Ventricular Fibrillation Report

At 1130 a second antiarrhythmic drug, Amiodarone 150mg, was administered via intravenous infusion. Its action is unknown however is thought to prolong the action potential duration (Siddoway, 2003). Similar to the Sotolol no effect was noted with the rate or rhythm. The patients blood pressure remained low, 96/67 and heart rate fluctuating between 100-130 beats per minute. The patient was asymptomatic with his blood pressure but remained sweaty and lethargic. He received further intravenous fluids whilst the medical officer discussed his presentation with the cardiology team.

The prediction for this experiment was expected for acetylcholine to decrease the heart rate while caffeine would increase the heart rate and in combination maintain a heart rate close to normal. To obtain results the ghost shrimp was placed in water with 2000 µL of acetylcholine and the beats per minute were calculated and the same amount was used for the caffeine test. The shrimp was allowed to destress in between the tests and was finally placed in water with 2000 µL of acetylcholine and 2000 µL of caffeine. The results demonstrated that compared to the average baseline heart rate, 196 beats per minute, the caffeine increased the beats to 230 while the acetylcholine decreased the beats to 158. Together the stimuli produced an average of 200 beats per minute and produced the closest heart rate to the baseline. The statistical t test scores for acetylcholine, caffeine and in combination were 0.083, 0.029 and 0.37 respectively. These scores demonstrate that acetylcholine and the combination test were not significant enough to demonstrate a change in heart

Cardiogenic shock, according to Werden et al. (2012), is the most common cause of death from an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and has a chance of mortality from thirty percent to eighty percent. Infarction-related cardiogenic shock (ICS) complicates approximately five to ten percent of acute myocardial infarctions (AMI) and remains the leading cause of death in patients hospitalized from an AMI (Kolte et al., 2014). Kolte et al. (2014) also states that the incidence of cardiogenic shock is higher in patients over the age of seventy-five, and has higher prevalence in women, Caucasians, Asians, and Pacific islanders. This paper will discuss the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, tools used to diagnose, and therapeutic management of cardiogenic shock.

Table 2. This table shows the recording of the amplitude, period, and BPMs for the ventricular contractions before and the effects of the Warm Ringer’s after.

American Heart Association (AHA) estimates that nearly 700 Americans die each day of sudden cardiac arrest (MI), or 250,000 every year, as many as 50,000 lives could be saved each year if certain critical interventions were made. (Freeman , 50) A patient who receives early life support measures and defibrillation within one to five minutes of arrest is much more likely to live and to retain normal brain function. The brain is often at a serious risk for irreparable brain damage related to anoxia and many other co-morbidities that are associated with cardiac arrest (MI). When a perfusing cardiac rhythm returns after a heart attack, the most important objective is to preserve brain function. The AHA and the Advanced Life Support Task Force of

The lack or delay in appropriate treatment for individuals who experience a sudden cardiac arrest has created a major public health disparity. Research into pre-hospital treatment and subsequent implementation has historically seen neglect by the medical and scientific community creating vast differences in survivability of cardiac arrests between demographic groups. In 2010, the American Heart Association and Emergency Cardiovascular Care program developed the 2020 impact goal to reduce death from cardiovascular disease and stroke by 20% and double out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survival rates (http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/121/4/586#sec-1). This has prompted a massive influx of research into the disparities that exist and an

This paper will be going over a scenario involving a real patient and what things could have been different with EMS care. It will also be covering what exactly cardiac arrest is and what rhythms produce it. And for every cardiac rhythm in cardiac arrest, there is a specific treatment plan paramedics can follow.

