Prison Braille Program Essay

The United States has many minority groups that face oppression. In the media today, most of the minority issues that are highlighted involve the LGBTQ community, women, and racial minorities. Differently-abled people are rarely given the space to share with the world how they see it. This literature review will discuss terms related to visual impairment, legislative measures taken in the United States to assist those with severe visual impairments, and the oppression and discrimination those who are visually impaired face.

In today’s society annual African American reading levels continue to be lower than other races. There are connections between literacy levels and prisons. There are beliefs that there’s a correlation between prisons beds built based off African American 3rd grade reading test scores. It’s predicted that based on 3rd grade test scores, students reading below grade level will eventually drop out of school, engage in criminal activity, and ultimately be incarcerated at some time in their lives. The concern is if this matter is not addressed, there will be continuous growth of imprisonment, increasing numbers of single parents households (low income homes), more children not growing up to maximize their full potential, and less leaders to guide

Many people make an assumption they are not blind to life itself whether ignorance plays a part or pride. In Cathedral by Raymond Carver, it describes a few myths that society has portrayed and opinions of the visual impaired. The main focus is getting to know the person before drawing a conclusion. Its not fair to anyone to be neglected whether you are visual impaired or have the functionality of what is considered to be a normal human being.

Braille is also a form of written language for blind people or raised marks helping visually impaired people and those with hearing difficulty communicate by reading or writing. Braille benefit in a nursing home by making communication easy and meeting requirement. For example eye range of signs and direction signs. However there may be Individuals that have communication disabilities this means they are not able to communicate effectively with their health care specialists and this could have an effect on their health. Good communication is the base to effective relationship for instants between a service user and their health carer, both through verbal or non-verbal communication. Non-verbal communication is type of interpersonal interaction

In the United States of America, access to health care is a disadvantage for approximately 48 million Americans of those who do not have health insurance and millions underinsured (Parker & Thorson, 2009). Health disparities continue to deprive the nation of the need for adequate health care services and preventative care leaving a country mentally and physically disabled. There are two million Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHOH) people living in the America, which is the third concentrated population in the United States (U.S.) (Pick, 2013; Barnett & Franks, 2002). As of today, there is no knowledge of health care insurance coverage published to determine the number of DHOH without or underinsured. Unfortunately, lack of data to support the number of DHOH without health insurance or underinsured remains a puzzling mystery

In his memoir, Planet of the Blind, Stephen Kuusisto details his experience of living with a disability of sight, including his initial denial of his legally blind status. His tiring work at passing and his parents’ own denial and support of his refusal to be openly blind both stem from and reflect views of society at large. Members of Kuusisto’s life, just like many people today, ignore blindness and the challenges those with visual impairments have and continue to face. It’s not until he’s struggled for years pretending to see that he fully accepts his legal blindness and begins using a cane and a guide dog.

The individuals that were blind viewed their disability as a liability. In the first video, the girl felt restricted because she didn't know how to operate in the real world. In the second video, the girl felt very overwhelmed when she was in the big store trying to find different things. In the third video, the family felt like they didn't know how the were supposed to live their own lives with their son's disability. However, each situation adapted and learned how to live life in this way.

Employers should hire disabled workers and pay them at least minimum wage. People, that are willing and capable of working should be able to have a job that is enough to keep them off the streets. One of the nation's best-known charities, Goodwill is a multibillion dollar company where the executives make six figure salaries. This is company is just one of many that are allowed to pay their disabled workers far less than minimum wage, with as little as 22 cents an hour. This is aloud in the workforce because of the federal law known as Section 14 (c). “If they really do pay the CEO of Goodwill three-quarters of a million dollars, they certainly can pay me more than they’re paying,” says Harold Leigland. A legally blind citizen who hangs clothes

More than fifty-six million Americans have one or more physical disabilities. Many of these individuals are physically able to partake in everyday activities, yet they are excluded from these opportunities (Crockett). People with disabilities are intentionally isolated by society due to a stereotypical assumption of their lack of abilities to participate and contribute (Harris 368). They are viewed as objects of pity, who are unable to work, go to school, or live on their own”(Crockett). Ed Roberts, an individual with a disability, clearly states, [we] “are considered the weakest, the most helpless people in our society, [but] are the strongest, and will not tolerate segregation, [and] will not tolerate a society which sees us as less than whole people” (Laney 21). He wants to “reshape the image that society” has on them and prove that people with disabilities are just as capable as everyone else. George H.W. Bush signed the American with Disabilities Act into law on July 26, 1990. (The Americans with Disabilities Act: A Brief overview). Bush knew that the act was “powerful in its simplicity” and that it would “ensure that people with disabilities [were] given the basic guarantees for which they have worked so long and hard” (Americans with Disabilities Act, Medicine 3). The goal was to help people with disabilities live the “American Dream” and be identified by their potential and not their inadequacies (Rodgers 2). Since the Americans with Disabilities Act was signed into

Some of them knew I couldn’t see very well, or at least I imagined they knew, for while I paraded around without asking for help, I was halting and clumsy. But is being the late seventies no one had affirming language for disability, and hey, I was an unlikely guy and so were we all. (10) Point 2 Guide dog and Braille are important for the blindness. That will make their life convenience. And they can go everywhere if they want.

Fetter, James. “A False Image of Blindness” New York Harcourt Brace and, Company. 12 December 2008

Creating a literacy-rich environment is one of the key elements of supporting children’s literacy development. Literacy-rich classrooms tend to look quite different than the traditional classroom, covered in pre-made posters and arranged with individual desks in rows, and instead, allow for teachers to design their classrooms with their students’ needs in mind. According to an article on the Sadlier School’s blog, all elements in a classroom must be meaningful, intentional, purposeful, and engaging when creating a literacy-rich classroom. This means that classroom design is created in a way that it provides frequent opportunities to be exposed to text via environmental print, instruction, and hands-on learning as well as encouraging communication and collaboration (Sadlier School, 2017).

The first article helps in addressing the how to develop literacy through images. In other words, what elements can one look to in order to assist in encompassing a greater understanding of a piece of art, literature or picture book. Specifically, though the first article discusses specifically the connection between visual literacy and textual literacy in picture books. Visual literacy is a great comprehension strategy for picture books. Picture books offer opportunities for novice readers to develop literacy. I believe that visual literacy is a stepping stone into what is considered the mainstream definition of literacy.

As the world is advancing not only with knowledge, but technology as well it is more applicable for individuals with a seeing disability to be included in a general

Criminals with serious deficiencies in social and / or educational, disability or language barriers to learning; or