Water Scarcity And Water Pollution

According to the Millennium Development Goals Report 2012, “783 million people, or 11 per cent of the global population, remain without access to an improved source of drinking water. Such sources include household connections, public standpipes, boreholes, protected dug wells, protected springs and rainwater collections.” (United Nations, 2012) The United Nations Water Conference in 1977 along with a few other conferences, addressed helping approximately “1.3 billion people in developing countries gain access to safe drinking water.” (United Nations, 2012) While there is progress being made, we see that various regions without clean drinking water. Reports show, “In four of nine developing regions, 90 per cent or more of the population now uses an improved drinking water source. In contrast, coverage remains very low in Oceania and sub-Saharan Africa, neither of which is on track to meet the MDG drinking water target by 2015. Over 40 per cent of all people without improved drinking water live in sub-Saharan Africa.” (United Nations, 2012) It is shown that rural areas still lack drinkable water as opposed to urban areas. Consistent improvement has been made to supply populated areas with a reliable source of drinking water. However, research shows, “Coverage with improved drinking water sources for rural populations is still lagging. In 2010, 96 per cent of the urban population used an

Clean water is essential to our basic needs as human beings and has been acknowledged as a basic human right according to the UN as of July 28, 2010. Still, 1 in 9 (782 million) people don’t have access to clean water, 1 in 3 (2.5 billion) don’t have access to adequate sanitation which results in the spread of often fatal and preventable disease. In a world where 2 in 5 people own a smartphone, it’s easy to forget that for some people even the most basic necessities are hard to come by. Approximately 3.5 million people die every year due to inadequate water supplies. Access to sanitation and safe drinking water could save the lives of 1.5 million children each year.

Two out of every five people living in Sub-Saharan Africa lack safe water. A baby there is 500 times more likely to die from water-related illness than one from the United States. This is a serious ongoing issue that requires the rest of the world to take action. Water spreads diseases easily if the necessary precautions are not taken. Many developing African countries don’t have sewage treatment, or the people don’t have methods to filter and disinfect. Once a person is sick either there is no way to cure them, or medical care is too expensive, so they are left untreated with a high risk of death. Although many believe that the fight for sanitary water in Africa is insurmountable, people in these developing countries can overcome their challenge to access clean water and avoid water-borne diseases through proper sewage treatment facilities, universal water filtration and medical care.

There is a huge amount of people who do not have access to clean drinking water around the world. This highly affects their health and growth. Forty percent of Africa’s population and fifty-three percent of Asia’s population, lack access to clean drinking water. The access to clean water is a complicated issue, often influenced by politics, economics, climate, and social structure.

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In the many death cases that have been researched, most of the accidents that occurred in these rural areas has some type of relations to water. Inadequate water can lead to illnesses, diseases, and sometimes death. Along with the exponential population growth in West Africa, this epidemic is becoming more of a harsh reality every single day. With 94% of the 1.4 million deaths every year due to Diarrhea, a search for a better cost-effective and sanitary water treatment is an emergency that needs to be taken care of

According to Unicef, “Two out of every ten children do not make it to their fifth birthday due to a water related illness.” This crisis is preventable and 39% of Western and Central African people should not be living like this. Life is difficult for the people that do not have clean water. ¨Women and children walk up to three hours a day to get water,¨(Unicef). “Women spend more time collecting water than anything else,” stated by Water Changes Everything. “Women and children also carry up to 40 pounds of water every trip they make to get water,” states Water and Sanitation. The information is important because they do not have a good chance to get a job or education and therefore they live in poverty with no chance of having a productive life outside of their village. There are many global problems about this crisis. “The woman and children collecting the water do not get an education because they spend all day getting the water” (Water Changes Everything). “They still do not have proper sanitation water to drink or clean water,” states the The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “On an average year 1.5 million children die a year due to a water related disease,” states Water and Sanitation. This problem is solvable, and we can not allow 1.5 million children to die a year and not get an education. Research must continue in order to solve this

780 million people worldwide lack access to clean water and annually, 2 to 8 million die from health issues relating to this. (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation, 2013). UNICEF and WHO estimates that the countries shouldering the greatest burden from this are China, India, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Indonesia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Bangladesh, United Republic of Tanzania, Kenya and Pakistan with women and girls disproportionately affected. (UNICEF, 2014)

