Vertebrates and Invertebrates

a. There is a very limited amount of Amphibians and Reptiles in Alaska, out of the total amount of reptiles and amphibians there is only four different types of reptiles and they are all turtles. There is four different amphibians Toad, Newt, Salamander, Frog. The reason why the amphibians and reptiles can’t live in Alaska is because they need to be in the water and you can’t go in water when it is either frozen or negative twenty degrees so if they tried to lay their eggs they could die in the coldness of the water, and they could not make it to adulthood.

The scientific name for the Eastern Spadefoot toad is Scaphiopus holbrookii. They have vertically elliptical pupils with grayish or blackish brown- skin with olive skin scattered with warts. Two yellow lines originate from each eye and formed a lyre shaped pattern along each side of the body. The sickle- shaped spade on the side of its foot belongs to the primitive amphibian family that is neither true frog nor true toad.

The green sea turtle occurs throughout tropical and subtropical oceans and is among the largest of the hard-shelled sea turtles growing to as much as 440 pounds and four feet in length. The breeding populations in Florida were listed as endangered in 1978 (43 FR 32800 32811, July 28, 1978) whereas all other populations were listed as threatened (NOAA 2015h). There is a proposal for identification of a North Atlantic green sea turtle distinct population that would be listed as threatened, continuing its current listing status near New York (80 FR 51763 51764, August 26, 2015). They are found in the shallow waters (except during migration) of shoals, bays, lagoons reefs, and inlets, often where submerged aquatic vegetation exists, from Maine south to Florida, and throughout the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea (USFWS 2015n, 2015o; NOAA 2015e). Green sea turtles nests are not present in New York; however, they occasionally are found stranded on or near the shore (NYSDEC 2015ad). Breeding takes places in subtropical to tropical oceans every two, three, or four years between June and September, with peak nesting in June and July (NOAA 2015h; USFWS 2015u). Hatching usually occurs at night, and many green sea turtle hatchlings seek refuge and food in masses of floating sea plants (USFWS

Many other animals besides dinosaurs lived during the Cretaceous. These animals were very diverse and included pterosaurs, ancient flying reptiles,

The cane toad, also known as rhinella marina, got its bad reputation soon after being released into the Australian ecosystem in 1935 with the expectation that it would control the destructive cane beetle population. However, instead of controlling pests, the cane toad became a pest of its own. About 3,000 cane toads were released in the sugarcane plantations of north Queensland in 1935. There are now more than a million cane toads and their still expanding over an area of thousands of square kilometres in northeastern Australia. They are large, amphibians with dry, warty skin, and are native to the southern United States, Central America, and tropical South America. Their numbers are controllable in their normal range, but they have boomed

During my summer on August 23, 2015, my brother and I went to Kensington metro park to see if we could catch a frog. At the park we found a pond full of frogs and we finally caught a frog called The Bull frog, it had green and brown spots and a bright green upper lip and a creamy yellowish belly, it was three to eight inches long. Bull frogs is mostly found statewide, but numbers have been reduced locally due to overharvesting for "frog legs." Now rare over much of state. The Bullfrog could be as the size of a toad, but there is a big difference. Frogs have two bulging eyes

Pacific Coast of Colombia is the main place where you would see the poisonous frog. Many tropical rain forests in this area are disappearing because of the farmlands that are being produced, causing Golden Poison Dart Frogs to be designated as an endangered species. The lowland rain forests, that contain steep rocky terrains, is a main habitat for the frog. The elevation is 100ft to 200ft, with the temperature

          As water pollution increases and water quality declines so do the hellbender populations. The large amphibians breath entire through their skin, and like any amphibian, can absorb nearly anything through it. Chemical runoff from pesticides and herbicides, and siltation from nearby

The display will be strategically placed near the entrance of a tropical rainforest exhibit concerning rainforest preservation and animal conservation. The display of the new discovery of H. dianae is used to trigger visitors to think seriously and be concerned about the tropical rainforest ecology, diversity, and conservation. The most important lesson is that it is crucial to save the remarkable tropical rainforest, and the present existing and future new discovered beautiful species before they become extinct.

Anaxyrus terrestris or more commonly known as southern toads are a nocturnal toad species common to southeastern areas ranging from Virginia to Florida and eastern Louisiana (Partymiller, L.). St. Andrews University which is located in Laurinburg, North Carolina, is the home of a carolina bay which is the perfect habitat for southern toads. This bay, in turn provides for a large abundance of southern toads.

Adult velociraptors grow to be about six feet tall and weigh about 200 pounds. They can rip open prey with their single-toed six-inch claw, the three claws on their hands, or their powerful jaws. Velociraptors’ legs are so muscular they can jump ten feet straight into the air and can run very fast. Malcolm says, “Cheetah speed. Sixty, seventy miles per hour” (Crichton, 132). Velociraptors have long, pointed snouts and leathery skin with a pebbled texture which can be either yellow brown with darker reddish stripes or dark green with brown stripes. The procompsognathus is a very small, lizard-like dinosaur. Crichton writes, “Standing like that, it was almost a foot tall, dark green with brown stripes along its back” (Crichton, 14). Procompsognathids

Fish started to evolve during the Cambrian explosion. Early fish fossil records act for by a small group of fish that are jawless and that have armored scales, which are known as ostracoderms. Jawless fish lineages are mostly extinct. An extant clade, the lampreys may indefinite ancient pre-jawed fish. The first fish with jaws were found in Placoderm fossils. The range of jawed vertebrates may indicate the evolutionary advantage of a jawed mouth. It is not clear if the advantage of a hinged jaw has a stronger biting force, improved respiration, or a combination of

After approximately two months of a female mother green sea turtle giving birth, the eggs hatch and the hatchlings make their way to the water. The newly hatched green sea turtles are very susceptible to predators, exposure and losing their way. Birds, mammals and other predators love feasting on the young turtles. One of the greatest threats to hatchlings is light pollution near beach nesting sites. The light from buildings and homes confuses the young turtles so that they crawl towards the light and not the ocean.Threats to Green Sea Turtles: Direct and Indirect Overexploitation, Green sea turtles and their food are over hunted; Disease Fibropapilloma, Development; light pollution near beach nesting sites confuses hatchling sea turtles to travel to the light instead of the ocean, Habitat Loss, and Global Warming.” According to the article “Green Sea

Dinosaurs come in many different colors and sizes. The lifespan of a dinosaur is 75 to 300 years. Their daily life is hunting, mating, using the bathroom, and migrating. The defense mechanisms helped them repair their injuries 150 mya. The bone structures are the skull, jaws, neck bones, vertebrae, thigh, pelvis, tail, and rib bone. Dinosaur’s average speed is about 27 mph. Dinosaurs find their food by hunting, which is each other and some eat plants. They reproduce by hatching newborns from eggs. Some communicate by their horns or flickering the tip of their tails. Baryonyx stomach contents were found to contain fish scales, is an example of predator-prey relationship. Some animals that are related to dinosaurs are lizards, because of their skin texture.

Furthermore, the diet of both animals are very different. To begin with, Salamanders are carnivores.