Video Display Terminal Office Work: A Case Study

Americans work more than any other country in the industrialized world, which means they spend more time sitting and more time in a sedentary, often non-ergonomic position. What people may not know is that bad posture for an extended period of time can affect mood, health and ultimately, productivity in the workplace.

Although it is recognized that an intricate relationship between the worker and workplace stressors results in neck pain, a synthesis of preventive factors or workplace interventions has not been identified to reduce this incidence (Gross AR, Kaplan F, Huang S, et al. Psychological Care, Patient Education, Orthotics, Ergonomics and Prevention Strategies for Neck Pain: An Systematic Overview Update as Part of the ICON Project. Open Orthop J. 2013;7:530-61. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24133554

DOI: 6/24/2016. Patient is a 46-year-old male operator who sustained injury while he was operating a crane when it stopped suddenly, jerking his back. Per OMNI, he was initially diagnosed with low back sprain/strain.

On examination of the neck, there is tenderness over the facet joints and paraspinal muscles. Spasms are noted over the paraspinal muscles. There is tenderness and trigger points in the trapezius muscles bilaterally. Range of motion is limited. Extension is 40 degrees. Flexion is 25 degrees. Rotation is 40 degrees bilaterally. Lateral flexion is 25 degrees bilaterally.

Neck pain is a common condition, ranking as the fourth most burdensome disease worldwide. Evidence suggests that rates of recurrence and chronicity are high (Borghouts et al, 1998; Hoving et al, 2001), which results in considerable functional and economic implications (Vos et al., 2010). Joint mobilization (JM) is widely acknowledged as an effective intervention (Childs et al., 2008); and the UPA is an entry-level form of JM commonly used by physiotherapists globally. However, a Cochrane review indicated that the most effective cervical JM dosage has yet to be determined (Gross et al., 2010). Unilateral anterior glide (UPA) appears to be more efficacious for pain relief and outcomes in patients with unilateral neck pain compared to other JM techniques (Egwu, 2008). The rationale behind the pain modulation attained with JM has been suggested to be as a result of neurophysiologic mechanisms (Bialosky et al., 2008). For example, spinal manipulative therapy has been associated with increased afferent discharge (Colloca et al., 2003), motoneuron pool depression (Dishman et al., 2005), changes in motor activity (Herzog, 1999; DeVocht, 2005) and reduction of pain perception in response to a standard stimulus (George, 2006; Vicenzino, 1996). The neurophysiologic system that alters pain overlaps with blood pressure (BP) as observed in BP-related hypoalgesia (Vincenzino, 1998; Sterling, 2001). Therefore, BP is a pertinent and easily quantified variable to examine to ensure

The patient is suffering from severe neck pain. The TENS is being used to decrease the pain is feeling in the neck and upper shoulders. The patient has a decreased range of motion in the cervical spine. Self -mobilization, and self-stretches can help increase the range of motion in the cervical spine. The patient has weakness in the cervical muscles but pain is elicited with added resistance. Since the patient is in a pain, starting with isometric contraction of the muscles will help strengthen the muscle without movent, provoking pain. Isometrics contraction is a good way to promote contraction of the muscle tissues, with lengthening the muscle. Ther patient C6 vertebrae is rotated to the right, which may contribute to the hypomobility

Regarding follow-up in 4 weeks; ODG states that evaluation and management (E&M) outpatient visits to the offices of medical doctor(s) play a critical role in the proper diagnosis and return to function of an injured worker, to monitor the patient’s progress, and make any necessary modifications to the treatment plan. 01/13/16 Progress Report noted that the patient has persistent neck, bilateral shoulder, mid back, bilateral upper extremity, lower back, and bilateral knee pain. The exam revealed that there were tenderness and muscle spasms about the thoracic spine. ROM of the cervical spine, thoracic spine and lumbar spine was decreased in all planes. There was tenderness over the bilateral upper cervical facet regions. Considering pain and functional limitations in multiple body parts, it seems medically necessary to monitor the patient and make any necessary adjustments to his treatment plan. Recommend certification.

The aim of this study is to research the effect of a chiropractic adjustment on the shoulder and the cervical spine, and compare to dry needling of the shoulder and cervical musculature.

This study discusses how posture and workstation setup are related to risk factors for musculoskeletal disease; the recommendations provided include using magnifying glasses, proper positioning, stretching activities, etc. This study is useful for our research because it introduces ergonomic modifications, such as biomechanical and organizational factors, to minimize the potential for developing musculoskeletal disorders.

Musculoskeletal injury is an all too common occurrence in the work place. In 1991, it was estimated that over 19 million U.S. workers were affected annually by work related injuries. As for these injuries, this paper will serve to briefly examine musculoskeletal injury of the shoulder and how they occur in the work place.

We hypothesize students will have a lower prevalence of upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders compared to clerical workers.This study was a cross-sectional design, Dental and dental hygiene students from three schools were compared to clerical workers from three locations (an insurance company and two data processing plants). There were 343 dental and dental hygiene students and 164 age-matched clerical workers. Clerical workers had a higher prevalence of hand symptoms (62 percent vs. 20 percent), elbow symptoms (34 percent vs. 6 percent) and shoulder/neck symptoms (48 percent vs. 16 percent) and a higher prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome (2.5 percent vs. .6 percent) and upper extremity tendinitis (12 percent vs. 5 percent). The clerical workers were more obese, smoked more, exercised less frequently, and had lower educational levels and less control of their work environment. Dental and dental hygiene students have a very low prevalence of upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders. A longitudinal study is necessary to evaluate ergonomic and personal risk factors. The study had clear results but the factors were to variable to account for, as lifestyle has a huge impact in health related ailments. This is just a small sample amount of the research conducted at the University Of Illinois at Chicago each

In the journal article, the authors found that there were higher rate of work -related pain which located on low back, neck, shoulder, hands and wrist affecting the work and work habit undoubtedly of the physical and occupational therapists based on the past researches. However, the effects of productivity, therapist’s quality of life, quality of patient care and long term career plans are still unknown. Therefore, the purposes of the study is to examine the experiment of work- related pain, determine the impacts of working with work –related pain and indicate how the pain interacts with works, job satisfaction, network activities, personal life and career planning on both occupational and physical

DOI: 1/4/2010. The patient is a 61-year-old right-hand dominant male driver who sustained a work-related injury to his lumbar spine, neck and shoulders

In 1991, NIOSH reported that there is a high level of neck/shoulder girdle discomfort in Video Display Terminal office worker (Sauter 1991). In individuals with no neck pain, even just 20 minutes of typing seems to depress AND displace the scapula away from midline and posture re-education of the scapula appears to correct this (Park 2013). Office workers with more severe neck pain seem to have more protracted acromion (suggesting a tight pectoralis minor), and some postural deficits in head-neck side flexion and rotation angles during the performance of their occupational tasks may imply that levator scapula and/or upper trapezius may be tight as well (Szeto et al 2002, and Szeto et al 2005a and 2005b).

Inability to sit in cases of back incare of neck or incare cervical injury person will have difficulty in holding neck & variable degree of pain on movements of neck