Vitamin D

Along with all the worries and complications a woman might face while pregnant, one of the more serious conditions is gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes occurs in 4% of all pregnancies (Seibel, 2009). Many women are not informed about the disease, some may not know that they need to be tested, and others may have heard about it, but want more information on what may cause it and/or how to prevent and treat it. Either way this disease needs to be taken seriously by every pregnant woman or woman planning to get pregnant to protect not only herself but the unborn child.

Offer lifestyle advice and check a FBG at 6-13 weeks after birth in those women with GDM. Do not routinely offer an oral glucose tolerance testo

The presenter then went on to say that 70% of women who are at an age where there reproductive system still works properly are deficient in vitamin D. She then talked to me about how this was linked to greater maternal weight. Women who were lacking in Vitamin D would have a much higher chance having Caesarean compared to a woman who was not overweight and was sufficient in vitamin D. Kristen A Sawka pointed out in her conclusion that early pregnancy weight was correlated with having lower vitamin D and that nutritional counseling was important to promote optimal weight and vitamin D levels before and during pregnancy may promote ideal pregnancy outcomes. In other words she is saying the two topics are linked. After listening to this presentation I found the

Women with GDM are at elevated risk for numerous maternal health complications, and their infants are at elevated risk for death and morbidity. (Dye, Knox, Artal, Aubry, & Wojtowycz, 1997)It developed in one out of twenty five pregnancies worldwide. Frequently it occurs in African Americans, Hispanic/Latino Americans, American Indians, and people with a family history of diabetes than in other groups. It usually disappears after pregnancy, but the mother and the child are at big risk of developing type two diabetes.

Rickets is a disease that deals with a deficiency with Vitamin D. Vitamin D is important by controlling calcium and phosphate levels. If the blood levels of these minerals become too low, the body may produce hormones that cause calcium and phosphate to be released from the bones eventually this leads to weak and soft bones. (2) Throughout this paper we will go over a variety of characteristics involving the disease of Rickets, these includes things such as: causes of disease, risk factors, significance statistics of Rickets, diagnosis, treatment, disease changes and comorbidity/comortality.

Gestational diabetes, affecting approximately 3-10% of pregnancies, is diagnosed by hyperglycemia during pregnancy in women without a history of diabetes. The underlying cause of gestational diabetes remains unknown, although the interference of pregnancy hormones, such as human placental lactogen, with susceptible insulin receptors, has been considered. The patients usually have few symptoms, and they are often diagnosed by screening during routine pregnancy check-up. For the mother, glucose intolerance typically disappears after the baby is born. However, gestational diabetes often places the body at risk. Babies born to mothers with poor hyperglycemia control are often at increased risk of series problems including macrosomia, which associates with a high chance of C-section, shoulder dystocia, hypoglycemia after birth, polycythemia as well as multiple chemical disorders.

There is an unresolved debate on whether routine HbA1c’s are not cost effective and the model should remain as women receiving a polycose test at 24-28 weeks. An HbA1c is a blood test that requires no consumption of concentrated glucose drinks or fasting. It measures the amount of blood glucose over the prior 120 days (Sevket, Sevket, Ozel, Dansuk & Kelekci, 2014). It has however been concluded that HbA1c’s are not an alternative for diagnosis of GDM and are not useful in reduces the need for further diagnostic testing (Sevket, Sevket, Ozel, Dansuk & Kelekci, 2014). Therefore not all guidelines are updated to follow these recommendations supported by the MOH (2014) REFERENCE and REFERENCE. The algothrithm for ADHB (2013) and WDHB (2012) follow the ‘risk screening’ approach where only women with risk factors are offered an HbA1c, all other women are offered the routine polycose at 24-28 weeks. Victorias midwife followed these guidelines. The screening and diagnosis of GDM also detects unrecognised type two diabetes and rarely type one (Pairman et al., 2015) because the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus includes insulin resistance, similar to GDM. Thus pregnancy provides a window of opportunity to identify women at risk of developing type 2 diabetes or who may be in the prediabetic state (Lacroix et al, 2013; Chasam-Taber, 2015). Prehaps if Victoria was offered an HbA1c at booking her GDM might have been recognised earlier.