Providing access to clean water relieves this burden and unleashes the freedom to work, learn, grow, and dream. On average, women and children in the developing world spend four hours each day collecting water. When a child's day is spent fetching clean water or battling a water-related disease, attending school is simply not possible. We built a 10-toilet latrine for a school in Peche Village near Gulu. The burden of fetching water often falls on women, preventing them from working or getting an education. Walking long distances to get water increases the risk of sexual assault, and the lack of proper sanitation facilities is the main reason young girls drop out of school. Access to clean water helps women get the same opportunities as

1 in 9 people do not have access to clean water globally.2 This includes the 1.8 billion who use human or animal waste-contaminated water sources.1 Environmental factors contribute to the availability and accessibility of water such as rainfall patterns, the climate in the location with hot dry places experiencing greater evaporation rates and the terrain of the landscape with regions with mountains and valleys creating opportunities for reservoirs of water to be collected.3,4 Other factors such as the economic factors, urbanisation and pollution from industrial wastes, faecal waste and agricultural practices also play a major role in determining access to clean water.4,5 Currently, rivers and seas are being polluted by human wastewater with over 80% of it being disposed of into these water bodies without any treatment, and more than 1.7 billion people are living in regions where water demand exceeds the capacity of the river basins to replenish.1 In some countries, taps, wells and pipes are not affordable for many or are made to a poor quality and

Where would one try to hide 143 million pounds of excrement? In India 48 percent of the population does not have access to a toilet, which leads to the practice of open defecation for six hundred and twenty million citizens (Poo2Loo). What exactly does this mean for the global sanitation problem in India? With 143 million pounds of excrement being dumped daily, threatening infections and diseases are looming as significant problems. Even those who have and use a toilet are still affected because they share the same water sources as those who practice open defecation. In order to fix the sanitation problems in India, as well as in the world, we must make the idea of the word poop not taboo. The Take the Poo to the Loo campaign, an Indian

Efforts to improve the coverage and access to potable water supply and sanitation services have been greatly intensified in the past few decades. Yet, the situation has not changed substantially in the Sub-Saharan countries Access to water supply in the region increased only from 48% in 1990 to 64% in 2012 (WHO and UNICEF, 2014). The factors that contribute to the still insufficient coverage of Water supply, Sanitation and hygiene (WaSH) are, among others, population growth, climate change (Howard et at., 2010), high rate of non-functional schemes (Harvey, 2008), and the lack of cost recovery systems or its ineffectiveness (Harvey, 2007).

In developing countries, still lacking access to clean water and hygienic sanitation that cause result in the suffering of million people from preventable diseases and die every year. About 58% people living in eastern Asia without access to improve sanitation and 30% don’t have access to clean water that causes result in 10 children (per thousand) have died in each year in this region. In south Asia, more than 60% people living without access to improve sanitation and 40% living without access to clean water and caused of annual death of 15 children per thousand. While South Eastern Asia this rate has been decreased, 45% people don’t have access to improve sanitation and 25% living without access to clean and safe water that causes of annual

PROJECT TITLE: Lusiola (LEW-SHOR-AH) Environmental Group Water and Sanitation Project LOCATION: Kenya, Western Province, Vihiga District, Vihiga Division, Mungoma Location, Lusiola Sub-Location, Vigedze (VEE-GAY-ZA) Village SUMMARY OF PROPOSAL: The Lusiola Environmental Group seeks funding for improvements in water quality in Vigedze Village through the installation of rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems, the protection of 11 community springs, and improvements to latrines. SPECIFIC PROJECT OBJECTIVES: 1) Installation of rainwater harvesting systems (Ksh 200,750; US$2808) 2) Protection of 11 springs (Ksh. 591,200; US$8211) 3) Improvements of latrines (Ksh

Water pollution is a serious global issue that is massively affecting Africa. The lack for proper sanitation due to poverty and the inadequacy of knowledge that the african people uphold sustain an environment full of injurious pollution. As the people continue to bathe and drink in such water, lives are put at risk. As the “Ghana Water Project” we assembled an organization to provide education globally about the effects of water pollution and assist in funding the Safe Water Network