Uti Case Study

Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) are miserable. Recurrent ones are a whole other level of misery. But, you don't have to just resign yourself to suffering. Many people have managed to stop having a UTI every time they turn around by making changes to their diet and hygiene habits.

Urinary tract infection also referred to as UTI is the second most common infection in the body. The urinary tract system in your body which includes the bladder and kidneys makes urine and carries it out of your body. When germs get into the urinary tract system an infection is typically formed. UTI’s are usually caused when unwanted bacteria enters through the urethra and begins to multiply (www.mayoclinic.org). The bacteria that are normally found in the large intestine and feces are the most common source of a UTI. Sexual intercourse is one of the common causes of urinary tract infections for women, causing bacteria to move up into the urinary tract. Sometimes in a hospital setting a patient who is on a catheter can also get a urinary tract infection.

The patient is a 43-year-old healthy female on birth control who tells me last night at about 10 o'clock, she started having urinary symptoms, including burning with urination, frequency, suprapubic pressure. She denies any flank pain, no fevers. She does tell me she suffered throughout the night with these symptoms, but then by this morning, she got AZO and did take that. This did relieve the symptoms. She feels quite comfortable throughout the day today. She does get normal periods on her birth control tablets. She states her last period ended this past Sunday. She did note that yesterday, she had some vaginal discharge that seems like dried blood. She has not had any itching or other vaginal discharge and no further

Nearly 1 in 3 women will have had at least 1 episode of UTI requiring antimicrobial therapy by the age of 24 years. Specific subpopulations at increased risk of UTI include infants, pregnant women, the elderly, patients with spinal cord injuries and/or catheters, patients with diabetes or multiple sclerosis, patients with acquired immunodeficiency disease syndrome/human immunodeficiency virus, and patients with underlying urologic abnormalities. There are important medical and financial implications associated with UTIs. In the nonobstructed, nonpregnant female adult, acute uncomplicated UTI is believed to be a benign illness with no long-term medical consequences. However, UTI elevates the risk of pyelonephritis, premature delivery, and fetal mortality among pregnant women, and is associated with impaired renal function and end-stage renal disease among pediatric

Clinically UTIs are subdivided into two main categories, uncomplicated and complicated. An uncomplicated UTI is defined as one occurring in a generally healthy, nonpregnant premenopausal woman with a structurally and neurologically normal urinary tract. This type can undoubtedly be treated with antimicrobials, but developing antimicrobial resistances make treatments progressively troublesome (Wanget al., 2013).

A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection involving any part of the urinary system, which includes the urethra, bladder, ureters, and kidneys. UTIs are the most common type of healthcare-associated infection (HAI). Between 15-25% of hospitalized patients receive urinary catheters during their hospital stay (Drekonja, 2010, p. 31). A urinary catheter is a drainage tube that is inserted into the bladder through the urethra. A catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) occurs when bacteria enters the urinary tract through the catheter and causes infection. Common signs of UTIs are urgency, frequency and dysuria. These voiding symptoms will not be present in patients with indwelling catheters. Symptoms that may help classifying a CAUTI would be fever or hypothermia, suprapubic tenderness, or costovertebral angle pain or tenderness (Tillekeratne, 2014, p. 13). Catheter-associated urinary tract infections cause increased healthcare costs, length of stay, morbidity, and mortality. Infections can be acquired in many ways such as, on insertion of the catheter via cross contamination or accidental catheterization into the vagina, not ensuring aseptic technique, catheter care and maintenance, and cross-contamination when emptying the drainage bags. There are many ways to decrease the risk of catheter-associated UTIs and nurses play a major role in reducing these risks in order to prevent harm and save lives. To improve clinical care and reduce the risks of

