Variable Frequency Electrical System in Conventional Aircraft

This research paper is the study of electric propulsion. The research study will be describing how the propulsion (electric Propulsion) will cut the cost of launching the

NASA’s objective is to use this technology to ensure greater efficiency in rotor vehicles. With the introduction of superconducting motors came the potential to revolutionize rotorcraft design. Rotorcraft would no longer be constrained by motor placement of drive shafts that power rotors. The intent of the cryogenic power system project is to design and build a superconducting induction machine and to investigate how it will operate on hybrid aircraft and rotorcraft. With the recent advent of HTS, the design of cryogenic motors is still in the nascent phases; however, the potential applications of these cryogenic motors are abundant. In order to start this investigation, we designed and built a cryogenic doubly fed cryogenic synchronous wound rotor electric machine. Through this prototype motor, the groundwork will be set for further research to create more practical models of systems to help the advancement of the technology in the industry. The aircraft displayed in Figure 1a and 1b are examples of an all-electric powered tilt-wing aircraft and a future tiltrotor concept for commercial

In this project, we would like to study more on pulse width modulation (PWM) technique which is a powerful technique to control analog circuits with digital outputs. For that, we have to understand about digital oscillation and how its width can affect the output of PWM. Example has been provided in manual and simulation forms to improve our knowledge on PWM. We would also like to study the different types of PWM available today. Lastly, we would like to look at the applications of PWM in our industry especially in power controlling.

D.C Motor is used for variable speed operation because in dc motor torque and flux that can be control independently and that is achieved by armature and field current control respectively. D.C motor has many advantages delivering high starting torque, ease of control and non linear performance. But due to certain disadvantage of dc machine such as mechanical commutator and brush holder required time to time maintenance [1] .So cost of the drive system is increases. But now D.C Motor is less used in industrial applications. Because of low cost, better performance and the requirement of maintenance is less as compared to D.C Motor it make the asynchronous motor advantageous in many industrial applications. SCIM are most widely used than all the rest of the electric motor as they have all the advantages of A.C Motors and are cheaper in cost as compared to slip ring induction motor. Because of absence of slip rings, brush maintenance duration and cost associated with the wear and tear of brush are minimized. Because of these advantages, the induction motor is used in element of most of the electrical drive system for all the conditions like starting, braking, change in speed and speed reversal. To achieve the maximum efficiency of the induction motor drive, so many techniques are developed in the last few years. Now a day’s high switching frequency converters are used for changing the frequency, phase and amplitude of the input to an A.C. Motor can be changed, hence the speed and motor torque can be controlled. With the help of power electronic it is possible to

Helicopter is known for being extremely challenging to fly. The helicopter flight controls enables the pilot to attain a controlled flight. The flight controls differ drastically when compared to the fixed wing aircraft. The advancement in flight controls namely fly-by-wire system has resulted in reducing the complexity of the system. The state of the art fly-by-wire system has resulted in increasing the performance and at the same time reduces the workload of a pilot. The four main controls include - collective pitch control, cyclic pitch control, throttle control and anti-torque pedals. The employment of fly-by-wire has thus paved way for reduction in weight whilst providing more space for comfort and effortless handling. The commercial helicopter are beginning to utilize the fly-by-wire technology after being tried and tested by fixed wing aircraft and military helicopter. The goal of this technical essay is to provide an overview of the evolution helicopter flight controls from the earlier complex analog phase to the present simplified digital phase.

Tesla pointed out the inefficiency of Edison’s direct current electrical powerhouses that have been build up and down the Atlantic seaboard. The secret, he felt, lay in the use of alternating current, because to him all energies were cyclic. Why not build generators that would send electrical energy along distribution lines first one way, than another, in multiple waves using the polyphase

Bose, B. K. (2006): Power Electronics and Motor Drives: Advances and Trends. Amsterdam: AcademicBose, Bimal K. (2011). (PDF). Doha,Qatar. p. 12.Retrieved Feb 8, 2012.

As per references [2], [6], [7], [9] any device with nonlinear characteristics which derive their input power from a sinusoidal electrical system may be responsible for injecting harmonic currents & voltages into the electrical system [2, 6, 7, 9 ]. Francisco C. De la rossa [2] have described ,all possible nonlinear loads . Among them few are Power converters such as Variable frequency drives, DC motor controllers, Cycloconverter, Cranes, Elevators ,Steel mills, Power supplies, UPS,Battery chargers, Inverters & ARC devices such as Fluorescent lighting, ARC furnaces, Welding machines. According to authors [2] ,[7] Even linear loads like power transformers can act nonlinear under saturation conditions. This occurs beyond the so-called saturation knee of the magnetizing curve of the transformer. [2],[7].

Electricity is the physical phenomena associated with the presence and flow of electric charges. It plays a vital role in our day to day life. It is used in industries and household appliances like fan, television, computer, heater etc. Without electricity it is difficult to lead our life comfortably. In present generation, the consumption of electricity is more than its production. Hence, huge amount of electrical energy has to be produced to meet the present requirements. There are a plenty of ways by which electrical energy can be produced which includes the usage of both renewable and non-renewable energy resources like solar energy, wind energy, nuclear energy etc. This proposal deals with the production of electricity by using Magenn Air Rotor System (MARS) which is one of an airborne wind energy systems. It requires very minimal wind to function and its implementation saves the conventional energy sources as well as create pollution free environment.

Since a long time research have been in this filed which now a days finally lead us to the modern aviation industry.

Brushless DC (BLDC) motors are used for many low and medium power drives applications due to their high efficiency, high flux density per unit volume, low maintenance requirement, low EMI problems, high ruggedness and a range of speed control. The commutation in PMBLDCM is accomplished by solid state switches of a three phase voltage source inverter (VSI). There is a necessity of an improved power quality (PQ) as per the

Abstract: Load frequency control problem is considered as one of the most important issues in the design & operation of power systems. Due to lack of good efficiency in parameters variation conditions, working conditions of system and non-linear factors, a simple PI controller is not suitable in industrial applications. Instead, fuzzy controllers can be used in order to enhance the performances of the systems. In this paper, the use of the optimized type-1 fuzzy logic controller using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is proposed to solve the load frequency control problem. To the best of our knowledge, the PSO optimization of fuzzy type-1 controller in order to solve load-frequency control problem, has not been investigated so far. The proposed controller has good performance and is capable to solve the load-frequency control problem in conditions of wide variations of system parameters and nonlinear factors such as generation rate constraint. Simulation results show that the optimized fuzzy controller proposed in this paper exhibits better performance compared to PI controller in damping of system deviations.

The objective of the study is to develop a realizable inverter design that would be reliable, cost effective, efficient, and maintainable. The inverter is to be powered from a 12Vdc/40Ah battery source and it is to generate a 220VAC/50Hz with a power rating 500VA. Other objectives of the study include:

The variable switching technique is a part of the conventional DTC technique . It was firstly introduced by Takahashi and Noguchi around 1980’s this method is the wide band of the switching frequency of the inverter even when the flux and torque references are kept constant. The conventional DTC scheme has some inherent

With tremendous growth of power electronic industry and computer industry, the quality of power has become very