Water Supply In Ethiopia

According to the Millennium Development Goals Report 2012, “783 million people, or 11 per cent of the global population, remain without access to an improved source of drinking water. Such sources include household connections, public standpipes, boreholes, protected dug wells, protected springs and rainwater collections.” (United Nations, 2012) The United Nations Water Conference in 1977 along with a few other conferences, addressed helping approximately “1.3 billion people in developing countries gain access to safe drinking water.” (United Nations, 2012) While there is progress being made, we see that various regions without clean drinking water. Reports show, “In four of nine developing regions, 90 per cent or more of the population now uses an improved drinking water source. In contrast, coverage remains very low in Oceania and sub-Saharan Africa, neither of which is on track to meet the MDG drinking water target by 2015. Over 40 per cent of all people without improved drinking water live in sub-Saharan Africa.” (United Nations, 2012) It is shown that rural areas still lack drinkable water as opposed to urban areas. Consistent improvement has been made to supply populated areas with a reliable source of drinking water. However, research shows, “Coverage with improved drinking water sources for rural populations is still lagging. In 2010, 96 per cent of the urban population used an

The water supply now and in the future affects the population in many ways. According to “Water in 2050”, the water supply is the determining factor of how large the population may grow. In some areas lack of

Ethiopia is a strong, diverse country located in the eastern region of Africa also known as the “Horn of Africa”. The land area is 1,221,900 square kilometers and is relatively close to the Arabian Sea and the Red Sea. It has a population of 90M with 28% below the poverty line and an unemployment rate of 25%. Almost half of the population is under the age of 18. Economy is mostly based on

The physical-environmental geography of Sub-Saharan Africa relates to the distribution of human and economic activities in several ways. First, Sub-Saharan Africa is a peripheral that supplies raw materials, food, and cheap labor to the main industrial countries. The physical geography makes survival had for those not working in agriculture. It is the most productive way for people to make a living and feed their large families. In recent years, there has been major movement from rural-to-urban environments. Migration to major cities has caused extreme overcrowding and poor living conditions.

Two out of every five people living in Sub-Saharan Africa lack safe water. A baby there is 500 times more likely to die from water-related illness than one from the United States. This is a serious ongoing issue that requires the rest of the world to take action. Water spreads diseases easily if the necessary precautions are not taken. Many developing African countries don’t have sewage treatment, or the people don’t have methods to filter and disinfect. Once a person is sick either there is no way to cure them, or medical care is too expensive, so they are left untreated with a high risk of death. Although many believe that the fight for sanitary water in Africa is insurmountable, people in these developing countries can overcome their challenge to access clean water and avoid water-borne diseases through proper sewage treatment facilities, universal water filtration and medical care.

Over the years, conflict has emerged over whether the water that is distributed to the state of California should be equally provided to every part of the state, regardless of where the water has come from. People have argued that California has small water systems that they polluted by industrial uses, which makes them less efficient. People have also claimed that the state’s water systems are located in low income communities which makes it hard to gather funds for improvement. However, the distribution of water to all parts of California has many positive aspects to it. Many regions of the state have water restrictions and limited uses of water, which makes makes it more difficult for these regions. People have argued that the provision

Have you ever thought about how much water you waste each day? If you haven't, than that is pretty normal. People in America have it so good here because they can just walk to a fossate and get clean water. But in other parts of the world it is not that easy. They have to walk long treks just to get water that is not even clean.

To begin with, the Ethiopian economy has different between 2012 and now. When I was in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in 2012, there were a large number of unemployed young men: more than 50% men did not have a job. Also, they used to sit on street rocks and mocked at the people who had a job. Moreover, in the past, Ethiopia had a low literacy rate. If there were 6 people in a family, only two might be students. However,

The city of Sacramento, the state capital of California, is confronted with the need to take action to manage current water consumption trends with respect to climate change, an increase in population, and an increase in business. Residential, commercial, industrial, and agricultural demand for water are rising during the recent period of drought that triggered the notion of conservation efforts statewide and the potential for water supply shortage is extremely high. This is a plan to respond to the crisis by changing the way the city manages its water supply by enacting new structured fees for business and residential water consumption tiers and furnishing an educational program designed to familiarize consumers with the enforcement of a new tiered fee structure. The proposal is written in response the state’s 20x2020 plan that dictates universal water reduction with the intention of reaching a fixed 20% of overall water consumption reduction by the end of the decade, and the CALGreen building code that regulates the implementation of water-saving technology in new and existing construction.

