Water Temperature Impacts The Locomotive Activity Of Hemigrapsus Oregonensis

Table 2: Mann-Whitney U statistical testing for the difference in average heart rate of Daphnia before and after the addition of aged water:

direct calorimetry. Furthermore, the amount of oxygen in the chamber reveals the amount of cellular respiration of the organism. While also, test the effects of decreasing oxygen, and later increasing the heat on the metabolic rate of goldfish. I hypothesize that an increase in temperature will increase their metabolic rate

The mammalian diving reflex represents a primary physiological mechanism to maximize underwater excursions in air-breathing animals. Traditionally, the oxygen-conserving reflex consists of three metabolic and cardiovascular adjustments: (1) notable bradycardia; (2) selective peripheral vasoconstriction; and (3) increased blood flow to the viscera (Kawakami et al., 1967). Previous studies have observed such a response in birds and mammals, generalizing the considerable reduction of heart rate, or ‘diving bradycardia,’ as indicative of the response (Butler, 1982). The evolutionary success of these diving animals relies partly on the functional significance of reducing metabolic demands to prologue underwater survival. Although

Therefore this experiment was to determine that lobsters in various salinities will osmoconform to their environment. In order to test that lobster's osmoconform, we had to extract approximately 1.0 ml hemolymph from their hemocyannin on the ventral first section of the pre-branchial region. The hemolymph was spun for three minutes in a microcentrifuge and the serum was then tested on an osmometer, which determined the osmolarity of the hemolymph. The results substantiated the hypothesis, in that, lobsters internal osmoles fluctuate with the salinity of the external environment. The two lobsters in the low salinity tank had the lowest osmolarity 0.746 osmoles; the two lobsters in the normal salinity had 0.873 osmoles. The last tank with the highest salinity had the lobsters with the highest osmolarity at 1.445 osmoles. Therefore our data suggests that lobster's osmoconform, with respect to the salinity of their environment by readjusting their intracellular solute concentration to prevent swelling or dehydration because the osmolarity of their hemolymph dictates that of the environment.

The purpose of this experiment was to test the affect of caffeine on the heart rate of Daphnia by observing their behavior and heart rate under a microscope when exposed to different concentrations of caffeine. Caffeine is a stimulant drug used in many energy drinks and causes large amounts of stimulatory neurotransmitters to be released. Therefore, as caffeine is a stimulant drug it was hypothesized that the Daphnia heart rate would increase immensely. Daphnia is a group of microscopic, planktonic crustaceans that are arthropods that measure 1-5 millimeters in length. Daphnia live in multiple aquatic environments such as freshwater lakes, ponds and rivers. “The development of genomic infrastructure coupled with a wide range of phenotypic diversity make Daphnia a versatile model

Daphnia, Branchiopoda, are categorized under the phylum Arthropoda and subphylum Crustacea. Daphnia are planktonic and are characterized by flattened leaf-like legs used to produce a water current for the filtering apparatus (Ebert et al. 2005). Daphnia are suspension feeders, which is one reason why they are used in this experiment. The purpose of this experiment is to see how Nyquil® and ethanol affect Daphnia heart rate. Nyquil® is a pharmaceutical drug that is used to treat common cold, aches, or pains, and the main ingredient is acetaminophen. Acetaminophen is a pain reliever that, like other antibiotics, inhibits protein synthesis, and has proven to immobilize Daphnia in even low concentrations (Daughton et al. 1999). There are many reasons why we use Daphnia in science; one reason is that the Daphnia hear rate variation test can be used in evaluating the effect of xenobiotics and in selecting agents for the pharmacological correction of this functional parameter (Dolgo-Saburov et al. 2008). We predict that Nyquil® decrease the heart rate while ethanol will increase it.

The purpose of this lab is to analysis goldfish an ectothermic animal affect toward different temperature ranges. The reactions toward the temperatures are taken upon the term of homeostasis, which is regulation for organisms to maintain a steady state while adapting to the conditions that are favorable for survival (Encyclopedia Britannica). In order to achieve a successful homeostasis, many animals use different methods of thermoregulation, which helps maintain the internal temperature of animals. Many methods vary whether the organisms is an endotherm or ectoderm. An endotherm, which includes mammals and birds, is a warm-blooded animal, which maintains a constant body temperature not influenced by the environment (Britannica).

Crayfish can tolerate different conditions related to temperature, salinity and stress. To survive during loss of water, they migrate to another area where water is available, or they burrow. During this process, their heart rate and metabolism is constantly

This experiment investigated the effects of changing temperate and salinity on the heart rate of Daphnia sp.. The hypothesis states that the heart rate of Daphnia sp. will be significantly higher at 20oC compared to 10oC. Results showed that the heart rate of Daphnia sp. at a higher temperature correlates with an increased heart rate.

In this lab, an experiment was done in order to test how the abiotic factor of temperature affects a Tenebrio molitor’s activity level. Both experiments conducted consisted of two separate treatment trials; one in a warm environment (25 degrees Celsius) and one in a relatively cold environment (14 degrees Celsius). Results obtained from these experiments both showed a higher level of T. molitor activity in the warm environment as opposed to the cold environment where less activity occurred. In this case, the activity level of a T. molitor was measured by distance travelled (cm) over one minute. Prior to preforming the experiment, the prediction was made; An increase in environmental temperature will lead to an increased activity level of T. molitor. This prediction was made based on the knowledge of T. molitor being ectotherms. This is because temperature has been shown to have a major effect on an ethotherms growth rate and development rate, with higher temperatures being optimal conditions for both these to occur (Van Der Have et al. 1996).

Somewhat more precise descriptions can be made by using the terms poikilothermic and homoiothermic. The body temperature of poikllotherms is relatively variable, while that of homeotherms is relatively constant.

The example given is the coral trout, a fish that is commercially important. Since the water temperature has risen higher up in the water, these trout tend to be more lethargic now; they stay lower in the water. This is crucial because all of their hunting and mating ground is higher

Dr. Jonathan Stecyk is a comparative physiologist that studies how animals adapt to their environments. He is an associate professor in the Biological Sciences department at the University of Alaska Anchorage as well as an Alaska Institutional Development Award (IDeA) Networks of Biomedical Research Excellence (INBRE) Faculty member. He has attended many prestigious universities in Canada including Augustina University College and Simon Fraser University and he also received his doctorate from the University of British Columbia. His proudest professional academic achievements thus far have been earning the Cameron Award: for having the best Canadian zoology thesis of 2007 and writing a chapter called “Cardiovascular Responses to Limiting

Large endothermic animals use metabolism to produce their own body heat. For these animals, exercise under tropical conditions could potentially be harmful. Heavy endotherms, such as elephants and dinosaurs, have decreased skin surface area to body mass ratios compared with other endotherms. This suggests that they have difficulty getting rid excess heat produced during exercise. However, behavioural choices of nocturnal activity may help reduce heat storage. Large size elephants’ body core and change in tissue insulation results in regional heterothermy, which influences rate of heat storage. Michael Rowe and his colleagues tested how two elephants, similar in size and habitat preferences, cope with exercising in hot conditions.

An investigation into the effects of varying seawater concentrations on two marine invertebrates’ osmoregulatory abilities; Carcinus maenas and Arenicola marina.