Wearable Medical Devices Using Delta Sigma Processing Circuits

The EEG results are used to determine where sensors will be attached, to earlobes, or even hair to transmit thoughts through a transducer. The patient then must complete "tasks" by thought utilizing the appropriate brainwaves depending on the individual goal or disorder of that subject.

Currently the biggest areas being telehealth for the elderly are diabetic control, heart monitoring, and standard daily vitals. The most interesting piece of equipment used to monitor these is the Healthstats watch (Bartz, 2014). The Healthstats watch monitors pulse, heart rate, O2, sleeping statistics, and patient activity. The only issue that most manufacturers have come across is monitoring blood pressure with a watch because of how much power it consumes.

On May 9th, 2014, I had an unexpected seizure in the middle of the night. At the time my parents were asleep, and they were awoken in a state of shock. Seizures are really scary because they are unexpected. As a matter of fact, the people who go through them are totally unaware of their surroundings and are left vulnerable to the dangers around them. Because of this drastic event, I had to go through many time-consuming tests, one of which was the EEG, which took one whole day and night at the hospital. An EEG is a very complex, expensive and time-consuming system, also it is uncomfortable for patients, especially for young children.

There have been solutions that were introduced in the past and that are still used today to determine if a person has epilepsy. One of the solutions is called the electroencephalography (EEG), which was introduced in 1929 by the German psychiatrist Hans Berger (Jefferys, 2010). This was a breakthrough in psychiatric and neurological history. It was a minimally invasive diagnostic test that recorded the electrical patterns in a person’s brain. This allowed doctors to measure the electricity that the brain makes and to determine the brain’s activity. Overtime, it became popularly used during the late 1940s and early 1990s (Jefferys, 2010). This was the time when digital EEG recordings became available. Then, in the late 1990s, the digital recordings became faster, demonstrating the presence of ripples and fast ripples, which marked as epileptogenic zone (Jefferys, 2010). During an EEG, a patient would have tiny electrodes and wires attached to his/her head. The brain waves would be detected through the electrodes, which would then allow for the EEG machine to formulate the brain signals and record them on a paper or on a screen (“EEG,” 2016). An EEG is still used today. Another solution used to determine if a person has epilepsy is the patch-clamp technique. It was developed by Neher and Sakmann between the 1970s and 1980s. This method

Electroencephalogram (EEG) – an EEG records electrical activity OF the brains through electrodes affixed to the scalp. People infected with epilepsy frequently have variation in their brain waves, even when they are not having an attack.

It works by being attached on the outside of a person’s skull and it detects neural and electrical brainwaves (Regalado,). This can be great for paralyzed people because it can actually send out electrical signals to nearby things like a wheelchair, tv, a prosthetic arm/leg, etc., making their lives 10x easier (Regalado,). In theory, this could actually be implanted inside of the skull on the brain, learn the brain’s patterns unique, and send the electrical signals throughout the body and make a paralyzed person walk again (James). Also, if one was born blind it could actually send the electrical signals directly to the eyes and would allow one to actually see for the first time (James,). The applications for this technology is

Technologies have been invented for helping dementia sufferers to lead an easier life. Since 2000, there have been various smart technologies (such as reminder clock, movement sensor, environment sensor, etc.). However, the current technology is not enough and is not affordable. There needs to be alternative solutions to help patients and to cure the disease.

They use their laptops to perform an EKG. I found an article about this type of EKGs and it’s called PC-based ECGs (WelchAllyn, 2015). They hook the patient up with the ten leads and at the opposite end of the leads is a USB port that they plug into the computer. Once they are hooked up they click on the order that is in the patient chart on the EMR and perform the reading. When I saw this I thought it was pretty neat, until the clinic EMR was down for four days. During the computer downtime we couldn’t do any EKGS. If it was an emergency the patient would have had to go to the emergency room. One good thing I can think of by them using this type of system for EKG is the reading is automatically saved in the patient

Epilepsy is a disorder characterized by unpredicted seizures. The seizures can affect any part of the body but usually makes its way back to the brain. Epilepsy is one of the oldest documented disorders. The invention of EEG, electroencephalogram, helped advance research in neurosurgery. The EEG helped to track abnormalities of electric activity in the brain in order to diagnose and track activity for people with epilepsy. The only symptom or characteristic of this disorder is epileptic seizures. The seizures are uncontrolled electric activity that usually occurs in the brain. When the brain is effected, other developmental complications are likely to ensue. Therefore, people with epilepsy commonly experience communication difficulties as well

Whenever a seizure occurs, it forms a rhythmic activity. A typical EEG with seizure is given in Figure 1

Make use of brainwave instruments to record the brain wave graphics that have been amplified from the potential changes generated by brain neurons, which have been used as the diagnosis basis for brain abnormal discharge and other issues by doctors and physicians. The goal is to observe the change of early Alzheimer’s disease by observing the physiological signal of brain waves. Before the test, please clean your hair. Hair oil and hair sprays are prohibited. Please enjoy a sound sleep and do not take sedatives, hypnotics, coffee, or tea to improve the accuracy of the examination. Please empty your bladder and relax pre-examination. Scrub cream will be used to clean the skin of the subjects to reduce the recording electrode resistance, and

In the article,” WIRELESS SENSORS CAN DETECT PEOPLE'S EMOTIONS” by Mary Beth Griggs, discusses how EQ Radio transfers a wireless signal that bounces off your body and back to the device. This measures things like your breathing, heart rate and pulse. As noted in the article, it states,” “Our work shows that wireless signals can capture information about human behavior that is not always visible to the naked eye,” Dina Katabi, the leader of the project said. “We believe that our results could pave the way for future technologies that could help monitor and diagnose conditions like depression and anxiety.” Nevertheless, these wireless signals may potentially help with other conditions in the near future.

research into brain linked devices which work without an implant and rather sit outside on the

Communication system between human brain and computer is called BCI. This enables generation of control signals from brain signals, such as sensory motor rhythms and evoked potentials, therefore persons, because they are not capable of talking or moving. But still they are conscious and capable of performing mental tasks equivalent to healthy individual, using brain signals. The communication system for person with severe disabilities helps him to express thoughts for translating their actions into activity using BCI. The advantage of the proposed work is, there is no need of any caretakers, it constitutes a good communication option for people with severe motor disabilities. The recording of electrical activity of brain is called as Electroencephalogram (EEG). The user thoughts are expressed in form of speech using speech synthesizer. People who are paralyzed or have

At the cutting edge, wearable intelligent devices came into vogue in less than two years. They provide us more options to monitor the status of our bodies without adding much more weight, along with excellent performance and comprehensive views of the biomedical condition. The