Uveal Melanoma Case Study

     Distinguishing melanoma may seem hard to do, but is not so once a person is informed on what they should be looking for. They may appear similar to moles, and may be blue or black in color. Though they will usually lack the symmetry and border regularity of a common mole, and may have variance in their coloring. Melanomas can either appear suddenly, or develop slowly near a preexisting mole. In rare cases, melanomas may form on top of previously formed moles or birthmarks, but will also come with the effects of pain, itching, or bleeding. These moles may begin to exhibit new and/or strange characteristics such as

Melanoma is caused by over exposure to UV which can sometimes cause sunburn, it can be especially critical to those whom are inclined to the disease itself. The tumours derive in the pigment-producing melanocytes which are inside the basal layer of the

Melanoma is a dangerous invasive cancer which starts in melanin producing cells (melanocytes) usually located at the bottom of the skins epidermal layer. Although certain individuals have a genetic propensity for melanoma, it is usually triggered by excessive UV exposure from sunlight or tanning beds (Mayo Clinic, 2016a). At early stages it is relatively easy to treat, however, recurrences are common. At later stages melanoma treatments are less effective since it tends to metastasize and spread easily through the lymphatic system (Mayo Clinic, 2016a).. The root cause of malignant melanoma is due to mutations in the p53 gene protein which invariably leads to further mutations.

Many sporadic melanomas are also found to have mutations or loss of expression of this tumor suppressor gene, known to act in the same signaling pathway as the retinoblasma cases (see 3.3 Tumor suppressor genes).

Harmful tumors require quick regulation and treatment, as threatening developments may grow quickly and metastasize (spread all through the body) at a disturbing rate. Metastases are auxiliary tumors which can show up at any area all through the body, which is an immediate impact of disease spreading by means of blood and lymph hubs.

The article “Melanoma: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments” written by Markus MacGill and reviewed by Dr. Helen Webberley is exactly what it states, an article on the integumentary disease melanoma. This article tells everything about melanoma, stating that it is a very deadly type of skin cancer. It is fortunate that it is the least common, however it is still responsible for the majority of skin cancer related deaths each year. Melanoma comes from pigment-producing cells that have mutated into a cancerous cell. They spread quickly, almost too quickly to catch. Skin cancer is first noticed by the look of the skin, then can be confirmed or denied with testing. Melanoma may not produce symptoms. Staying out of the sun for extended amounts of time is best when avoiding skin problems, especially skin cancer. Melanoma is seen mostly in people over the age of forty, and favors women. It can develop anywhere on the skin but does favor the trunk of men and the legs of women. Melanoma will form changes in existing moles on the skin. People should be checking for noticeable differences in skin constantly, especially those who have a known risk. Some early indicators of melanoma could be pale skin, light eyes, numerous moles, multiple freckles, sun exposure, light hair, age, and a few more. Sadly, most these are unavoidable.

Vitiligo is a skin pigmentation disorder. This disorder can be recognized by the presence of the patches and macules that are depigmented. For instance, someone with darker skin will have white patches among their body, as well as some white hair. Melanoma Associated Hypopigmentation is also a depigmentation of the skin, but it can be associated with immunotherapeutic agent treatments. Vitiligo and Melanoma Associated Hypopigmentation are both leukodermas. They also seem to link to MM which is Malignant Melanoma.

Melanoma is for the most part observed in more seasoned men yet as far back as tanning came in amid the 1970's, it has expanded in ladies 60 percent around the ages 15-29 in the course of recent decades. "What's more, basal cell and squamous cell growths are expanding at a rate of around 5 percent for each year". Skin Cancer is brought about by inherited elements, overexposure to the sun, and frail insusceptible frameworks. One reason individuals have a tendency to get skin disease is the point at which somebody in your family has passed their qualities down to you, known as inherited. Typically inherited is one of the causes in the improvement of melanoma. For a wide range of skin tumors, overexposure of the skin to UV radiation in daylight is the most as often as possible faulted wellspring of skin malignancy. "Consider recommends that sunburns got at a very early stage in one's adolescence can prompt skin disease further down the road”. For instance, when somebody gets sunburned, you generally don't know till ten to a quarter century and that is the reason individuals don't get skin disease till they achieve their

Malignant melanoma is the most commonly seen skin cancer and it has the highest number of deaths among diseases of the skin (Friedman, Rigel, Kopf and Polsky, 2005). Among the many factors that cause this cutaneous cancer genetic modifications, viruses, carcinogens and excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays are the most commonly occurring (Friedman, Rigel, Kopf and Polsky, 2005). Malignant melanoma affects all areas of the skin and the disease forms in melanocytes, which are the cells in which pigments (melanin) are synthesized (Melanoma Treatment). The cancer has its origin in the epidermis and affect squamous and basal cells. The disease usually affects the trunk, arms and legs but can also be present in the eye, affecting the

May is Melanoma/Skin Cancer Detection and Prevention Month. Did you know you can use CAPTUREPROOF to create a visual health record of moles and skin discoloration?

In conclusion, Max’s physician could undertake the following procedures to treat melanoma. If the melanoma is minor a procedure called wide excision is recommended. In this procedure, a diagnosis is made by a skin biopsy and the area around the cancer needs to be removed as well by a small

Treatment includes surgery to cut out the entire melanoma, chemotherapy which uses medicines to stop or slow growth, immunotherapy which uses medications to help your body’s immune system fight the cancer, and targeted therapy with inhibitors which prevent the cancer. Melanoma can spread to other parts of the body where it can cause tumors. When the melanoma has spread and it appears as a tumor in another part of the body, it sometimes can be successfully treated. It can come back after treatment. Stage four melanoma survival rate is 15-20%. All of the above treatments can also be used for recurrent melanoma. If the type of melanoma can-not be treated, the doctors will try to control your symptoms with medications. Risk factor of melanoma can include fair skin, history of sunburn, intense UV light exposure, having many moles or unusual moles, family history of melanoma, and a weakened immune system. The three types of melanoma include cutaneous , mucosal, an ocular. These moles rarely occur in the mouth, intestines, or eye, in special cases they do. Ocular melanoma is found in the uvea, which includes the iris, ciliary, and choroid. 6 people per 1 million are diagnosed with this

The outcome of interest in this study was to identify a population at a higher risk for malignant melanoma, and develop a clinical screening tool that could earlier detect malignant melanoma in this high-risk population. Another outcome of interest was to determine the effectiveness of total skin examination in detecting malignant melanoma in these high-risk groups, with the hope of detecting the melanoma earlier so that patients can be treated more effectively. This would be important to patients because the earlier detection of malignant melanoma from screening high-risk populations would allow for earlier treatment, thus hopefully decreasing the mortality rates in patients with malignant melanoma.

While researching in depth Ocular Melanoma, there has been a consistent theme persisting there is not enough research done to find a way to decrease metastasis percentage and increase survival rate. The current attempts at decreasing metastasis and increasing survival rate have stayed the same throughout the course of 4 decades. The current drug, LS2616, is being used to treat Ocular Melanoma patients, but it is used to late to feel the full impact of the drug. Research and Development laboratories are working on a faster-acting drug, but nothing has been tested on mice or released to the public. If new drugs could be created, the survival rate of Ocular Melanoma would increase drastically.

The overall incidence of liver- dominant metastatic melanoma is low, particularly in comparison with that of other primary tumors, such as colon and breast cancer. However, ocular melanoma is the most common intraocular malignant tumor in adults.Due to its special biology, metastatic lesions most commonly develop most commonly in the