Warren Truss Bridge Essay

Calculations were performed to determine the effectiveness of the design of the platform. Allowing for a safety factor of 1.5 times the design weight of 10kg and considering the bridge must not be overdesigned; plans were made for the bridge to fail at 25kg, 2.5 times that of the design weight. According to the calculations, the bridge would hold a load of over 15kg and experience failure at 20kg in the members. These calculations were later disproven in the testing, breaking 8kg earlier than expected, due to unforseen errors. An analysis of the bridge design and calculations has been included at the end of this report.

Initially, suspension bridges before 1940 were made of piers, towers, wires, anchorages, and roadways. Piers were the main foundation for the suspension bridges. There usually were two of them, which were made out of cement and were entrenched in ground underneath the body of water that the bridge was spanned across. Towers were built on top of the piers to provide a means of connection for the roadways and wires. Wires were connected to the towers, roadways, and anchorages to provide tension support for the weight of the bridge. The anchorages were large cement platforms that were planted into the ground on either side of the land so that the wires could be connected to it. Lastly, the roadways were the main point of the suspension bridge. They usually were wide enough to provide four lanes of traffic and stretched from one side of the bridge to the other. This was the basic design of the suspension bridges

Arielle: (show drawing) In the end we had made a beam bridge out of hot glue, cardboard and popsicle sticks. We used the cardboard because it is a flat surface and is very light. However, cardboard is not strong enough on it’s own. We then decided to use hot glue to attach the popsicle sticks to the

During the construction, two half-spans being assembled 50 meters above ground level had a misalignment of 4.5 inches or 114mm in camber. It was suggested by John Holland & Constructions to use a kentledge to weigh down the higher section of bridge. It so happened that they had ten, eight tonne concrete blocks on site. These were placed halfway along the higher span to

The main issue faced while building the Downtown crossing was the reconfiguration of all the roadways and the spaghetti junctions that were connected to the George Rogers memorial bridge. Transforming the George Rogers Bridge into a one way bridge involved redesigning old ramps. Additionally, new ramps were needed for the new bridge. Part of the challenge while redesigning the George Rogers Bridge was to ensure that traffic can still flow throughout the construction process. While constructing this bridge, Walsh was faced with a logistical nightmare of building new ramps and connections for both

In the early 1990s, the aging swing bridge crossing the Trent River in Trenton, Ontario was replaced with a continuous span steel box girder bridge. The unique part of this process was that the new bridge was built adjacent to the existing swing bridge and slid laterally into place; this was the first time in North America that this technique had been done. The process consisted of five mains steps; first, the planning of such an undertaking, second, deciding on how to proceed, third, constructing the new bridge on site, fourth, removing the old swing bridge, and finally, sliding the new bridge into place, all the while ensuring minimal impact to the vehicular traffic through town and

Although the Tacoma Narrows Bridge is oft considered “the most spectacular failure in bridge engineering history”, it was far from being the first unsuccessful suspension bridge. There were ten prior suspension bridges that failed due to unaccounted wind/oscillating forces. However, the Tacoma Narrows Bridge collapsed 50 years after the last bridge, and it was the most expensive and longest- more than double any previous bridge- that is the reason why its failure is so significant. The remains of this bridge now serve as “one of the world’s largest manmade

There are many employees who find themselves working full-time for what the government has so generously termed the “minimum wage”. In Missouri, the minimum wage has been set at a rather appalling $7.65 per hour while in other states there are wages starting as high as $10. Though arguably the economy is not as sluggish and terrible as it once was, $7.65 per hour will not help those who have children, no college degree and debts to pay. It is not only Missouri that has minimum wage laws, but every other state in America has minimum wage laws in place. Both California and Seattle recently established a plan that would see their minimum wages rise to $15 by 2021. The question for all the other forty-eight states remains, should the minimum wage be raised?

When the bridge was tested, at 26 pounds of pressure, it began to buckle. The top support near the middle of the bridge on one side caved in, and as the weight increased, more of the top supports collapsed. At 47.3 pounds of pressure, the bridge snapped in half. By the end of the testing, the bridge had lost all of it’s top supports, two sections of diagonal supports on either side, and a small portion of the roadway.

It is shaped in a way to transfer weight to the towers and anchors with its tension (O'Connor, 1971, p. 372). Cables are made of high strength wires spirally bound to form a rope (O'Connor, 1971, p. 372). Vertical cable suspenders that are fastened to the main cables hang the actual roadway. Stiffening girders and trusses are along the side of the bridge to distribute concentrated loads and help to keep the motion of the bridge at a minimum (Troitsky, 1994, p115).

The bridge has a very well designed ‘sustainability’ concept, relying on upcycled materials to complete the bridge. These upcycled materials consist of the wood, the fishing net, the oil barrels and the plastic shielding for the barrels. These materials can be used for functional roles in the design, such as platforms, floatation, safety lines across hand rails, and so on. The bridge’s sustainability concept can be further supported by the ease of replacing materials, and not throwing them in the bin. The materials such as wood, plastic and pieces of metallic bolts and nuts can be recycled and reused for other purposed such as furniture, storage or completely recycled back into a molten form for the metallic objects.

Hecox (2011) says that the arch structure of the Tillman Bridge makes the canyon walls hold the weight of both vehicles and the bridge itself. In addition, the arch structure allows a better vision of the canyon for the drivers, which was a request of the population to the engineers of the project. In the other hand, according to Jones (2015), the truss structure of the new St. Anthony Bridge also was requested by the population because they wanted to keep a truss bridge in that place. The author also affirms that the St. Anthony Bridge is a truss, but the project team proposed adding a posttensioned concrete bottom chord to the steel truss in order to reinforce it. The project team made this choice because one bridge in Minnesota has collapsed in 2007, and the engineers wanted to lessen the fracture-critical issues to avoid a new catastrophe. In addition, this posttensioning approach wiil make the structure redundant for both resiliency and long-term durability. In conclusion, both bridge's structures were right chosen in order to provide safety and beauty in both

High rate of population grow and improvement in the technology forced individuals to move to rural area. As a result, they use more and more personal vehicles for traveling and commuting to urban areas and big cities each day. On the other side, most bridges in Canada and United States by now are more than 50 years old. Therefore, soon or later, rehabilitation or replacement on bridges are unavoidable (John R. Fowler). However, how to manage the bridge rehabilitation or replacement by having minimum effect on traffic is one of the biggest concern for engineers all around the world.

Because of advancements in today’s technology in construction field, many types of bridges are being constructed depending on the requirement and their suitability for the situations.

In the 19th century, Samuel Hunter Christie invented the diamond method for circuits, the initial idea to the Wheatstone bridge. However, bridge circuits, circuits with parallel resistors, bridged by a branch between them, were used to measure small voltages; but, the Wheatstone bridge is used to measure an unknown resistance using all the others three known resistance in the circuit. During the lab, the Wheatstone Bridge concept for a bridge circuit was used to determine the unknown resistor in the circuit, see in figure 1. The objective was to measure the voltages between points on the branch between the first two resistors in series on top and bottom ones, in which were connected in parallel. Thereafter, test the voltage calculated at different temperatures, those being room temperature, ice water and hot water; by using a thermistor in the circuit, that helps calibrate the Wheatstone bridge as a thermometer.