Using an Anonymous Current Client or One You Have Worked with in the Past, Apply the Methods Discussed in This Module to Their Case and Discuss What You Think Could Have Been Achieved.”

By promoting an individual’s choice, holistic support is provided for them because only they know how they feel within themselves; choice enables them to choose whether a social, intellectual or physical activity is best for them on that particular day.

Other objectives for this client in these sessions are to make sure the client has enough strength in his adult ego state in order to work with the creative process. (Sills, C. & Hargaden, H. 2003) (See also ethical and permission from the client (see Bond, T.

Self is one’s awareness of ideas and attitudes about one’s own personal and social identity. Identity is shaped at a young age from interpreting concepts about one’s own self from others (Mead, 1934). The present study will compare Freud’s psychoanalytic theory of personality the (id, ego, and, superego) to George Herbert Mead’s social self-theory the (“I” and “me”). The study will give an overview of both theorist and discuss each approach in relationship to each other, and defining the key concepts. According to Schultz and Schultz, (2008) the id is defined as the source of psychic energy and the aspect of personality allied with the instincts. The ego is defined as the rational aspect of personality responsible for

The article introduces readers to the discourse surrounding the variety of views on the role of methodology and the relationship in the therapeutic alliance. The undertones that guide the discussion and is largely the conflict are the assumptions made about theories and how they include not just one theoretical approach, but four including behavioral, experiential humanistic and psychodynamic. Later on the answer given is that there are core principles that guide not only the methodology, but also the alliance or the relationship. What Goldfried and Davila try to do is move the conflict away from the question as to whether or not the relationship or the alliance is more significant than the methodology and rather thinking about the two together and how their combination can facilitate a stronger therapeutic alliance.

us. Rogers puts forward the view that the client held in the therapeutic relationship, when given the

Ms. A reported she was exposed to domestic violence within the home. Reportedly, Ms. A’s said her father was physically, verbally, and emotionally abusive towards her mother and herself. The patient recalled being awakened at nights by her mother and being told they were going on “vacations”. According to Ms. A, as she grew older she understood the her family “vacations” her mother later explained that the “vacations” were merely an escape from her abusive father. The patient described her parent 's divorce as "messy". She opined that her parents’ divorce resulted in her “bouncing back and forth” between their homes. She reported living with her father for a brief period andbecause she was allowed to do "whatever she wanted". She further described her father as her “drinking buddy” during her adolescent years.

I strongly value the importance of the therapeutic use of self and the effects it has on the clients we work with. I got to experiences

However, any person who is motivated to become fully self-aware can do so thorough life experiences, including those experiences achieve in a therapeutic milieu. Ultimately, each person is responsible for their own lives and the opportunities that are perceived by individuals are often stunted because of an individuals life experiences, perceptions and feelings. While people seek to be connected to others as they are innately social and through these social experiences shape their own personalities, lives and the world around them. Ideally, people can work toward achieving their lives in ways that are integrated and fulfilling. It is thorough personal freedom and understanding of the self that this occurs (Corey, 2013).

counselor. She also presented a theory to help unlink one‟s personal ego from functioning in the

Studying the Constructive Development Theory (CDT) also provided a foundation to identify where I fit on the spectrum of adult development. Constructive developmental theory is an eye opening explanation of how people make meaning at different stages of consciousness. This theory identifies numerous areas of human development that an individual may be “subject to” or “hold object.” Each phase of development designates twelve specific factors that humans will use to make meaning from. Analyzing how a person’s meaning making or pinpointing the factors they are “subject to” or “hold object,” helps us to define an individual’s Order of Mind. Jennifer Garvey Berger (1999) explains in her guide, Key Concepts for Understanding the Work of Robert Kegan, that “things that are Subject are by definition experienced as unquestioned, simply part of self” (p. 2). For me, this concept revealed that I was subject to my behavior and attitude regarding my personal time management. I considered my lack of

When we do so, self actualisation will occur. Rogers likened this actualisation process to the growth of plants, having an innate tendency to grow from a seed to full potential when exposed to favourable conditions. Rogers believed that for a person to achieve self-actualisation they must be in a state of congruence, thus, self-actualisation occurs when a person’s ideal self is congruent with their actual behaviour and self-image. For the client to self actualise; key principals must be employed during the counselling process. Outlined as follows:

In T.A. the life-script is an important concept as all transactions, games, ego-states and the concepts they encompass relate to the re-enforcement of an individual’s life script. Berne defined life-script as;

Philosophers have written a great deal about the nature of the self, and it is useful for psychotherapists to reflect if they are addressing human issues of existence from the right angle or just emphasising one from an infinity of possibilities, or simply if the theory needs progression. One concern that I think relevant to consider is that psychotherapy, particularly existential and person-centred counselling, focus on the promotion of the client’s autonomy (Sanders, 2004). Are the theories open enough to offer that autonomy, or are they in its effort to make sense of a state of mind, limiting its variability? In my opinion, it is essential to have an uncluttered mind which is free from unprejudiced assumptions when approaching psychotherapy and counselling.

Freud said that the Ego is the mediator between the Id and Superego and the outside world. For the Ego to do its job, it has to delay the desires of the Id until it is socially acceptable to give the Id the needs. So our conscious-driven Ego is a balance of the Id and Superego, evening out our primal needs

So therefore, in all three approaches we have the desire to self-improve and achieve organismic self-regulation, self-actualization and autonomy. However, in gestalt we get in touch with our feelings more and while in person centered we find solution in ourselves and we understand that we have a potential to improve. Whereas, in transactional analysis we realize our issues and undiscovered feelings, it is then we un-script and the journey for autonomy stays with us throughout our lives.