Various Viewpoints on Artificial Insemination

That job has very little honor in this community. “Three years, Three births and that’s all. After that they are Laborers for the rest of their adult lives, until the day that they enter the House of the Old… The Birthmothers never even get to see new children” (p. 22). Today, some women decide to become surrogate mothers of other women’s babies because of several reasons, such as sympathy for the couples who cannot have children of their own or financial reason. However, to carry other women’s children gives surrogate moms great senses of responsibility. They writhe in not only soreness of body, but also agony of mentality. The psychological pain by giving their babies to other women is greater than that of body. Thus, some surrogate mothers refuse to give up their babies sometimes.

Eggs and sperm are stored in thousands of racks, waiting to be fertilized, ““These,” he waved his hand, “are the incubators.” And opening an insulated door he showed them racks upon racks of number test-tubes. “The week’s supply of ova.”” (16) In fertility clinics today, test-tube babies have become normality, in vitro fertilization has contributed to over 5 million births. Yet, just because science has found its way into procreation in today’s society, this does not mean it gives the government more control. It is ultimately the parents’ choice whether or not to have an IVF, something that more and more people have decided to do. People can start to choose whether or not they want certain characteristics to appear in their child, a choice that the government can never take away from them. After being stored, the next task of fertilization begins, “”This hive of industry,” as the Director was fond of calling it. […] Under the microscopes, their long tails furiously lashing, spermatozoa were burrowing head first into eggs.” (136). Though the task of fertilization mirrors the process seen today, it will never be kept in such an orderly fashion of government control as seen in the novel. The novel describes thousands upon thousands of fertilizations in a single week, as the government

Purdy defends surrogate mothering from a consequentialist point of view. Her case is founded on two premises: firstly, that surrogacy is favourable (that is, it brings about pleasure and reduces pain), and secondly, that the practice is only non-traditional and not morally reprehensible. She thus concludes that "appealing to the sacrosanctity of traditional marriage or of blood ties to prohibit otherwise acceptable practices that would satisfy people 's desires hardly makes sense", and thus, surrogacy should be permissible (Purdy, 1999).

The first child to ever be from using test tube techniques happened in the late 1970’s. Although many have applauded this new type of technology, there is an ethical issue on whether or not embryos should be created in test-tube knowing that fact that many are not implanted and have human development. “Octo-Mom” is a classic case that may have changed many people’s perception when it comes to in-vitro fertilization. Many felt that it was ethically wrong for her doctor to conduct that type of procedure to a woman who will not have the ability to provide adequate care for the well-being of her children who may have health issues.

We are living in a new era where technology can help women have babies in unconventional ways. Having children is a personal choice. In some people’s view, government should not be regulating when people should and should not start having a family. The ethical issue is when the parents start applying for governmental benefits after the baby is conceived via In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) and born posthumously. When practicing IVF, are we violating God’s will? This paper is to discuss the views of the four candidates interviewed in relation to posthumous conception and delivery, their views on benefits/inheritance entitlement to these babies, and ethical principles and theories in

Finally, the resolution of this topic is analyzed through a recorded interview and both printed and online articles. The resolution of this issue is society's take on IVF since the birth of Louise Joy Brown, and how this advancement has impacted the world. First analyzed is a recorded interview video from BBC, an international source. This interview is of Louise Brown as an adult, and helps portray the reality of this situation. The interview helps viewers understand that this artificial fertilization technique produced a real, living, breathing human being. She can formulate thoughts and opinions about the medical breakthrough that was her birth. This interview asks Louise what she feels her birth has brought to the world (Brown), but may

Assisted reproductive technologies is “any fertilization consisting of tampering with of gametes/ embryos outside the female body and then putting the gametes/embryos into the female body.” (Donchin 11) These procedures offers a way for several of families who have spent countless time attempting to have a child of their own, but have drained all other possibilities, to do so. The new advancement in reproductive technologies give significant aid to couples who are unable to reproduce, and make many new reproductive arrangements possible. The different options available for adults considering childrearing in unusual ways under new reproductive methods are two-party and third-party assisted reproduction. Assisted reproduction can raise some ethical