Djibouti, unlike most countries in the African continent, is a predominantly urban state – with over two-thirds of its population living in Djibouti City. The exodus of people leaving rural areas for the capital city has created an even greater demographic divide between urban and rural people – with 85% of the population now living in the capital. The city’s facilities are not capable of processing this number of people, reason why many migrants end up settling on the slums at the outskirts of the city. Although having settled into urban environments, many of these migrants are not adept at living urban lives – which have also been under stress from the drought. The destruction of the already fragile agricultural sector has risen food prices

There has been many significant events of the 20th century that helped shaped what Ethiopia is today. Through imperialism, wars about boarding issues and the death of many great ruler this nation has been standing strong.Today Ethiopia is the second most populated country in Africa, it's the home to over 80 ethnic groups. The largest being the Oromo tribe that makes up over 34% of the population. Not only are they a big ethnic group in Ethiopia but also the neighboring countries such as Kenya and Somalia. Another big ethnic group is Ahmera who are taking up most of the politics and economy in Ethiopia. The rest is the minorities and have a smaller percentage of people or are other people who are are nationally from bordering countries such as Somali and reside in ethiopia. There are around 6.7% of Somalis who live in Ethiopia and adapted to their culture as well.

When looking at Niger’s spatial distribution, many of the causes of the nation's water issues can be examined and made obvious. Niger has a geographical disadvantage, being landlocked by the countries Chad, Berkina Faso, Benin, Mali, Libya and Algeria. Eighty per cent of Niger is occupied by the Sahara desert, the largest hot desert in the world, renowned for its hot climate and lack of precipitation. According to statistics, Niger receives an average of 7 inches (17.78 cm) of rainfall a year, most of which comes in the months of July and August. Niger is in close proximity the equator, which leads to extremely sultry temperatures, averaging 29 degrees during the dry season and 40 degrees during the humid season. Compared to the climate of the neighbouring nations of Morocco and Algeria, the climate of Niger is extreme. However, Niger has a huge supply of water far underground, about three billion cubic metres of drinking. These factors of Niger’s spatial distribution, from terrain to climate, contribute to the water scarcity.

There are a variety of causes held responsible for the water crisis in Africa. These causes have been taken from African’s control and desperately need to be solved. Climate change is one of the countless reasons that there is a high demand for water in Africa. An article entitled “Africa’s Water Crisis Deepens” written for the 2006 News Scientist, states that Drought, famine and spreading deserts have plagued Africa for the past 30 years. With the expansion of desertification, the process in which land becomes increasingly dry with little to no water resources, areas of land have dried out and are useless to humans due to the lack of rainfall on the African continent over the past several years.

During the 90’s, Africa is one of the worst affected from water shortages. The rainfall in Africa comes in bursts; this means the water may not be collected because of how dry the land is. Therefore, Africa has had droughts that have affected the rainfall recently. As an outcome, Africa’s water supply is near scarcity, considering the facts stated.

The purpose of this research paper is to discuss the water crisis in the region of Africa and how water can cause many other problems such as inadequate sanitation, poverty and diseases for the population. People living in third world countries are suffering from the water crisis that has become a major problem for the United Nations, World Health Organization, United Nations Children’s Fund, Millennium Development Goals and many of the other organizations. For some of these organizations have been successful in providing a bit more water through the years it’s still a working process. Water is essential for life, it’s not just for the body’s physical need; yet millions of people do not have access to clean water. The lack of accessible of fresh water contributes too many diseases such as HIV, AIDS, waterborne diseases, causing the death of millions of women and children annually in the region. This is making it harder for the communities to develop a safer home for their families and to improve the conditions of the country. This research paper will examine the problems, solutions and causes. How it all comes together, to contribute to this water crisis and to weather there is a solutions set by the United Nations, studies that have been conducted and other organizations, which can maybe work for the years to come. In addition, the same water problems are going to be discussed with regard to Africa for statics, examples and quotes done by the organizations in the past and