I love that you clearly did some research. I must say I disagree with your opinion, and I can provide valid resources to help backup my statements. My intent is not to offend you, rather to simply share facts.

Vitamin intake is a commonly overlooked necessity in basic nutritional health. What most people do not know is that certain vitamin deficiencies can cause many health risks and problems. Many people believe that are getting all the vitamins they need from their diet, however most of the time they are not. One of the most common vitamin deficiencies is the low intake of Vitamin D. There are some vitamins that are produced by the body such as vitamin K; however some of the most important vitamins are not produced by the body. Vitamin D is one of the vitamins that our body needs to function correctly that is not naturally produced by the body. Vitamin D can be consumed through

Gestational Diabetes is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy due to elevated glucose levels. Complications of gestational diabetes include macrosomia, preterm labor, and respiratory distress. It can also lead to diabetes later in life for the mother. Normalizing blood sugars is an important way to prevent these complications and maintain a healthy pregnancy (Lowdermilk 2014). In a research study of pregnant women, it examined the outcomes of pregnancies if glucose testing was done continuously vs self-monitoring.

All vitamins, of DV’s daily consumption, which are essential for normal cell function, growth, and development of the human body are in excess of recommended limits, except the vitamin D, that vitamin builds bones and teeth in the human body, which is in deficiency for 10mg. However, DV takes vitamin D supplements recommended by her physician, of 1,25 mg (1250 mg) per week or 180 mg daily. Other vitamins as C, E and folic acid intake is exceeded the norm for almost the twice. B12 and Riboflavin consumption is elevated more than 3 times.

Most patients that are diagnosed with T2DM are noted to be either overweight or obese. High levels of body fat percentage, high body mass index (BMI), lack of physical activity, hypertension and some ethnicities (Hispanic, south Asian and Middle Easterns) are important risk factors for this type of disease. There are also some genetic markers risk factors and there is often a history of the disease in the family, however these factors are not used in routine diagnosis practice (Solis- Herrera et al., 2014). In this more prevalent type of diabetes, the cause for hyperglycaemia (high level of blood glucose) is considered to be a combination of both an increased resistance to the action of insulin and an inadequate insulin secretion response. At the time of diagnosis almost all patients have some degree of impaired insulin secretion (Defronzo, 2009). It depends on the degree of hyperglycaemia, however, after some level it can cause functional and pathological changes to some tissues but without any symptoms. For this reason, the dysfunction in the β cells can be present for a long period of time, before it can be diagnosed. However, it is still possible to be diagnosed by measuring blood glucose levels of individuals at a fasting state, during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) or via measurements of HbA1c in

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an intolerance of glucose documented for the first time during pregnancy. It is usually a short-term type of diabetes and the most common health problem with pregnant women. GBM is caused by the way the hormones in pregnancy affect the mother. GDM accounts for 5-7% of all pregnancies (American Diabetes Association, 2010). During pregnancy the placenta develops and becomes the main bond between the mother and the baby. It is used to make sure the baby has and gets enough nutrients. The placenta makes several hormones which make it hard for insulin to control blood glucose and block the action of the mother’s insulin in her body (American Diabetes Association, 2010). Hormonal changes during the

It is a recognised certainty that nutrition is a fundamental requirement to sustain a healthy lifestyle and is also extremely valuable when recovering from an illness or an injury. Nutrients are absorbed in the body and this physiological process is essential for homeostasis and ensuring equilibrium is sustained within the body as without enough food and drink the body will not function correctly (Edwards & Thomas, 2009). This essay will provide information on folic acid and its properties, its role and the midwife’s role and responsibility in informing women in the early stages of pregnancy

A study published in Archives of Internal Medicine found that 75 percent or more of American teens and adults are deficient in Vitamin D. That is why we have so many serious illnesses, like cancer, diabetes and heart disease (Huff, 2010).