We cannot battle those who are infertile for what extent they would go to in order to have a child (Cotton 34). Because of this, regulation of surrogacy is important, especially in terms of those who are not the ones who initiate the process. For surrogates, we must understand the emotional toll they will go through and accept things will not be perfect. Their efforts should be recognized in some form along with appreciation for their cooperation. As a surrogate, they should remember what the purpose of the process is and stick to what they were assigned and agreed to do. Intended parents should understand that when a third party is involved disagreements will occur and compromise should be exerted. They must also recognize as much as they have wanted a child, the surrogate may form the same attachment as they do, so they must address it morally not selfishly. For children, we must consider the complexity of surrogacy, as they are the direct results. They should be given the same respect and care as another other child. Their interests should be kept in mind whether it is from the social parents’ side or the biological parents’

In this day and age several factors have changed the definition of a family. We live in a time where careers, education, and work are now put before starting a family, making it more difficult to have children. The traditional family archetype has changed with a rise in single and homosexual parenting. This change, even though it is a positive one, can result in several people being unable to have children. Infertility treatments have become a popular option for these people who cannot have children. These treatments have become popular in books, movies, and other forms which has brought attention to the ethics of the practices. The ethics of these treatments are challenged by the health risks on people seeking treatments and their

The author presents examples, where couples had to go through devastating loses, as their unborn children was either diagnosed with life shortening diseases, or died prematurely. Examples of miscarriages and severely premature births are also the reality for many of the couples reproducing the natural way. However, the IVF-Treatment allows couples to sort out ‘bad’ embryos from the good ones, allowing science to deliver a nearly guaranteed healthy baby – of the preferred sex – to the couple. With this in mind, people with money is able to sidestep the natural risks associated

How can the principles of ethics (autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice) assist in finding a middle ground on new reproductive technologies?

According to the findings by Mariotti (2012), the psychosocial and emotional components are an integral part of every woman’s pregnancy, and she can make decisions of whether to sustain life in her own uterus or end it (p. 269). At the same time, numerous studies have questioned the personhood of the fetus to provide well-evidenced approaches to evaluation of its social and legal status. Does a woman provide it with all necessary resources and substances like a donor? Does she have a right to extract it from her body in case she does not want to give it life, has some health care issues that put her and the baby at risk, or carries a fetus that was the result of a rape? All those questions are easier to ask than answer, but women should have the right to do with their body everything they want.

IVF raises many of these difficult moral issues. If the above conceptions about the nature of ethics were correct, however, discussion of these issues would either be futile (because morality is a matter of personal choice or opinion) or superfluous (because morality is what a divine or secular authority says it is) (Walters 23). In this paper, I want to suggest that it is not only possible, but also necessary to inquire into the ethics of such practices as IVF because the fact that we can do something does not mean that we ought to do it.

Surrogate Motherhood is something that not many people actually support, even though it “is one of the many reproductive techniques that have enabled infertile couples to have children” (qtd. in Freedman). There are two types of surrogacy, traditional and gestational. The traditional type of surrogacy involves the surrogate mother being (AI) artificially inseminated with the sperm of the intended father or sperm from a donor when the sperm count is low. In either case the surrogate’s own egg will be used. Genetically the surrogate becomes the mother of the resulting child (Storey). Although there are two different types of surrogacy, a traditional surrogacy is rarely seen or done anymore. In gestational surrogacy, the surrogate mother has

Artificial reproductive technology (ART) is defined as procedures which stimulate a woman 's ovaries to produce eggs, the eggs are then removed, combined with sperm, and then returned to a woman 's body (Bell, 2016). ART is becoming more and more popular throughout that globe. This method of conceiving children gives women who may be struggling with infertility options that were not possible before the advent of such methods. ART is relevant to the sociological definition of global health because it is evidence of the fact that our world has become interdependent especially when it comes to medical technology. However with ART comes the notion of the culture of disguise and in many countries this is an integral part of artificial reproductive technology process. With that being said, sociologists should look to study and understand the culture of disguise in ART as it pertains to global health and it shapes interactions between people and the society they live in.