Was The Second War For Independence?

banned the foreign slave trade January 1, 1808. The first problem in Jeffersons international affairs was the war with the barbary pirates. Recently the UnIted States had paid bribes to the Barbary States to keep them from Harassing with American merchants. Thomas Jefferson stopped paying the Bribes which led to a war. Jefferson tried using the navy to create a complete blockade around Tripoli. Jefferson ended up paying a last time fee of 60,000 dollars and made him build up the navy because of the weakness it showed. When Jefferson learned that Spain had given France the Louisiana territory it made him nervous. He believed that another battle for America was going to arise and he did not want to face the brilliant military mind of Napoleon. Thomas Jefferson sent two diplomats James Monroe and Robert R. Livingston to negotiate a purchase of Louisiana. Napoleon who desperately needed money to fight his european battles agreed to a price of fifteen millions dollars amounted to about four cents per acre for 828,000 square miles.. The United States obtained the land from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains which more than doubled the size of the nation. Napoleon next declared war on Great Britain. Both countries than banned Almost every American commerce with the other country. The British Navy then began impressing AMerican sailors

The popularity that Thomas Jefferson held during his first term as president, quickly changed during his second term in office. Jefferson's second term was less a triumph than an ordeal. His major disappointment had its origins in Europe and because of the Napoleonic Wars, the naval blockades in the Atlantic and Caribbean severely curtailed American trade and pressured the United States government to take sides. Jefferson's response to all this was the passing of the Embargo Act in 1807, which virtually closed American Ports to all foreign imports and exports. The enforcement of the Embargo act required the use of exactly those coercive powers by the federal government that Jefferson has been opposing all along (a strong central government). In the enforcement of this embargo, the government was infringing on the liberties of individuals which was inconsistent with Jefferson's principles (Ellis, 1996).

The War of 1812 was caused by the many conflicts with Great Britain and France. Even though the United States had made many efforts to stay out of the Napoleonic Wars, the conflict was not avoided. The United States had three primary reasons for declaring war: impressments and violations of trading rights, Indian conflicts, and a desire for western territory.

The war in Europe dominated James Madison's Presidency. The previous policy of the Embargo Act had failed, and Madison repealed it with the Non-Intercourse Act, which allowed trade with any country except the belligerents. When this became unenforceable, the Macon Bill, stating that the United could trade with any country agreeing to respect US neutrality, replaced it. Napoleon agreed to this stipulation, the British refused, so the United States began trading with France but not with Great Britain. This led to increased tension with the British, manifested both in the continued impressment of American sailors by the British and an increasingly hostile Indian population in the Northwest supposedly incited by the British.

In fact, during the European embargoes, thousands of American sailors were forcibly impressed by the British because Royal Navy life was so awful and unrewarding it caused British men to desert their own country en masse for the better-paying, better quality life of American maritime. In response to the Chesapeake affair, Jefferson, U.S. president at the time, made the Embargo Act which prevented Americans from trading with any ports outside the United States. The act really hurt American economics and trade and created such uproar in people that it was soon replaced with a more sensible act. The Non-Intercourse act forbade American trade with Britain, France and their colonial allies until their own embargoes were dissolved.

Jefferson, it seems, felt the need to force his economic beliefs upon the people of America, and as president he thought it would work. He imagined an agrarian utopia, where everyone owned land, produced for him or herself, and was completely independent. To enforce this, Jefferson put in place the Embargo Act, prohibiting American ships from docking in foreign ports. This was unsuccessful, as Britain failed to notice, and the

In 1812, James Madison declared war on Britain. Many of the former presidents, including George Washington, John Adams, and Thomas Jefferson had to deal with the issue with Britain. Britain was taking American ships, cargo, and often taking the crew into the British army. This practice was called “impressment”. When James Madison became president, he tried to avoid this issue with Britain with no such luck. James Madison wanted to try and have peace with Britain, however, they continued “impressing” American ships. On June 18, 1812 the war between America and Britain began.

First off, the Embargo Act of 1807 which banned trade between Napoleonic war countries. At this time many American sailors were being captured and forced to serve for the British army. This was only happening because of Napoleon's army which Britain was constantly fighting against. So, Thomas Jefferson created the Embargo act of 1807 which banned trade to European countries. This angered British quite a lot. The Embargo act of 1807 hurt many economies flaring some anger within these nations.

