Vitro Fertilization And The Future Essay

There exist many reasons why a couple would be unable to have a child. A significant factor in this sterility is uterine factor infertility, affects 3-5% of women, rendering them unable to bear their own children (Caplan 682). Uterine factor infertility can come about as the result of any number of conditions, ranging from complications in previous pregnancies to infection to congenital disorders such as Mullerian Agenesis, in which a woman is born without internal reproductive organs (Lftkowitz et al. 440). In the past, persons affected by this condition would have few options apart from adoption or surrogacy. Now there is a new option available to these women. Recent advances in medicine have created the possibility of transplantation of many organs that used to be considered difficult or impossible to transplant, such as hands and faces. Doctors in Sweden have pioneered a technique to transplant a uterus from a healthy patient into one who is unable to bear children (BBC). They have successfully transplanted healthy uteri from donors into patients with uterine factor

In vitro fertilisation (IVF) marks a great step forward in medical technology, and Australia is a leader in the field. IVF is now a popular procedure for couples who are infertile or are having trouble conceiving. However, it raises ethical, moral and legal issues including the rights of an individual, property rights, the definition of human life, scientific experimentation versus a potential human life, religion, costs, and community, medical and taxpayer’s rights.

On June 25th 1978 Louis Brown, the first “test tube baby” was born. She weighed 5 pounds, 12 ounces .Her parents, Lesley and John Brown, had been trying to conceive for nine years. They faced complications of blocked Fallopian tubes and were willing to try the experimental and risky procedure. (“PBS”) the process of in vitro includes harvesting eggs and sperm, fertilizing the egg and then placing the freshly fertilized egg into the mother. Today, despite the high cost, in vitro fertilization has become the most popular option for women having trouble conceiving. In 2013, IVF resulted in over 50,000 births. (cdc.gov)

Ruth Hubbard convinces the audience of her perspectives of the in vitro policy with her stern concern. Yet, she begins her argument with a counter argument, that the procedure had been done before. By providing an example of three cases

After the birth of Louise Brown, first in the world test-tube baby, the techniques of Assisted Reproduction have gained a very large diffusion and a great effort has been put to improve the knowledge of the complex mechanisms residing behind human reproduction. Yet, the results are often disappointing, with a chance for pregnancy ranging from around 60% in young patients till around 24% in women above the age of 40. Repeated attempts to conceive after sometimes years, are disappointing and truly devastating for people willing to have a family. The disappointment can become all-consuming, principally for the woman who feels guilty and the sole accountable of the failure.

When a husband and wife want to have a child, but one or both of them are infertile, they must use alternatives to normal reproduction. In vitro fertilization, most commonly known as I.V.F., is the approach of removing the eggs from a fertile healthy female and the infertile female’s ovaries, removing the nucleic materials from the healthy female’s eggs and placing them into the infertile female’s eggs. Then they take the sperm from the male’s gonads, and then they are transfused inside of the glass science dish called a Petri dish. All of which is usually happening in a laboratory or in a safe environment where the egg can be fertilized by the sperm without being exposed to the outside air. Because in vitro fertilization is still under scrutiny by the FDA and has yet to be accepted, it is considered illegal, although even if an infertile couple wants to go ahead with the illegal act and do in vitro fertilization, it is quite the costly procedure with prices ranging from $5,000 to $20,000 in some

The 21st century is said to be the best time to be human and to be alive compared to our history as people. We have seen the remarkable happen in the past 10 years within medical advances such as the discoveries of the Human Genome Project, HIV Cocktails, Stem Cell Research, Cancer Therapies and the list goes on. These medical advances have changed the face of humanity in all the right ways and our future generations have a fighting chance to proceed and enjoy the lives that we have provided for them. One of the greatest medical advances which help thousands of families every year is In-Vitro Fertilization or commonly known as IVF. IVF in itself is the procedure of fertilization where an egg and sperm is combined in a laboratory by a doctor then is proceeded to be transferred into a woman’s uterus. In the cycle of pregnancy, the male normally ejaculates into a woman which then leads to the male’s sperm enter the woman’s egg then it would then become fertilized. An issue that many women face is becoming pregnant naturally due to complications in the body or something as simple as age. According to the ARM (American for Reproductive Medicine), about 1% of infants across the U.S. have been conceived through the help of IVF.

