are not performed, manufactures may alter the caffeine and benzoic acid content to suit the demands without public knowledge. To ensure the levels of caffeine and benzoic acid in products do not exceed the established safe limits and to inform the public of the amount of these compounds being consumed, various methods of analysis have been performed. Before the introduction of modern techniques, spectrophotometric methods alone were used to determine concentration of a compound in a mixture.6 The caffeine content in coffee, tea, soft drink, and energy drinks were determined using an immunoassay.7 The caffeine content in mixtures also used to have to be extracted before quantification.8

Caffeine is a wildly use drug in today’s society. Caffeine is a methylated xanthine which acts as a mild central nervous system stimulant (MS & RL, 2001). It is a stimulant which acts upon the central nervous system and increases alertness, wakefulness and restlessness and it increases the release of catecholamine from renal medullar (Fernandez, 2016; Collines, 2007). It is present in many beverages. Caffeine is found in coffee, tea, soft drinks, products containing chocolate (cocoa) and some medication (Collines, 2007). It is used as a cardiac and respiratory stimulant (Collines, 2007).Caffeine is the most frequently ingested pharmacologically active substance in the world (Collines, 2007).

Pure caffeine is a white powder, like what is found in caffeine pills, and is “a plant-based alkaloid which

Caffeine is a mild stimulant that occurs naturally in at least 63 plant species. Caffeine can be found in the leaves, stems, seeds, and roots of these various plants. Caffeine is part of the methylxanthine family. It consists of a xanthine molecule with three methyl groups attached to it. Caffeine can be found in many products like sodas, tea, and coffee, but it also occurs in several other products such as prescription medications, diuretics, and pain relievers. Caffeine’s widespread use and popularity have caused many people to view the substance as an addictive drug. Thus making caffeine the most inexpensive and readily available drug known to man. Then on the other hand there are

The purpose of this experiment is to practice common organic laboratory techniques inside the lab to get one oriented to the basic methods of procedure that can be used for later experiments. This experiment involves the separation of benzoic acid from a more crude form, consisting of benzoic acid, methyl orange, a common acid/base indicator, and cellulose, a natural polymer of glucose (Huston, and Liu 17-24). The technique that is used to perform this separation is called extraction. Extraction is a systematic process of separating mixtures of compounds, taking advantage of the affinity differences of compounds to separate them (Padias 128-37). This technique recognizes the principle that “like dissolves in like,” that is,

There were also several limitations within the experiment. Since this experiment looked into the effects of green tea and black tea, which contains caffeine, observation of varying plant defensive compounds other than the caffeine in tea can widen the extent of the results and improve the experiment. For instance, observing the effects of chamomile tea, which has a little to no level of

In this experiment, the purpose of this experiment is to isolate pure caffeine from tealeaves. Caffeine does not exist alone within the tealeaves, but other substances that are in the leaves itself accompany it. There are major and minor products that make up the constancy of the leaves and with those substances they need to be separated out of the leaves. The main component of the leaves are, cellulose and polymer of glucose, while the minor components of the leaves are caffeine, tannis, flauaniods and chlorophylls. By weight, caffeine is 5%, which is an alkaloid and contains C, H, N, O; it is very soluble in water and is the main component that will be extracted from the experiment. Although caffeine is very soluble in water it is much more soluble when it is dissolved in methylene chloride. Therefore, when completing the methylene chloride process, it will nearly purify all of the caffeine, making it pure caffeine. Make sure not to breathe in the fumes of the chemicals or spill them on yourself. Safety precautions

Components containing caffeine were composed into stock solutions. These solutions were diluted to 1: 10 substance: mobile phase. A stock solution of caffeine was diluted 1:50. A sequence of diluted caffeine solutions were prepared for use as a standard (ppm): 1, 2, 4, and 10. Solutions of acetaminophen, acetylsalicylic acid, and Goody’s Powder were developed to differentiate chromatographic peaks observed. These solutions were subjected to HPLC for examination of the observed peak area and retention time for the set of compounds. Comparison of retention time allowed for the differentiation of peaks observed. The peak area obtained was utilized to determine the relative concentration of caffeine present in Goody’s Powder based on the relationship obtained in the standard. The content of caffeine present in Goody’s Powder by percent weight was identified.

