Vaccine History

Herd immunity exists when the maximum amount of people are vaccinated, reducing the risk of infection for people at serious risk (i.e. immunocompromised adults, chemotherapy patients, or newborns). When fewer people are unvaccinated, a disease has fewer hosts to spread to. At this point, most states allow vaccination exemption for religious or “moral” conflicts in addition to medical reasons. People who exempt vaccines

There have been more than 1000 of journal articles pointing out the dangerous immunological responses and other infections from the vaccine. Poor immunological response prevents the ability of a person to prevent the diseases that the vaccine is supposed to fight against.

Vaccines have been used to prevent diseases for centuries, and have saved countless lives of children and adults. The smallpox vaccine was invented as early as 1796, and since then the use of vaccines has continued to protect us from countless life threatening diseases such as polio, measles, and pertussis. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2010) assures that vaccines are extensively tested by scientist to make sure they are effective and safe, and must receive the approval of the Food and Drug Administration before being used. “Perhaps the greatest success story in public health is the reduction of infectious diseases due to the use of vaccines” (CDC, 2010). Routine immunization has eliminated smallpox from the globe and

supporting details: Getting the flu shot stops the what ifs if something were to happen. Even though you can still get the flu after getting a flu shot, it can weaken the strain and has the possibility of saving a life.

Jenner’s discovery of the link between cowpox and smallpox was significant to the development of a vaccine for smallpox. However, it can be argued that Jenner and his discovery were not enough on their own to bring medical progress. The factors Scientific thinking, Government Communication and Changing attitudes played a major and important role to bring medical progress.

The foundation for Dr. Edward Jenner 's first vaccine was the inoculation process. Because he was familiar with dairy farming, he began observing “cowpox,” or vaccinia, in which red pimples on cows ' udders became blisters, scabbed, then scarred (Riedman 28). Many people believed exposure to cowpox would result in protection from the smallpox disease (Riedman 29). Jenner decided to test the theory that cowpox protected people from contracting smallpox (Riedman 31). He experimented by injecting smallpox material into people who were previously infected with cowpox; they did not contract the smallpox disease (Riedman 34). Jenner 's experiment resulted in the discovery that cowpox could be transferred through vaccination and provided safe, effective protection from smallpox (Riedman 35). Through the efforts of Lady Montague and Edward Jenner, vaccination became a popular procedure. The creation of the first vaccine was a crucial step for the health of many people.

That is one of the biggest myths ever about the flu vaccine. The vaccine contains the killed virus. With that being said, a person cannot get sick just from getting the shot. The shot will not fully protect people from getting the flu, but it lowers the risk. If someone got the vaccine and still gets sick, they cannot blame the vaccine. They could have gotten a strong case from somewhere else that the vaccine couldn’t fully fight off.

Imagine living in constant fear of getting a disease that will potentially kill or alter your your life greatly. Imagine worrying that a loved one, perhaps one of your own children, will fall victim to paralysis and crippling of the spine or legs. Think of how much you look forward to summer vacation. Now imagine worrying that the warm weather brings with it a greater risk of developing a deadly disease. People living before the development of the polio vaccination lived with these constant fears. Polio could alter a life forever. During the first part of the twentieth century there was an epidemic of Polio in the United States and around the world. With such a feared disease causing panic and worry, people were searching for something to eradicate the problem. Something needed to happen and the sooner the better. The development of the polio vaccine brought hope to the world and helped to alleviate many fears.

First, in 1796, a doctor named Edward Jenner performed the very first vaccination. “Taking pus from a cowpox lesion on a milkmaid’s hand, Jenner inoculated an eight-year-old boy, James Phipps. Six weeks later Jenner variolated two sites on Phipps ' arm with smallpox, yet the boy was unaffected by this as well as subsequent exposures” (Minna & Markel, 2005)& (Cave, 2008). The first vaccination allowed people to recognize that it was beneficial for their health. It provided the base for the rest of the variations of vaccinations to come. Vaccinations began with the notion that it is rooted in the science of immunology. Throughout history, there have been many variations of this first vaccine for things such as small pox, mumps, malaria and guinea worm. (The College of Physicians of Philadelphia, n.d.)

Measles. Polio. Smallpox. The flu. Imagine the world when vaccines were yet to be created. There was a time when people lived in fear of dreadful diseases. Thanks to the introduction of vaccines, many of those devastating diseases have been nearly or completely wiped out. Despite these results, for some people, the question remains: should we vaccinate? Today, I will be discussing the development of the first vaccine, global benefits, and the anti-vaccine movement.

Each vaccine is worked on and tested for many years, which ensures safety and effectiveness before it is released to the public for use. Vaccines are subjected to ten to fifteen years of extensive study and testing before they can be used on the common people (The Science Behind Vaccine). During this time, the vaccine goes through a trial of using different ingredients and amounts until the perfect balance is found. Vaccines also go through many testing techniques during the fifteen year time period, which was developed in Asia in the 1600’s. This process has resulted in little failure over the years, but has provided beneficial data for scientists to discover the correct formula for each vaccine (Smallpox: Variolation). The flu vaccine may be the most commonly used vaccine, and for a good reason. The flu virus is also a dangerous one, according to Kurt Link,who has written many highly praised articles about vaccination,”Although the mortality rate of 1 percent may seem low, the absolute number of deaths has been in the multiple millions

In these days of modern medicine, most children are vaccinated early in life for diseases such as rubella, measles, and tetanus. Vaccines have been perfected to shield and protect our body from seriously life threatening diseases that could have the potential to wipe out large populations. Most of America and a lot of western countries see vaccines as beneficial and a common necessity for their children and themselves. However, this view has not always been accepted. In fact, vaccines were only first widely considered to be helpful for diseases when a man named Louis Pasteur began experimenting with rabies. We will start our journey of microbiological history with the discovery of anthrax and move forward through the creation of Pasteur’s rabies vaccine.

When children are born and for the first two years of their lives, they receive multiple shots and drops of vaccines. These vaccines protect them from getting diseases that were deadly and common in children many decades ago. Vaccine is one of the greatest achievement in medicine history. There were thousands of lives lost in the battle with some of the terrifying diseases like smallpox and polio. Now, after years of vaccine invention, vaccination spread in many countries which helped in eradicate several illnesses. In the United States, each family is required to show their children's immunization chart in order to get accepted in many educational institutes. Parents usually face the decision whether to vaccinate

“Standard immunization currently averts an estimated two to three million deaths every year in all age groups” (“General Information”). Children along with adults should be vaccinated because these Inoculations prevent diseases, even deaths, from going around, along with keeping the environment a safer place. As people know, kids get vaccinated from the time born to about the time the child reaches teen years, although getting immunized does not precisely stop at any age. In fact, required vaccinations continue throughout the years. Of course these medical treatments must be tested in order to be given to anyone. In spite of the fact many people themselves argue that inoculations are not safe for children, others are thoroughly certain in

A vaccine works by tricking the body’s immune system into creating antibodies that fight an innocuous form of the virus. The antibodies then remain in the body, and if the person encounters the real virus, they are protected against it. The history of vaccines actually goes as far back as 200BC India or China, when it was discovered that some diseases do not infect those who have already been infected by it. This discovery led people to infect themselves with inoculated matter, thus protecting them from the disease. The first vaccine dates back to 1796 when Edward Jenner developed the smallpox vaccine using a weakend version of the cowpox disease. The concept of vaccinations through inoculation is considered by many to be one of the great science revelations of the 20th century.