Vernix's Immune System

What role does the immune system play in keeping the body safe? Please be very specific [9 pts]

After the delivery, the heat from the mom’s body can warm the baby and maintains the baby’s body temperature. For instance, when nursing students were at the operating room at Saint Peter’s Hospital during the C-section delivery, as soon as the baby was out, the doctor placed the newborn on the mother’s chest. When the mother was alert and awake during the C-section made it possible for the baby to stay on her chest on the first hours after the birth. It was one of the most beautiful moments in life. Nevertheless, there was another C-section birth of diabetic mother. She was not fully awake during the C-section and the doctor only did not promote skin-to-skin mother and the newborn. The doctors and nurses at Saint Peter’s Hospital support and encourage skin-to-skin for mother and newborn right after the birth if there is no complication on mother or baby or when the condition is possible. Saint Peter’s Hospital has policy for vaginal delivery, “all infants that meet the criteria for initiate skin-to-skin care shall have skin-to-skin care implemented as the standard of care immediately after birth and as needed thereafter regardless of feeding preference”. They promote skin-to-skin contact between mother and baby immediately after delivery. However, mothers and babies have a physiologic need to be together during the minutes, hours, and days following birth, and this time together significantly improves maternal and newborn outcomes.

The immune system plays a vital role in helping the body to fight diseases, as well as pathogens, the disease-causing factors. It is mainly composed of the tonsils and adenoids, the lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels, the spleen, appendix, and bone marrow. The main purpose of the immune system is to assist the body in its struggle to maintain optimal health.

However, sitz baths are not encouraged until the 2nd or 3rd postpartum day, after the swelling has decreased. Promotion of increased circulation prior to this time will result in increased amounts of swelling, tissue congestion, and pain.

Describe how and why both types of adaptive immunity can cause problems with organ transplantation.

It acts as the baby’s natural defence against a lot of diseases like diarrhoea, anaemia, skin disease, meningitis, etc.

Cross-contamination of newborns must be prevented because they are at risk for infection during their first couple months of life. Their immune system is immature. In the nursery, individual bassinets are provided that have a thermometer, diapers, t-shirts, and bathing supplies for that bassinet. All persons who care for the newborn should scrub first with a microbial soap prior to entering the

closeness with her newborn” (United Sates 3). With all of these proven health benefits, there is

When I was pregnant last year, I contracted a cold. It was terrible because you can't take the majority of medications out there without possible harm coming to the baby. Having to suffer through it without an effective remedy was terrible. We don't realize how lucky we are to have treatments to mask the symptoms of illness. I wish I had known more about how I could have used essential oils during the time I was pregnant. It's best to consult with your doctor before using

Make it very gentle fun – this is a special one-on-one moment to be shared with baby;

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Infant’s temperature is very important. After birth the nurse takes an infant’s temperature frequently to make sure it maintains accurately. When parents bring their infants home it needs to stay the same. In “Home Temperature for a New Baby” Dr.Iannelli states “that most experts recommend that you keep your home at a 'comfortable' temperature of between 68 to 72 degrees Fahrenheit” (Iannelli, 2007,

The organs that make up the lymphatic and immune system are the tonsils, spleen, thymus gland, lymph nodes, and lymphatic vessels. White blood cells (leukocytes), red blood cells (erythrocytes), plasma, and platelets (thrombocytes) make up the blood. Lymphocytes are leukocytes (white blood cells) that help the body fight off diseases. Two types of lymphocytes are B cells and T cells. Lymphocytes recognize antigens, or foreign substances/matter, in the body. Lymphocytes are a classification of agranulocytes, or cells (-cytes) without (a-) granules (granul/o) in the cytoplasm. B cells are created from stem cells, which are located in the bone marrow. B cells respond to antigens by becoming plasma cells. These plasma cells then create antibodies. Memory B cells produce a stronger response with the next exposure to the antigen. B cells fight off infection and bacteria while T cells defend against viruses and cancer cells. A hormone created by the thymus gland called thymosin changes lymphocytes into T cells. The thymus gland is active when you are a child and slowly shrinks, as you get older. T cells bind to the antigens on the cells and directly attack them. T cells secrete lymphokines that increase T cell production and directly kill cells with antigens. There are three types of T cells: cytotoxic T cells, helper T cells, and memory T cells.

Once baby is born and the umbilical cord is cut baby is taken by nurses strait to a radiant warmer. Maintaining thermoregulation of an infant is of high priority after the infant leaves mothers womb. Nurses will dry the infant with towels to prevent heat loss they can experience from evaporating amniotic fluid left on the skin. Nurses also place babies in a radiant warmer where a skin probe can be placed over the spleen or liver area. Doing this acts as a thermostat to the radiant warmer so that the setting of heat will be properly administered. After babies head and body are examined babies have a hat placed on their heads to help with heat loss and are wrapped in warm

Therapeutic techniques offered by midwives, such as hydrotherapy and water births, have been a topic of debate. Critics claim that water births can cause a series of problems for the mother and the baby. Water temperature has been an issue brought up, obstetricians feared babies would breathe in water and drown, and pediatricians worried that infants would develop infections. According to Sheila Kitzinger, “further investigation revealed that [temperature] was very unlikely to be the cause of these babies’ problems” (214). An infant drowning is an understandable fear; however, a baby is more likely to drink the water than to breathe it in and retain fluid in their lungs. A baby’s lungs are not fully developed at birth, and this is why aspiration