What Are Archaea And Bacteria Be Classified As Two Different Domains Or As A Single One?

When life arose on Earth about 4 billion years ago, the first types of cells to evolve were prokaryotic cells. For approximately 2 billion years, prokaryotic-type cells were the only form of life on Earth. The oldest known sedimentary rocks found in Greenland are about 3.8 billion years old. The oldest known fossils are prokaryotic cells, 3.5 billion years in age, found in Western Australia and South Africa. The nature of these fossils, and the chemical composition of the rocks in which they are found, indicates that these first cells made use of simple chemical reactions to produce energy for their metabolism and growth. Eukaryotic cells evolved into being between 1.5 and 2 billion years ago. Eukaryotic cells appear to have arisen from prokaryotic cells, specifically out of the archaea. Indeed, there are many similarities in molecular biology of contemporary archaea and eukaryotes. However, the origin of the eukaryotic organelles, specifically chloroplasts and mitochondria, is explained by evolutionary associations between primitive nucleated cells and certain respiratory and photosynthetic bacteria, which led to the development of these organelles and the associated explosion of eukaryotic diversity. Today Prokaryotes

Classification is a matter of categorizing various living-things into different groups and therefore we can distinguish diverse species. It is absolutely crucial and takes a huge role in our lives of human-beings, who are the most developed and intellectual animals on the planet earth. Classification gradually led to a massive development of Science, especially Biology and eventually resulted in the creation of new classification systems which we are pretty much aware of in the 21st century. If there were no classifications towards the uncountable living things, the entire world would be in a definite chaos because of approximately about 8.7 million different species (Richard Black, BBC) getting categorized together as ‘living-things’.

Prior to the development of DNA technology and the sequencing of organismal genomes, Charles Darwin suggested that the “tree” of life can be traced back to a single root (Koonin and Wolf, 2012). While Darwin’s theory was primitive, it laid the groundwork for the phylogenetic trees that are currently studied in science classrooms around the world. The three-domain tree, containing Eukarya, Archea, and Bacteria, soon became too simplistic due to the realization that some bacteria possessed the ability to exchange genetic information by horizontal gene transfer (Koonin and Wolf, 2012).

Microbes are bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes. The earth was formed 4.6 million years ago. And a few million years later, by 3.5 billion years ago, earth was already inhabited by a diversity of organisms. The earliest organism is Prokaryotes and within the next billion years, two distinct groups of prokaryotes called bacteria and archaea diverged. Eukaryotes cell evolved from a prokaryotes community, a host cell containing even smaller prokaryotes .The microbial world accounted for all known life forms for nearly 50 to 90% of Earth's history. We are still researching microbial organisms today in marine environment, extreme environments. A microbial observatory is an NSF-funded project dedicated to the discovery and characterization of novel microorganisms and microbial communities of diverse

One reason why branch of taxonomy is important for future scientific knowledge is because science is able to distinguish the difference between species. Being able to do distinguish the difference between

The purpose of taxonomy is to describe and classify the different types of organisms that roam the continents into groups Genus and species. In biology it’s used to classify organism using latin names and to narrow down 1 organism from Kingdom to species.

First things first, taxonomy is the identification, description and the naming or nomenclature of organisms. The two domains are Bacteria and Archaea. Archaea is most related animals and plants also metabolic pathways. Bacteria most related to human pathogens and soil or dirt. The Domains are put together by genetic characteristics. Where Archaea for the most part are primitive and are adapted for extreme habitats and modes for nutrition we can see some similarities, with bacteria that also can live in extreme environments like thermal vents. The two might be cut from the same cloth and both are needed for life on earth to happen the most looked at for us is bacterial because that is the most harmful to

Ribosomes then started copy themselves into cell-like structure with a thin membrane and cytoplasm. Eventually, cells starting storing DNA. Lateral transfer diversified the cells genetic makeup. From this community of cells came the three domains, known as bacteria, eukaryotes, and archaea. Bacteria and archaea are together called

Bacteria and Archaea are prokaryotic, which are mostly single-celled incomplex microorganisms. Both Bacteria and Archaea have a variety of prokaryotes classified in multiple kingdoms (Reece, et al., Campbell Biology, 2014). There are a number of scientists who believe that Archaea cells may be the precursor to Eukaryotic cells and that they have more in common with Eukaryotes than Prokaryotes (Madigan, Martinko, & Dunlap, 2009).

In the Linnaean classification system, all organisms are placed in a ranked hierarchy.   His system was one of small groups building into larger ones. The current groupings of organisms from largest to smallest are kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species

8. Domain- A classification of life that includes Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. This is above Kingdom.

Linnaeus developed the system of binomial nomenclature. Linnaeus started to work on the classification of plants. At first, he sorted the plants on the basis of their floral parts and later he started to give names. The name of the plant consisted of two parts, the genus name, and the specie name. He gave the genus name so that he could indicate related plants and he gave the specie name so that each plant could have its own identity. To promote this system he named the plants after the people who identified it. Linnaeus suggested five categories that would organize the plant kingdom. These categories were arranged from simple to complex. He named the categories classes, orders, genera, species, and varieties. Linnaeus work proved very beneficial. His method of classification made things easier to organize. His method and the names he gave are still used today. Due to his work, it is much easier to categorize organisms and to relate which organism is more closely related to which. He used this method mainly on plants, but it was so good that they started to organize and classify other kingdoms. The binomial nomenclature gives us a better understanding. If it weren't for these scientific name then there would be a lot of confusion, for example, an onion is known by many different names in the world and can get really confusing, but its scientific name is Allium cepa and is the same all over the world where ever you go it will always be called Allium

Life on our planet, as varied as it is, all share some major similarities; for instance, every living being has some way of replication (UCMP, 2015). Even though there are some glaring similarities life, in its vastness, has a tremendous amount of variation as well. In an earlier paper I have covered Eukaryotes to some degree and now we delve into the Prokaryotic domain. In this paper I will discuss the distinctions between the Archaea and Bacteria domains, give a definition of both DNA and RNA (and the roles they play in determining the previous domains), metabolism’s role in classifying Nitrosococcus oceani and Nitrosopumilus maritimus as Archaea or Bacteria, and each of the organism 's ability to thrive in an environment where crude oil is abundant (including other microbes in the environment).

Archaea are single celled organisms, like prokaryotes, that live in unusual places that not many other species can survive in. They get their energy from chemicals that seek out from the earths crust. Archaea is the second prokaryotic domain and contains all archae bacteria. Archaea are the

Primarily, the Archaea were once believed to be just another rare group of bacteria, because like bacteria, they are single-celled microscopic prokaryotic organisms with no membrane bound nucleus (http://www.fossilmuseum.net/Evolution/archaeaevolution.htm). Despite the similarities in the cell structure of Eubacteria and Achaea, molecular research by Dr Carl Woese and his co-workers indicated that they differ significantly on the molecular level (Bacteria in Biology, Biotechnology and medicine, Paul singleton). In this essay, am going to discuss the differences and similarities in the fundamental cellular feature of both organisms.