Urinary tract infection is a more common bacterial infection in women than men because women have shorter urethra where bacteria can migrate up and cause an infection.1 Majority of the infections are caused by E. coli, but can also be caused by Enterobacter, K. pnemoniae, and other Staphylococci.2 Women may contract the infections due to sexual intercourse, pregnancy, insertion of catheter into the urinary bladder, diabetes, history of antibiotic use and many more.1 They can be asymptomatic or symptomatic by experiencing fever, nausea, dysuria, urgency to urinate, or abdominal pain. Antibiotics such as sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Bactrim) and nitrofurantoin (Macrobid) are the choice for treating urinary tract infections (UTIs)

A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection in the body that attacks the kidneys, uterus, urethra and bladder. Women more than men are more prone in getting a UTI in their lifetime. A UTI typically develops when bacteria in the rectal region comes in contact with the urethra and it then makes its way to the urinary tract. There are three types of urinary tract infection (UTI) first one is Urethra (urethritis) which is an infection in the urethra, the second one is bladder (cystitis) which is an infection in the bladder and the third one is kidneys (acute pyelonephritis) which is an infection in the kidneys.

people of both sexes and of all ages, it can potentially pose as a serious threat to both the

The patient I Observed ,Ms Maggie, is a female patient in her 60s who has previously suffered a stroke, DVT and is currently taking a diuretic to prevent any further thrombi or emboli from forming. She presented complaining of a persistent urinary tract infection

Catheter is a tube that inserted into the bladder to drain urine and then connected to drainage bags. CA-UTI causing pathogens are normal flora of intestine can enter in to urinary tract when catheter was inserting or remain in the bladder. In all nosocomial infection CA-UTI account up to 40% and leads to epididymitis, prostatitis and orchitis in males, cystitis, pyelonephritis, bacteremia, endocarditis etc [1]. In hospitalize patients a prolong use of catheter increase risk of CA-UTI. Gram-negative bacteria that form biofilm formation associated with CA-UTI. Symptomatic UTI normally not occur in CA-UTI, it is usually asymptomatic and infrequently cause blood stream infection. For lab finding Sample should be collected from catheter tube in

As I headed towards the patient, I was figuring-out the causes of resident’s hypoglycaemia. Then, I remembered that on Wednesday morning during the doctor’s visit, I assisted the GP to insert an indwelling foley catheter into this resident since for the past days, the patient had urinary incontinence. A midstream urine sample was collected through the sterile catheter bag. The dipstick analysis indicated that urine was positive of leukocyte esterase, nitrates, protein, and blood which all lead to the doctor’s diagnosis as Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). A nitrofurantoin anti-biotic was prescribed. With these information in mind, I began exploring the link of

UTIs in men are far less common than in women and need investigating to find an underlying cause. These causes may include narrowing of the urethra (a stricture), a previous STI, a bladder stone, or a problem with the prostate gland.

Urinary tract infections (UTI) is a disorder of the urinary system. Urinary tract infections take second place in the category of most common infections in the body. They are caused when bacteria infringes upon and multiplies in the urinary tract. The urethra is the point of entry for bacteria. Women are susceptible to UTI’s than men due to the shortness of the female urethra compared to the length of the male urethra.

1) Acute Cystitis: Acute cystitis is considered a lower urinary tract infection (UTI) and has symptoms such as, dysuria, urgency, small amounts of urine voided at a time, hematuria, and suprapubic pain (Colgan & Williams, 2011). In women, acute uncomplicated cystitis is the most common cause of UTI (Yoon, Kim, Ha, Sohn, & Cho, 2013). Even with women who have normal urinary tracts, frequent of recurrent UTIs are common (Yoon et al., 2013). Both the physical examination and urinalysis are important in diagnosing acute cystitis (Colgan & Williams, 2011). A mid-stream clean-catch urine specimen is the most common way to diagnose a UTI (Colgan & Williams, 2011). The healthcare provider will be looking for nitrites and leukocyte esterase in the specimen (Colgan & Williams, 2011). Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and Klebsiella are the top three causes of a lower UTI (Colgan & Williams, 2011).