What An Ideal Posthuman Model Of Moral Enhancement

* 20-21 List 5 parallels between moral and intellectual virtues. ---Cultivating the virtues is a developmental process extending through a lifetime/ Growth in the virtues is not automatic/ We are not alone on our efforts to become morally and intellectually virtuous people/ our careers as a moral and intellectual agents are enveloped in a community context/ We must work to sustain our gains in the moral and intellectual life, since regression is a real possibility/ Growing in intellectual virtue requires that we grow in moral virtues, and vice versa.---

If these compiled virtues are the ultimate freedom, the main goal of a person should be to develop their character. “The good for man is an activity of the soul in accordance with virtue, or if there are more kinds of virtue than one, in accordance with the best and most perfect kind.” (Nicomachean Ethics, 1.7) These virtues are achieved by constant interaction with society and any obstacles that present themselves. This interaction must be an activity of the mind; only through internal activity can one hope to further an internal change. “The expectations of life depend upon diligence the mechanic that would perfect his work

When you hear the word perfection, what is the first image that pops out of your mind? Is it the bright, shiny, twinkling smile of Ian Somerhalder or is it the sexy body of Megan Fox? Or perhaps is it just the cute face of your crush in one of your classes? Or maybe the simple concept of having complete and functional limbs is enough for you to be considered perfect already. For Merriam Webster, perfection is the freedom from fault or defect – or just plain flawlessness. As for most of the people, they view perfection as someone having a face which resembles a Greek god; or somebody who has immaculately fair, white skin similar to an angel that fell from the heavens. They consider someone perfect if he has the ability to make their jaw

Moral status is a bioethical concept that concerns the type of beings that possess rights, like human beings. There are five distinct viewpoints, or theories, that help in determining moral status. These theories include: a theory based on human properties, a theory based on cognitive properties, a theory based on moral agency, a theory based on sentience, and a theory based on relationships (HLT-302 Introduction 2, 2015). In the case study, a situation in which a fetus develops a rare condition where its quality of life would be poor is presented. The physician (Dr. Wilson), aunt (Maria), mother (Jessica), and father (Marco) all share different viewpoints that make the process of determining a final plan of action very difficult.

The development of humans ethical abilities called virtue through training; often exposes the ethical behavior from being around families and communities. We learn how to be generous, courageous, honest, cheerful, and cooperative through virtues. These virtues come from everyday living conditions as well as from different social settings. We also learn from ethics that the learning habits we have embraced can help us excel in everyday life. “However, PharmaCARE’s virtue ethics with the Colberians were wrong because even though the executive managers own the native land, they should have treated the people with some dignity and respect,” (Halbert & Ingulli, 2012).

ABSTRACT: The term "virtue" has traditionally been used to designate morally good character traits such as benevolence, charity, honesty, wisdom, and honor. Although ethicists do not commonly offer a definitive list of virtues, the number of virtues discussed is often short and their moral significance is clear. Hume's analysis of the virtues departs from this tradition both in terms of the quantity of virtues discussed and their obvious moral significance. A conservative estimate of the various virtues Hume refers to in his moral writings would put the number at around seventy, with the more untraditional ones including wit, good manners, and dialog. Unsurprisingly, Hume's critics have attacked

It is simply, I think, attempting to reduce (not eliminate) the harm that certain individuals cause others. We are not trying to say that by undergoing moral bioenhancement you can no longer do what you want to do… unless doing what you want to do involves actions like rape, murder, and genocide (obviously causing harm to others). In that case, okay, you can no longer do what you want to do. Even now that is the case though. If you rape a young child and you are caught you will lose ‘the freedom’ to rape a young child assuming the criminal justice system does its job. In the case of biomedical moral enhancements we are simply attempting to ensure that you never have that freedom in the first place to reduce the fact that you, or others like you, will cause harm to others in

“Born To Be Good” by Dachner Keltner presents an idea known as Jen science, which is described as a “Darwinian lens onto a new science of positive emotion” (Keltner1). At its core Jen is the idea that when people act cooperatively, or give to others reward centers in our brain go off. Keltner suggests that “Jen science” proves that humans are wired to act and to be good. Keltner uses appeals to emotion and logic through audience relatable examples, scientific facts, and valid research to display why humans are inherently good and wired to act as such through “Jen”.