43 percent of alarm conditions indicated non-critical, and “generally non-actionable,” events; 38 percent of alarm conditions indicated premature ventricular complexes (PVCs), which, since a landmark 1988 Cardiac Arrhythmic Suppression Trial (CAST) study, are no longer treated; and 3.6 percent of alarm

Cardiac dysrhythmias come in different degrees of severity. There are heart conditions that you are able to live with and manage on a daily basis and those that require immediate attention. Atrial Fibrillation is one of the more frequently seen types of dysrhythmias (NIH, 2011). The best way to diagnosis a heart condition is by reading a cardiac strip (Ignatavicius &Workman, 2013). Cardiac strips play an chief part in the nursing world allowing the nurse and other trained medical professionals to interpret what the heart is doing. In a normal strip, one can clearly identify a P wave before every QRS complex, which is then followed by a T wave; in Atrial Fibrillation, the Sinoatrial node fires irregularly causing there to be no clear P

Sergio Ramirez Date 11/04/2014 Dr. Rachel Friedman Persuasive Speech Cardiopulmonary resuscitation: Saving a life. Specific Purpose:

Shock is a serious medical issue characterized by insufficient perfusion, which can lead to sepsis and death. A patient going into shock is something that an EMT may face in the field, therefore an EMT must be able to accurately identify and diagnose all types of shock. Although there are many specific types of shock, the most widely accepted division of shock was established by authors of “The Fundamental mechanisms of shock” Hinshaw and cox. Hinshaw and cox explain that shock can be separated into four broad pieces: hypovolemic shock, cardiogenic shock, distributive shock, and extracardiac obstructive shock (Sethi).

Other hemodynamic effects have also been reported with usage of ivabradine. In a study by Kurtoglu et al, ivabradine was seen to improve heart rate variability in non-ischemic patients with heart failure. (26). De Luca et al showed that addition of ivabradine to optimal medical therapy in patients with stable heart failure with preserved ejection fraction with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) > 50% and heart rate > 70 bpm, significantly improved physical performance by increasing exercise capacity (27). Another study in patients with stable ischemic heart failure, NYHA functional class II and LVEF ≤ 40%, confirmed these findings and additionally showed an improved gas exchange (with improvement

Today millions of Americans live or have lived with Atrial fibrillation. The main concern with this health issue is that many people who lived with it sometimes are not aware of it. Atrial fibrillation is defined by Mayo Clinic (2012) as “an irregular and often rapid heart rate that commonly causes poor blood flow to the body”. It occurs when the four chambers of the heart have a disrupted rhythm. The abnormal functionality of health may lead to a stroke because of the possible blood clot that will be formed. The Atrial fibrillation or Afib put the body in a situation without oxygen and nutrients because the body is not well supplied by a heart that is became weak. In general, only few people will feel change in their heartbeat. They may verbalize

Without early intervention on average 360,000 people out of the hospital succumb to cardiac arrest. “ Cardiac arrest and sudden death account for 60 percent of all deaths from coronary artery disease”,(Bledsoe, Porter, & Cherry, 2011,2007,2004, p. 1229)There are several causes of sudden cardiac arrest. Most are caused by ventricular fibrillation. “During ventricular fibrillation, the ventricles do not beat normally. Instead they quiver rapidly and irregularly.” When this occurs, the heart pumps very little and blood does not get circulated throughout the body. “ Most of the cases found with sudden cardiac death are related to undetected cardiovascular disease.("Sudden Cardiac Death," 2015, para. 2)Sudden cardiac arrest are immediate and drastic that includes sudden collapse, no pulse, not breathing, and loss of consciousness. “Four rhythms produce pulseless cardiac arrest: ventricular fibrillation, rapid ventricular tachycardia, pulseless electrical activity and asystole.”("Circulation ," 2005, p. IV-58)Other signs and symptoms that could occur prior to sudden cardiac arrest, include fatigue,

The dataset for ECG signals are obtained from MIT-BIH pyhsionet database. There were two databeses present in the website, one was Normal Sinus Rhythm database(NSR), and other was sudden cardiac death(SCD) database. In this database it had one hour of each pateints ECG record, where 30 minutes were prior to cardiac arrest. Every 5 minutes of ECG srignal were used to record HRV, and thus keeping a window size of 10 minutes, HRV values