In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF) can still be considered a relatively new technology, only being around generally for thirty years. Through advancements of IVF, other technologies like that of stem cell research have also advanced.”IVF and related bioscience and biomedical technologies have become a normal part of contemporary life”(Sasaki). IVF is a way of reproduction nonsexually because of the inability to reproduce naturally. Louise Brown, the first baby to be conceived via IVF, or first test tube baby, was born in 1978, in Manchester, England. The group of doctors responsible for Brown’s birth was Patrick Steptoe, surgeon, and Robert Edwards, a reproductive physiologist, Edwards

It brings heart break to them, the people who care about them, and medical professionals. Medical professionals can help them navigate other options but it is ultimately up the patient which route if any they would like to take. IVF has open door to many who could not conceive but it also causes ethical issues and questions concerning IVF also previously mentioned. With the experience firsthand watching the journey of IVF I agree with the choice parents make with the decision to do so. I believe this way because it is still the parents eggs and sperm being used. What the parents needed was extra help fertilizing in some cases the egg in order to implant in the uterus for the patients. It may have not happened from intercourse but it is still the same life that would have been created either way. Through this paper I will discuss both sides in this issue and look deeper into the ethics of

In Vitro fertilization is a method where egg and sperm meet in a science laboratory to conceive a child. In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), mature eggs are collected from the ovaries and fertilized by sperm in a lab. “Then the fertilized egg (embryo) or eggs are implanted in the uterus. One cycle of IVF takes about two weeks”(IVF par. 2). Two of the reasons people choose IVF are gene editing or people simply cannot reproduce (Human Gene Editing par. 3). If the fallopian tubes are damaged or the sperm is poor, it is obviously the only acceptable treatment (The Infertility Center par. 1). If the sperm is poor, it means the sperm count is lower than normal. If the fallopian tubes are damaged, it means diseased. It may be the only option people have if they want a baby that has similar genes as the parents, but people also have a choice to adopt. People can use IVF for gene editing which is exactly how it sounds, they go in and edit their embryos. Scientists have used gene-editing techniques on human embryos to probe how they develop (Vogel par. 1). CRISPR-Cas9 is a new technique that allows scientists to edit the genome, by removing, replacing, or adding to parts of the DNA sequence (What is Genome par. 2). People who have a family history of diseases or cancer runs in their genetics, they choose to use gene editing so they can replace that part of the chromosome with a healthy part. It is becoming more popular because it decreases the chances of illnesses. People also choose gene editing to build their dream child, like they would pick out every feature for their dream house or car. Once the embryos are injected into the uterus, the doctors will know sooner if it has worked or not. The IVF method will be costly by the end of the procedure. Some people have insurance that will cover some of it, but most people do not. Hospitals have alternate routes for people who have a hard time affording the medications. They may choose medications that are cheaper, but

To begin with, I will provide the basic medical facts involving IVF to give a solid understanding of what goes into the whole process and what facts involving this process cause the questioning of the ethical and moral issues. Infertility affects about 4.9 million couples in the United States, or one in every twelve. Approximately one-third of infertility cases can be traced to causes in the female (Encarta). However, a small proportion of infertile

associated with the use of advanced assisted reproductive technology (Teays&Purdy, 2001, Bioethics,Justice,&Health Care,p.648).Currently, the number of in vitro fertilization procedures that can be performed by 100 heath-care workers is about 1,000 per year. Any implication of medical and laboratory procedures that could improve results would decrease the number of healthcare workers needed and ultimately lower the cost per procedure (Teays&Purdy, 2001, Bioethics,Justice,&Health Care,p648).

As the years, have progressed, the sensation for science has increased, as well as the aspiration for technology. Because of this, many new ideas and innovation have been brought to us, such as the development of ART, Assisted Reproductive Technology. The use of Assisted Reproductive Technologies has been brought to allow pregnancies to be effectuated when the natural way is not option.

Jennifer Rosenberg on about.com (n.d.), had stated, “On July 254, 1978, Louise Joy Brown, the world’s first successful ‘test-tube’ baby was born in Great Britain.” This was advancement in the medical history for women everywhere who had difficulty getting pregnant; this medical breakthrough, known as In-vitro fertilization, or IVF, since Louise Joy Brown’s birth had only grown in ease and the amount of people that use this technology is at an all-time high. The CDC (2014) stated on their website that, “Number of women ages 15-44 who have ever used infertility services: 7.4 million.” This is a massive number of people that use this service. In-vitro fertilization’s advancement in medical technology allows people to have children despite

Though the studies were promising, the Medical Research Council did not fund a continuation of the project. However, a private donation allowed the work to continue. By analyzing the patients’ hormone levels, they could determine the best time point for success. In 1977, Lesley and John Brown arrived at the clinic after nine years of trying to have a baby. IVF treatment was carried out and once the fertilized egg had developed into an embryo with eight cells, it was returned to Lesley Brown and on July 25, 1978, a healthy baby girl named Louise was born through C-section after a full-term pregnancy. It was then that IVF moved from a vision to reality and a new era in medicine begun.