President Jefferson, seeing the problems within a war with Britain, enacted the Embargo Act of 1807 instead. The act stated that no supplies would enter or leave the United States. This act failed miserably in weakening the British economy and actually hurt the United States

The historical period between 1800 and 1812 was quite chaotic as it was a time of tension and war. After Jefferson's reelection in 1804, he was faced with overwhelming difficulties. These hardships were most prominent abroad, as Jefferson sought to maintain U.S. neutrality despite increasing provocations from both France and Britain during the Napoleonic wars. The two main belligerents, France and Britain, would often seize ships of neutral nations and confiscate their cargo. Although other reasons are present, attacks on U.S. neutral rights were indeed the principal cause for the war of 1812.

James Madison is trying to ask congress to declare war on the United Kingdom. Before June 16, 1812 the British ships raised a blockade against the US. The causes of on June 1, 1812 is that Great Britain was locked in a long and bitter conflict with Napoleon Bonaparte’s France. They attempted to cut off all trade from reaching the enemy. Both sides attempted to block all of the United States from trading.

The principle problem of the war of 1812 was over maritime issues between British and Americans. In Europe, because the Napoleon war was a big problem to the British, they create the “Orders in Council”. “Orders in Council” consisted that British instructed the Royal Navy to blockade French ports. This action was supposed to just affect the French; however, United States was injured by this act. American trade with Europe was restricted, and the Royals Navy removed the American merchant vessels. In one hand, some people from Britain thought the Orders in Council could bring calm, and this was cancel in June of 1812. On the other hand, American complaints and economic restrictions helped to persuade the British that American were pro-French and anti-Britain. American declare the war to the British in June 1, 1812, and his reasons was the fight for “Free Trade and Sailors Right” American.

Before getting to that point, we must first discuss the events that led to increasing tensions between the United States and Britain. One of the difficulties that led to the War of 1812 was because of the failure of economic sanctions. In 1810, congress had replaced the Nonintercourse Act with Macon’s Bill No. 2 in hopes of creating easier trading throughout the nations. Through this time, and with the replacement of the Nonintercourse Act with Macon’s Bill No. 2, Napoleon had promised to withdraw decrees against U.S. shipping on the condition that if Britain should not follow suit, Madison would have to force Britain to respect U.S. rights. Unfortunately, French seizures of U.S. ships continued and by the time Napoleon’s requests were clear, he had worsened Anglo-American tensions. In November of 1810, Madison had reimposed Nonintercourse against Britain which only caused the two nations to have more conflicts. Another difficulty leading to the decision of war in 1812 was due to the frontier and Indian resistance. Madison was also pushed toward a war against Britain because of mounting frustrations in the South and West. Farm prices plunged when Jefferson’s embargo shut off exports, but stayed low after the embargo was lifted. Much of the blame for persistent agricultural depression focused on the British and their hold on overseas trade after 1808. As we can see, Britain and the U.S. had not been on good sides of the other. In fact, western

After his first term, Thomas Jefferson ran for a second term and worn the presidency. During his second term he passed a few policy’s the embargo acts being one of them. The embargo act was a result of the feud between France and Great Britain, the United States was an ally to both countries and that became an issue, because France wanted the United States to stop trade with Great Britain, and Great Britain wanted the U.S to stop its trade with France . Due to this Issue the United States with the approval of Thomas Jefferson Passed the embargo acts, which stated that all ports of the United States where closed to other countries, this caused a few issues because farmers and merchants often traded with other countries. Closer to the end of

citizens. Sean Patrick Adams, a historian of the nineteenth-century United States, comments on a piece of artwork showing two Native Americans scalping a U.S. solder and handing a scalp to a British officer: “The widespread rumor that British officers paid bounties on American scalps fueled much of the animosity in the western theatres of the War of 1812.” The U.S. would be in even greater danger with the Natives attempting to align with each other in addition to the British. However, when James Madison addressed Congress on June 1, 1812, he recognized there was no quality evidence to justify any such rumor. But the artwork as mentioned before conveys a message of distrust toward the British, but especially toward the Native Americans. Moreover, the inscription on the artwork calls Americans to take revenge and seek justice for Britain’s and the Native American’s wrongdoings: “Your Country’s wrongs call loudly for [reparation]; … And for those wrongs shall [justice be made].” Therefore, if the Natives appeared to be untrustworthy, then the U.S. could justify making unfair trades and attacking Native settlements in order to obtain great quantities of