After ensuring the safety of the citizens and himself on the scene, there is no role more important for a patrolman than gathering the facts. Depending on the crime scene, evidence can be everywhere from; the victim, suspect, witnesses, family members, and the location where the crime was committed. All facts gather during an investigation could become inadmissible in court if not gather correctly.
Victims and witnesses can potentially make or break a case. Victims are emotionally attached to the circumstances of the crime, their statements could change from crime scene to investigators Bureau, to prosecutors office. The victim’s words have to be recorded exactly as they report them. Because that record is the best evidence, a prosecutor
Running Head: Critical Thinking Essay Module 1: The History of Victimology 1 Leanna Benson (2017) The History of Victimology Word Count: 788 Instructor: Jeffeory Hynes 2 The History of Victimology About 3,800 years ago in 1780 B.C, an early civilization called Babylonian was the first to document a set of laws. They were called the code of Hammurabi which centralized on retribution for victims of crime. Protection for victims was also a meaningful part of the law, which was a head of its times.
This is a picture of what victimology is. It is also sometimes a best case scenario, a dream too good to be true for many areas in the USA. CSI and other shows demonstrate how this process might work under the most ideal of conditions with the most highly trained and most capable of
The victims in a NCR case are not disregarded and have their own role to play in the way the hearings unfold depending on their desire, or degree of involvement. There are many options available for the victim to participate, receive information or get a sort of closure with an NCR case. Notifications are provided to those impacted by the crime regarding hearing dates, locations, and outcomes for as long as they wish to receive them, or until/if the patient is granted absolute discharge. A victim can prepare, and/or read, if they so chose to, a written impact statement which will be considered by the Board at the Review Board hearings. These impact statements will allow the victim to have a voice about the crime itself and its effects,
“Victims” and “evidence,” and “motive” are words that investigators use when they are investigating a crime, these individuals have to
Previous research on victim impact statements has indicated that higher emotionality of the victim impact statements will lead to harsher punishments of the defendant (Myers et al., 1999; Myers et al., 2002), as well as favorability towards the victim (Myers & Greene 2004). Contradictory to earlier findings, participants who were not perspective taking with the
While entering the crime scene, the first responding officer should look out for any evidence which is present on the ground. There have some cases in which the first responding officer stepped on the evidence such as blood or
When preparing for an interview, a great deal of thought and consideration needs to be completed before the interview even begins. The person conducting the interview needs to think about where the interview is going to take place, the time of which it will occur at, and what kind of technology will be used. They need to review the file and consider who is being interviewed, what the person has experienced, and how they may be affected. Interviewing someone is a crucial part of policing, and ultimately helps police solve crimes. When it is done properly, it can be very successful, but if it is not done properly, it could ultimately end an investigation. Therefore, an interview can either be successful or not, and here are some points displaying the success and improvements that can be done in interviews.
First, the human memory does not record all information like a video recorder. Mistaken eyewitness testimony is one of the major causes of wrong conviction. Events of crimes, will have so much stress or focus on a weapon, than the face of criminal (Wrongful Convictions , n.d.). The victim’s or eyewitness’s memory can be changed with an easy simple suggestion. Police procedure dealing with key witnesses by a “show up”. This is showing the suspect in a physical or a picture line up. The confidence of accuracy of identification and exhibited by the witness is a “crucial determinant of believability” by jurors (Furman, 2003). The best result of eyewitness testimony is taken identification immediately. The
I believe restorative justice practitioners should place more focus on victim restoration. I understand offender rehabilitation back into the community is key for many not to become re-offenders and for them to successful function back into the community, however they are not the ones who have been violated. The victims and co-victims need healing and vindication most of all. A lot of times in the criminal justice system the trial process can treat victims unfairly with attacking allegations resulting in their secondary victimization. As the victim feels pain and psychological suffering of what took place the families of both victim and offender can feel the same way. However, "the ability to ask questions and more importantly obtain answers
Now a day’s evidence can change a person’s life in the blink of an eye. “People were often punished for crimes based on the word of one or two individuals, with little concern given to sorting out the truth of the affair” (Hunter 12). But today a person must be tried and some physical evidence is needed in order for a person to be convicted of a crime.
In the debate of rights, a victim’s rights are more significant than the criminal’s. The suspect violated the victim, causing the person harm and loss. In the criminal justice system there are an abundance of laws that protects the violator; preventing the defendant from being persecuted twice for the same offense, the right to face their accuser in court, and from cruel and unusual punishment. The offender makes a choice to partake in deviant activities and break the law, while the victim in most cases is the innocent one whom been mistreated. My defense between victim and criminal rights, I believe that victim rights are more important in a trial.
When a crime has been reported, the responding officer and/or detective have to note the dispatch information such as address/location, time, date, type of call, parties involved. The officer(s)/detective(s) have to be observant when approaching, entering and exiting a crime scene such as look, listen and smell.
Police officers are public officials that have a legal and ethical duty to members of the public including the suspect in a criminal investigation. Private security investigators are hired by a business or organization and are not held to the high legal and ethical standard faced by the police but they also do not have the same power of discretion. Law enforcement is responsible for investigating crimes that occur within their jurisdiction while private security investigates legal, financial, and company matters. Public criminal investigation involve the search for a criminal that if identified will be arrested and tried for the crime while private investigation involve
Victimisation is the process of learning the various ways that authority figures determine who is a victim, while also educating the person on how to become the victim. Secondary victimisation, also known as double victimisation refers to the way the state responds to victimisation. The states response has the potential to add further burdens on to the victim. Three main components of the criminal justice system will be focused on in this paper; these are enforcement, adjudication and punishment. This paper will identify why the criminal justice system tend to commit secondary victimisation towards the victims. It will also discuss the pains of victimisation and how secondary victimisation has the ability to amplify these pains. The paper will also identify reforms that have been put in place in order to minimise the occurrence of secondary victimisation.
The history of victimology travels further back in time than most would realize. The concept of the victim emerged from the many attempts of many societies and peoples to explain both the reasons behind victimization and the appropriate action to be taken as a result of it (Burgess et al., 2013). As a concept, it can be difficult to define victimology, since each individual defines the term differently. According to the text utilized for this class, victimology is defined as being the study of the victim, including the offender and society. It is also seen as being a social-structural way of viewing the relationships between crime and the law as well as the criminal and the victim (Burgess et al, 2013)..