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Water Fly Lab Report

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Water Jet Target Characterization and Relation to
Conservation of Linear Momentum
Stephanie Coleman
July 7, 2015
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Abstract
In order to visualize and conceptualize the affect of the contact angle on impact force, testing of four different shapes and comparing the results was done. Conclusions were drawn on the affects of the type of contact surface on the measured impact force. In analyzing these results, it was also be of interest to calculate the theoretical force using a derivation of equations and comparing them to the measured data. Doing so may allow for further understanding concerning the possible errors in calculations or possible mis-assumptions being made.
Because theoretical results and measured results did not agree within reasonable …show more content…

However, because it is impractical to assume precise and accurate measurements, uncertainty analysis is required in order to determine whether results are valid enough to be considered a true comparison.
If the uncertainty is too large, corrections may be necessary in order to achieve accurate results in measurements.
It is important to recognize the types of error that may be present in experiments before attempting to correct data. The types of error present may be either systematic, human, or random errors.
Systematic error can be associated to mis-calibrations or errors in measuring. Human error refers to errors in calculations or mistakes. These types of errors can be controlled and may be eliminated.
Random errors cannot be controlled, so because it is always existent uncertainty analysis is performed to account for these types of errors.
In this procedure, there are four variables present that must be included in the uncertainty analysis.
Each of these four variables are associated with individual uncertainties, which are then combined in an equation to calculate the uncertainty of the entire measurement. uf orce = s uρ
∂F
∂ρ 2
+
 …show more content…

This allows the theoretical data to further validate the measured data. Because the hemispherical shape had error bars which did not overlap, the data corrections were made to that particular set of data. Refer to Figures 5 and 6 to see how these error bars either did not overlap or came close to not overlapping.
Notice in Figures 9 and 10 the comparisons in the before calculated force compared to that of the corrected forces. Specific data on these corrections may be found in Tables 7 and 8 in the Appendix.
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Figure 9: Corrected data with errors for hemispherical shape with the small nozzle
Figure 10: Corrected data with errors for hemispherical shape with the large nozzle
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Table 4: Uncorrected data for inverted cone
Conclusions and Recommendations
This experiment effectively showed that the resultant impact force acting on the different target shapes changed depending on the shape, which is affected by the contact angle. Further analysis of the data also showed that some beginning assumptions were incorrect, allowing insight on the reasoning for incorrect data percentages. These were corrected via further derivations in the

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