In the solid-liquid extraction all water soluble components were sepreated along with the caffeine including the tannins. To further isolate the caffeine and obtain a purer product it was necessary to add sodium carbonate(Zhao et al. 208). This acidic- base reaction (tannins being the acid electrophile and sodium carbonate the base nucleophile) forms conjugate base phenolic salts. Tannins are acidic and thus have an–OH group directly bound to their aromatic ring the addition of a weaker base allows for the deprotonation of said –OH group. Then when the methylene chloride was added the tannins, now a phenolic salt, were insoluble thus resulting in the formation of two layers (organic and aqeous). The aqeuous layer now contains the tannins and chlorphyll and the organic layer the caffeine. This occurs because caffeine is more soluble in the methylene chloride and thus is separtaed into the same layer and the tannin salts and chlorophyll which are insoluble in the methylene chloride remain in the aqeous layer. The organic layer is extracted and undergeos this same washing process again in order to extract the maximum amount of product. Once enough caffeine was extracted a drying agent of anyhydrous sulfate was added to remove any of the excess water in the organic layer and placed in a hot chamber to evaporate off the methylene chloride. The remaining crystals underwent recrystalization to obtain a pure substance. (Zhao et al. 208).

Isolation of Natural Products: Caffeine from Black Tea Purpose: The purpose of the caffeine lab is to extract caffeine from the solid black tea. This experiment involved two steps process; the first step includes solid-liquid extraction followed by the second step, which included liquid-liquid extraction to separate caffeine from water solution using sublimation. Procedure: Begin by emptying eight tea bags into a weighted boat and then weighting it.

There are many foods and drinks with caffeine found in them. For example, caffeine can be found in certain drinks such as, “Coffee, tea, caffeinated soda, and energy drinks. Some certain caffeinated soft drinks are Pepsi, Coca-Cola, Sunkist, and Mountain Dew. Also some energy drinks that caffeine may be found in are Redbull, Full Throttle, and Monster.” (Caffeine, para 2, 2015). Also, another example of sources of caffeine is that caffeine can be found in food, such as, “Caffeine is found in chocolate.” (Gavin, para 3, 2014). However, caffeine is not only in foods and drinks, it can also be found in medicines. For instance, Caffeine helps people with many medical issues, “Caffeine is sometimes consumed by many adults in order to kickstart medicine taken before hand. It improves the effect of many medications and is used for headaches or migraines.” (Bryant, para 21, 2015). In addition, caffeine can help a human with other things, “Caffeine that is treated with a citrate of potassium or sodium, can help breathing in premature babies. Also, it can help some children that suffer breathing problems, by helping them breath better.” (Bryant, para 20, 2015). So, basic sources of caffeine are coffee, tea, caffeinated soft drinks, chocolate, and

As the cannabis is being orally administered infused in tea, the bioavailability of 4 to 20 per cent. A previous study has shown that the peak concentration of 20 mg of THC ranges from 4.4 to 11 ng/ml within 1 to 5 hours, depending on the individual (Huestis, 2009). This amount will provide an insufficient concentration to raise blood ghrelin levels, therefore, the orally infused tea of 5g cannabis must be consumed every 30 minutes for x amount of times to increase the blood ghrelin levels. The 11-hydroxy-THC metabolite will affect the brain at a faster and higher level compared to its parents compound. This compound elicits the central effects of THC orally and has a half-life of approximately 12 to 36 hours (Grotenhermen, 2003)

Peet 's Coffee and Tea is a well-known and loved coffee shop with three stores here in Colorado. Although the prices and work space isn 't the best they offer great, quick drinks served by friendly employees. The store is a place for a comforting, warm place to sit. Peet 's Coffee was started by Alfred Peet in 1966 and his coffee was unlike any other coffee shop. He brewed in small amounts, always had fresh beans, a great quality, and a dark roast. This all produced a coffee that was rich and complex, and still is today.

All the stores of The Coffee Bean & Tea Leaf were located at high traffic, high visibility locations in each market. The market entry strategies use by the coffee shop in managing their foreign franchisees when expanding into Asia including master franchising and company owned-stores. A master franchise is a person or entity that provides services to franchisees in a specified territory, typically a major market, geographical region or even one or more countries. The marketing approach is essential to gain a competitive advantage in the foreign market. The construct included market entry, site location, and market positioning. The reason

Sweet Leaf Tea has an incredible way of communicating right . Though it started small , it eventually became a success . The company kept a strong corporate strategy of communication through Facebook and Twitter and other social media websites. In fact online platform and social media are the best way to communicate and retain fans. Social media is the best way to gain millions of people across the world . Therefore the founders of SLT had the idea to communicate strongly through social networks. They initially started writing blogs, tweets and created a facebook page to market the SLT. They announced a concert online, which attracted many people in a very short time. Although SLT should have focused more on the capital investments right from