What´s Electronic Monitoring?

Another commonly used alternative is house arrest and confinement. This sanction restricts an individual to his or her residence for specific periods of time; in most house arrest programs offenders are allowed to leave their homes only for employment, medical needs, or mandated assignments such as community service or school. The emphasis of this program is on confinement, and the supervising officers' role is to ensure that the offender stays confined at home. There are three different levels of home confinement, each with a different degree of restricted freedom. The first is curfew which requires offenders to be in their residence during limited, specific hours, generally at night. The offender's movements outside of the curfew hours are unregulated. The second is home detention that requires offenders to remain at home at all times except for employment, education, treatment, or other pre-approved activities. This program may be with the assisted with electronic monitoring. The last level is home incarceration. This program requires offenders to remain at home at all times, with very limited exceptions for religious or medical purposes. At a minimum, offenders are subject to random contacts across all hours covered by the condition in order to verify compliance.

It's a great lesson for the criminal because it teaches him to never do the crime ever again and gives him better morals. In a house arrest, a criminal gets a nice electronic monitoring devices to help ensure that he or she stays put and this won't give it better morals because it will just keep him put. It dosen't mean he'll do the crime again.

It removes their freedom to move about in society for some specified period of time. Criminals may realise what they have done wrong and will be deterred from committing further crimes as they fear the consequences of being sent to prison once again. Other potential offenders may get put off from committing crimes as they fear the consequences of being caught and don’t want to spend time in prison. Also businesses will be protected from being victims of property crime as the offender is in prison and with this being publicised other offenders may stop committing crimes. In 201 1,219,000 defendants were found guilty in magistrates' courts and out of that number 119,800 were sentenced to prison from property crime.

Another commonly used alternative is house arrest and confinement. This sanction restricts an individual to his or her residence for specific periods of time; in most house arrest programs offenders are allowed to leave their homes only for employment, medical needs, or mandated assignments such as community service or school. The emphasis of this program is on confinement, and the supervising officers’ role is to ensure that the offender stays confined at home. There are three different levels of home confinement, each with a different degree of restricted freedom. The first is curfew which requires offenders to be in their residence during limited, specific hours, generally at night. The offender’s movements outside of the curfew hours are unregulated. The second is home detention that requires offenders to remain at home at all times except for employment, education, treatment, or other pre-approved activities. This program may be with the assisted with electronic monitoring. The last level is home incarceration. This program requires offenders to remain at home at all times, with very limited exceptions for religious or medical purposes. At a minimum, offenders are subject to random

[http://crime.about.com/od/death/a/mitigating.htm] Another aim of sentencing is a Deterrence. The courts mainly try to deter two types of offences, such are mobile phone theft and drug/alcohol related offences e.g. burglary. The Criminal Justice Act 2003 has introduced minimum sentences to stop people from re-offending. e.g. if offenders commit two offences, they will automatically be sentenced to life imprisonment. The city centres are using a CCTV's to deter people from offending crimes such as violence, criminal damage and shop lifting. The main goal of this aim is to deter an offender from committing a future crime by fear of the punishment. There are two different types of deterrence; individual and general deterrence. The individual deterrence is trying to deter an individual offender, those they have already committed crime from re-offending in the future, by a prison sentence, a suspended sentence or a heavy fine. This is usually a harsh sentence for not serious offenses e.g In the case of R v Whitton (1985), where a football hooligan was sentenced to life imprisonment. This should stop other hooligans from re-offend.or in the case R v Hussain (Mohammed) [2005] CA a deterrent sentence was set up in relation

Punishment has evolved from the days of waiting to be hung to the sophisticated prison systems of today. However prisons in the United States are crowded and costly and they are not always appropriate for all offenders, especially those that have committed minor offenses. In the last couple of decades new methods of punishment has been developed for the minor offender. These fall under the category of intermediate community sanction and consist of electronic monitoring and home confinement. These punishments have proven very useful in dealing with minor offenders, pretrial confinement and others in need of supervision. They seem to be effective and help to transfer some of the cost of prison back to the offender.

