Citation of Sources in APA Format
• APA style requires two elements for citing outside sources: parenthetical (in-text) references, and a reference list. Together, these elements allow your reader access to the sources you consulted. • For the system to function, all authors cited in the text must appear in the reference list, and all authors listed must have been cited in the text.
In-Text Citations
The APA style calls for three kinds of information to be included in in-text citations. The author's last name and the work's date of publication must always appear. The page number is only in a citation to a direct quotation.
Placement
▪ Place citations within sentences and paragraphs so that it is clear which
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OR
The sources for the novel Sugar Cane were largely autobiographical (C. Fowler, personal communication, July 22, 2009).
In text referencing for brochures:
When the reference is to a work by a corporate author, use the name of the organization as the author.
Example:
Sari must pay $2000 out of pocket as an annual deductible before she will be able to use insurance benefits (Aetna, 2004, p. 54).
Article or chapter in edited book
Eiser, S., Redpath, A., & Rogers, N. (1987). Outcomes of early parenting: Knowns and unknowns. In A. P. Kern & L. S. Maze (Eds.), Logical thinking in children. (pp. 58-87). New York: Springer.
Book
Dorn, L. R., & Ryerson, D. (1984). Elements of a healthy childhood (2nd ed.). New York: Macmillan.
Book or article with no author or editor named
Merriam-Webster's collegiate dictionary (10th ed.).(1993). Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster.
Brochure
Research and Training Center on Independent Living. (1993). Guidelines for reporting and writing about people with disabilities (4th ed.) [Brochure]. Lawrence, KS: Author.
Government publication
National Institute of Mental Health. (1990). Clinical training in serious mental illness (DHHS Publication No. ADM 90-1679). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
Internet and Electronic Sources (Source: Walden University, 2011)
If there is an author for the website, cite that
Correct C.Include all authors' last names, initial of first and middle (if applicable) names, AND the year of publication.
Which parts of the information provided would you use for listing the article in an APA format reference list (a list attached to the end of one’s writing, under the heading “References” that shows one or more publications used)?
Include in the text the first item that appears in the Work Cited entry that corresponds to the citation (e.g. author name, article name, website name, film name).
In-text citations should note the author(s) and the publication date for a paraphrase. For a direct quotation, citations should include author(s), date, and page number. See the following examples:
1[Add footnotes, if any, on their own page following references. For APA formatting requirements, it’s easy to just type your own footnote references and notes. To format a footnote reference, select the
• The page number or page range is omitted if the entire work is cited. The author 's surname is omitted if it appears in the text. Thus we may say: "Jones (2001) revolutionized the field of trauma surgery."
1. Sources are cited in the body of the paper using APA format (up to 5 points)
Citations can appear in the sentence or they can stand independently (freestanding) after the sentence.
In an APA formatted reference, a journal name and the volume number of the journal are italicized.
11. Must include a separate reference page, formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
Reference Citations Always compare to an example as you build and proofread your references. Every reference needs an in text citation.pp. 180-183; examples: pp. 198-224
MLA papers should also have a work cited. When reciting poems include the author's last name. When citing an internet resource with an author include him/her in the sentence. When an author is not listed, use a shorter version of the title. When an author is stated in the sentence, using a quote, make sure to put a page
When you include a direct quotation or paraphrase referring to a specific passage in your paper, always include the author and year, as well as the page number, as part of the citation. APA requires the author, year, and page number for direct quotations and recommends providing the same information for paraphrases.
Documentation of where information has been sourced and appropriate in text referencing. A bibliography (included in the final draft).