What determines how one behaves? Is it character, situation, both, or neither? In a series of experiments conducted from 1960 to 1963, psychologist Stanley Milgram sought to examine the relationship between obedience and authority, in order to examine justifications offered by Nazis for genocide during WWII. While there are several interpretations of Milgram’s results, philosopher Ruwen Ogien uses the results as grounds for criticizing virtue ethics as a moral theory. In doing so, Ogien suggests that “what determines behavior is not character but other factors tied to situation” (Ogien 120). The purpose of this essay is to articulate why I am not persuaded by Ogien’s use of the Milgram experiments to critique virtue ethics.

As most people would agree, the 20th century contained some of the bloodiest and most gruesome events ever recorded in history. Why do words such as Hiroshima, Rwanda, The Final Solution, A Great Leap Forward, The Great Purge and so many more spark such vivid images of blood, torture and murder in our minds? And despite those horrific images, what is it that causes us humans time and time again to commit such crimes against humanity? Those are the kinds of questions Jonathan Glover, a critically acclaimed ethics philosopher, tries to answer in the book he had spent over ten years writing, Humanity: A Moral History of the 20th Century. Through Humanity Glover tries to answer those questions in a way which will give a solution as how we can

Knowing that a person is not born to be evil, drug-addicted, mentally ill or criminalistic in nature, we as a society owe it to

When you hear the word perfection, what is the first image that pops out of your mind? Is it the bright, shiny, twinkling smile of Ian Somerhalder or is it the sexy body of Megan Fox? Or perhaps is it just the cute face of your crush in one of your classes? Or maybe the simple concept of having complete and functional limbs is enough for you to be considered perfect already. For Merriam Webster, perfection is the freedom from fault or defect – or just plain flawlessness. As for most of the people, they view perfection as someone having a face which resembles a Greek god; or somebody who has immaculately fair, white skin similar to an angel that fell from the heavens. They consider someone perfect if he has the ability to make their jaw

Civilization, although a simple and natural state of mankind, is a triumph of mind over matter, of reason over instinct, and of the distinctly human over mankind’s animal nature. The concept of civilization is widely used to relate to a complex and advanced society, as well as ancient cultures that flourished centuries ago, which left a significant mark on how a society functions in modern times. In the context of early civilizations, the domestication of animal-like figures in the world’s history brought about impurity of thought and deed, while simultaneously paved the way for growth and advancement. In the Epic of Gilgamesh, Enkidu’s transition from pure innocence to civilization after being tamed by Shamhat grants him the gift of growth and progress which enables him to have a refined sense of a full human experience in his short mortal life.

In James Rachels’ book, The Elements of Moral Philosophy, he expresses ideas within the concluding chapter, “What Would a Satisfactory Moral Theory be like?” that lay an silhouette of every moral approach we have discussed so far and compounding it into a final discussion with a couple of final contentions towards a comprehensive understanding of morality and the approaches we can make as moral guides to make decisions that are virtuous for each class without exception. Rachels’ gives thoughtful perspective on all subjects that we have learned about and makes final accumulations for the way we can decide to use these for our own benefit. While then expressing the virtues we must value for ourselves to have a best plan, and the ways our choices can help others in a positive aspect.

Many virtues such as Sincerity and Cleanliness, two moral virtues which I had no trouble accomplishing the previous time, remain applicable today. However, the virtue of Order was a bit troublesome, so I have decided to morph it into the virtue of Planning, for one cannot, however frustratingly, obtain complete control over the will of another. Planning in combination with Resolution seem to account for Order. Temperance and Moderation have been combined into just Moderation for they were awfully similar in my first experiment. I have decided to keep the other virtues, with new meanings which ought to do a better job at describing each one then previously, and a more lengthy explanation as to why the definition has been changed in the way it has.