Electronic monitoring and intensive supervision are among the most commonly used forms of intermediate sanctions today. Intermediate sanctions are delivered through a variety of programs such as, fines, intensive supervision, restitution, substance abuse treatment, electronic monitoring, boot camps and halfway houses. Different types of sanctions may be coupled, such as restitution with intensive supervision or substance abuse treatment, or use in sequence, such as boot camp followed by intensive supervision. Furthermore, intermediate sanctions are different from traditional forms of sentencing in the fact that they are oriented less toward rehabilitation and more toward retribution, deterrence, and incapacitation. They are more punitive and more restrictive. The recent popularity of intermediate sanctions is attributable largely to the record high levels of prison crowding that plaque many jurisdictions and a corresponding need to devise acceptable alternatives to

Any crime that is committed must have a punishment linked to it to avoid a repeat of the offense. Serious crimes, for example, those that involve a murder obviously need the jail sentence that comes along with them. Nonviolent crimes, such as theft or littering could receive cheap and personal punishments with the implementation of shaming.

Introduction The current trends in the criminal justice system for the past few years demonstrates a significant need for some criminal sanctions between probation and the incarceration. However, there has been an emergence of a new sentencing to fill the gap known as intermediate sanctions. According to Neubauer & Fradella (2015), intermediate sanctions are the alternative punishment used by the criminal justice system to monitor the offenders who are neither incarcerated nor under the usual restrictions of probation. The intermediate sanctions are also a form of punishment; however, the severity and the risk can be questionable depending on the criminal offense the offender has committed.

Over the years, many theorists have been considering alternative type sanctions for offenders, because of the ever growing issue of prison overcrowding of our jails at state, local and federal level. The use of alternative type sanctions seem to be growing, and is getting a second look from many prisons, and jails as an option for some offender. Also, “in addition to relieving jail and prison overcrowding, the level of risk many offenders represent is too much for probation, but

Due to the increase of correctional populations that continue to exceed its’ capacity, correctional alternatives were created. Correctional alternatives were to alleviate both prison crowding and the threat to public safety posed by serious offenders (Flores, Holsinger, Latessa, Lowenkamp, & Makarios, 2010). Rehabilitation in the 1970s was a variable correctional goal however by the 1980s intermediate sanctions developed . Intermediate sanctions consist of house arrest, electronic monitoring, boot camps, day reporting centers, intensive supervision probation or parole, community service, fines, and curfews (Tonry, 1990). These sanctions offer community based punishments that focus on deterrence, incapacitation, and retribution (Tonry, 1990).

In addition it is usually the fear of being caught that is more of a deterrent and that while crime detection rates are low, the threat of an unpleasant penalty, if caught, seems to be remote. The value of general deterrence is even more doubtful as potential offenders are rarely deterred by severe penalties passed on others. The main aim of rehabilitation is to reform the offender and rehabilitate him into society. It is a forward-looking aim, with the hopes that the offender’s behaviour will be altered by the penalty imposed, so that he or she will not re-offend in the future (it aims to reduce crime this way)

Today punishment is the most dominant correctional goal of both the state and federal government in response to criminality. The purpose of punishment is to protect society, rehabilitate criminal offenders, and reduce recidivism. In both the state and federal correctional institutions, their objectives are to use punishment as form deterrence while

This type of punishment has various approaches, but a common one is the medical model (Reichel, 2013). The medical model views inmates as the patient who is then diagnosed with medical problems, if any (Reichel, 2013). The inmate will go on to receive treatment that fits his or her needs in order to rehabilitate the individual as efficiently and effectively as possible (Reichel, 2013). The types of medical professionals that assist in this process include, “psychologists, social workers, clergy, health workers, educators, and the like, discuss that offender’s needs and develop a treatment plan” (Reichel, 2013, p. 231). Lastly, incapacitation is when an offender is no longer free to roam around (Reichel, 2013). This is why there are sanctions to detain criminals and keeping them off the streets in order to keep society out of danger (Reichel, 2013). Jails and prison are the most common sanctions used for incapacitation, and have been for decades (Reichel, 2013). There have been other forms, such as corporal punishment, but there are new forms taking place (Reichel, 2013). Since the use of technology is increasing and always advancing, the use of “electronic monitoring devices” is going to become another way to prevent offenders from moving (Reichel, 2013, p. 231). Such devices will allow law enforcement to track offenders and

Technology has become the bedrock for different parts of the correction system. The main force of expenditures and study in the corrections field is for the use of monitoring offenders. Different technologies that allow for better control pf the offenders can save lives and help prevent new crimes from emerging. The point of these technologies is to reduce the chance of recidivism by deterring criminals from behaviors that they may commit if otherwise left to their own devices. “The role of staff in the correctional institutional environment will never be obsolete but the use of technology can enhance and enable staff to perform their jobs more efficiently and in a safer and more secure way.” (Mannix 2) There is also an increase use of