Verapamil Hydrochloride Release Report

Aspirin, Caffeine and Salicylamide were extracted from an over-the-counter pain reliever (BC Powder). These components were separated by manipulating their solubilities by adjusting the acidity and basicity of the solution. By doing this, the three components were forced into conjugate acid (or base) forms, causing selective solubility in either an aqueous or organic solvent. These layers were then separated by use of a separation funnel. Once separated, the components extracted were characterized by measuring the melting point and performing a TLC analysis. Also, the recovered aspirin from the first part of the experiment was recrystallized and compared to that of the

Consent – Consent is required in written form from the parent or main care provider of any child before medication will be administered within the setting. This consent includes a signed and completed medication form detailing the type of medication, dose, route and when the medication must be administered. Where the child is able, they must also consent to receive the medication. Where the child is not willing to provide consent staff members may explain the need for taking such medication. If the child still

Compare the solubility of various forms of panadol at body temperature in different pH conditions

Manufacturing theophylline formulations come with challenges for both the anhydrous and hydrate. For the anhydrous form, a study showed that the wet granulation of theophylline anhydrous in conjunction with microcrystalline cellulose, led to the formation of the monohydrate form of the drug. This is significant because the monohydrate has slower dissolution than the anhydrous form of theophylline. Thus the method of manufacture is highly important as the study showed directly compressed pellets had better dissolution profiles. Also it shows the importance of the choice of excipients as pellets manufactured via wet granulation in the absence of microcrystalline cellulose showed similar release to that of directly anhydrous theophylline.

A simple, rapid, sensitive and effective reverse phase ultra performance liquid chromatographic method (RP-UPLC) has been developed and validated an assay for simultaneous quantification of Lamivudine, Abacavir and Dolutegravir in pure and tablet dosage forms. Chromatographic separation was performed by using Waters- Alliance UPLC system equipped with autosampler, PDA detector, zodiac sil RP C18 (4.6×250mm 3.0µm) column, phosphate buffer (pH 3.0) and methanol in the ratio of 30:70 v/v have been delivered at a flow rate of 0.25 mL/min and the detection was carried out using a UV detector at a wavelength 260nm at ambient column temperature. The mobile phase is used as diluent. The retention time (Rt) for Lamivudine, Abacavir and Dolutegravir

Among other approaches tried by scientists, colloidal systems like liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles etc., have shown promise but not many products have made it to the market (7). Nanoparticulate drug delivery systems are gaining much popularity in recent years. Among these, nanoparticulate drug delivery systems from biodegradable and biocompatible polymer are an interesting option for controlled drug delivery and drug targeting (8). Amongst the various drug-delivery systems, solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carrier (NLCs) are potentially attractive choices due to their natural components and easily scaled-up formulation processes. In addition, their hydrophobic core provides a suitable environment for entrapment of hydrophobic drugs (9). Among the important technological advantages of nanoparticles as drug carriers are: high stability (i.e. long shelf life), high carrier capacity (i.e. many drug molecules can be incorporated into the particle matrix), feasibility of incorporation of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances, and feasibility of variable routes of administration (10). NLCs are kind of lipid-based nanoparticles, which has the advantages of biodegradable, brain targeting, well-recognized safety profile by drastically reducing drug-related toxicities through reduction of nonspecific biodistribution (11). NLCs consist of an unstructured solid lipid

Wordell also explained that sustained release tablets have two important advantages over other drugs, one “they are effective for a longer period of time” and “two they frequently cause fewer adverse reactions.” Since sustained release tablets are designed to release the drug slowly over time, crushing or damaging the “wax matrix” may cause the patient to “receive too much of the drug too soon” and the patient “may suffer increased adverse reactions” as explained by Wordell. The expected effect of the drug may also not be met and the symptoms may reoccur before the next schedule dose Wordell further expressed. Sustained released capsule “contains beads” that releases the drugs in the same process as that of sustained release tablets. While you may be able to open a sustained release capsule and mixing the “beads” which food or juice, you must be very carefully and ensure that the beads or not popped during mixing Wordell emphasized. This will also cause the patient to receive too much of the drug at a much faster rate and this will also cause very serious adverse

More than 100 years ago, Mackenzie noted the therapeutic effect of digitalis by slowing the heart rate in atrial fibrillation patients (1). Digoxin was the cornerstone for atrial fibrillation until verapamil was discovered in1967; which shown to be effective in slowing the ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation by Bender and colleagues (2). Klein and colleagues wrote a letter to the editor, in 1980, to report his experience with verapamil-digoxin interaction to result in increased serum digoxin concentrations (SCD) by 58% (3).

This technique relies on a simple liquid phase extraction technique followed by positive electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry detection without involvement of any chromatographic method for quantification of docetaxel in biological matrices. Quantification of drug in biological matrices is necessary to establish pharmacokinetic parameters. The analytical method developed and validated here was further used to determine pharmacokinetic characteristics and biodistribution profile of docetaxel injected to mice in the form of polymeric nanoparticles prepared and characterized in our

Accordingly, in vitro release rate of ketoprofen from KPT7 was the most convenient one among the previously studied tablet formulations showing an optimum lag time of 6hrs followed by a drug release after changing pH from1.2 to

This review presents a survey of challenges associated with formulating MDIs as solution or suspension products with one or more drugs, while considering the physicochemical properties of various excipients and how the addition of these excipients may impact overall product performance of the MDI. Propellants, volatile and nonvolatile cosolvents, surfactants, polymers, suspension stabilizers, and bulking agents are among the variety of excipients discussed in this review article. Furthermore, other formulation approaches, such as engineered excipient and drug-excipient particles, to deliver multiple drugs from a single MDI are also evaluated. The device hardware includes a canister that is appropriately sized to contain sufficient formulation for the required number of doses, a metering valve capable of delivering a consistent amount of drug with each dose delivered, an actuator mouthpiece that atomizes the formulation and serves as a conduit to deliver the aerosol to the patient, and often an indicating mechanism that provides information to the patient on the number of doses

Tramadol HCl is readily soluble in water, ethanol, methanol and the solubility of PCM in different solvents reveals that it was soluble in acetone and ethanol, insoluble in water.

• Controlled release and particle degradation characteristics can be readily modulated by the choice of matrix constituents.Drug loading is relatively high and drugs can be incorporated into the systems without any chemical reaction; this is an important factor forpreserving the drug activity.

In many pharmaceutical industries, spray drying is used to create particles that are utilized to form many oral or inhaled drugs. Thus, these particles are designed to be pressed into tablets or dispersed in aerosols. A spray dryer is a processing unit that produces a mist where the solvent is quickly evaporated, leaving particles that are collected in a cyclone. This quick evaporation leaves the molecules fixed in their current positions, preventing the molecules from finding their stable locations and generating a less stable structure. The structure of the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) affects how the pharmaceutical drugs interact with the body (Vicente). Hence, bioavailability is the extent and rate at which an

The main concept of the project is to design an oral dispersible tablets by using naturally disintegrates.