What Are The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Liposomes?

When formulated as modified release dosage forms, pellets are less susceptible to dose dumping than the reservoir-type single unit formulations.4 Micropellets technology delivers almost perfectly spherical particles exhibiting a very narrow particle size distribution and excellent flow properties and these are characterized by a smooth surface free of dust and thus provide optimal conditions for subsequent film coating. Controlled release pellets are manufactured either to deliver the bioactive agent at a specific site within the GIT or to sustain the action of drugs over an extended period of time. While these results have been traditionally achieved through the application of a functional coating material, at times the core pellets themselves have been modified to provide the desired effect. This further enhances the role of pellets in oral dosage form

Research indicates that small molecules are the most common and more easier form of drug therapeutics. Small molecules are easier and more cost effective to produce. However because they are chemically produced and are ingested through tablets, it makes it difficult for them to have a lasting affect within the body. Researchers are looking into using biologics as an alternative form of therapeutic for certain diseases. Biologics are naturally synthesised from various sources. It has been known that biologics would have a longer “life expectancy” within the body because it would be given intravenously, directly into the blood stream avoiding it from being broken down by the G1 tract which would occur with a small molecule (Bayer HealthCare,

Niosomes can alter the metabolism; prolong circulation and half life of the drug, thus decrease the side effects of antineoplastic drugs. Niosomally entrapped methotrexate and doxorubicin showed beneficial effects over the free drug, such as decreased rate of proliferation of the tumor and higher plasma levels accompanied by slower elimination (9).

Among other approaches tried by scientists, colloidal systems like liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles etc., have shown promise but not many products have made it to the market (7). Nanoparticulate drug delivery systems are gaining much popularity in recent years. Among these, nanoparticulate drug delivery systems from biodegradable and biocompatible polymer are an interesting option for controlled drug delivery and drug targeting (8). Amongst the various drug-delivery systems, solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carrier (NLCs) are potentially attractive choices due to their natural components and easily scaled-up formulation processes. In addition, their hydrophobic core provides a suitable environment for entrapment of hydrophobic drugs (9). Among the important technological advantages of nanoparticles as drug carriers are: high stability (i.e. long shelf life), high carrier capacity (i.e. many drug molecules can be incorporated into the particle matrix), feasibility of incorporation of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances, and feasibility of variable routes of administration (10). NLCs are kind of lipid-based nanoparticles, which has the advantages of biodegradable, brain targeting, well-recognized safety profile by drastically reducing drug-related toxicities through reduction of nonspecific biodistribution (11). NLCs consist of an unstructured solid lipid

A series of studies was conducted by Kharitonov V ed al to evaluate the compatibility of liposome bupivacaine with diluents, implanted materials, and other drugs likely to be encountered in the surgical settings in which it is used. Liposome bupivacaine demonstrated compatibility with diluents as normal saline, lactated Ringer's solution and with implanted

In America today finding a cure for cancer is a huge priority with clinical trails being a big part in these goal there are some newly developed drugs and technology that are making a huge impact in the cancer world.

Many molecules, particularly peptides and polypeptides are physically embedded in polymers to create a complex network of interconnecting pores through which the drug could subsequently diffuse. The pore structure and polymer composition is controlled in order to design systems that release the drug at nearly any rate and for nearly

Thus, I wish to focus my research in this. Besides, I am also highly interested in Localized Drug Delivery Systems. This is because, although drug administration has been a long-standing solution to alleviate illnesses, it also poses potential risks to health. Thus, if more researches are conducted to apply drugs locally instead of systemically, it can appreciably minimize their adverse effects and significantly enhance their delivery, both spatially and temporally, to combat some of the most fatal diseases of recent

Vesicles are spherical aggregates composed by amphiphilic compounds where the lipid bilayer surrounds an aqueous void volume, which can be “loaded” with almost any variety of water soluble marker molecules. Therefore, the vesicles may contain both lipophilic and water-soluble substances. Phospholipids form vesicles being also the fundamental matrix of natural membranes and represent the environment in which many proteins and enzymes display their activity [1, 2]. Moreover, phospholipids present advantages over synthetic materials including lack of toxicity, biodegradability and biocompatibility. Consequently, vesicles are utilized as versatile carriers in the fields of medical, therapeutic and analytical applications [1-4]. Several strategies

When a prohormone or steroid is absorbed into the epithelial cell it is then partitioned (or directed) into either the portal vein or the lymphatic system. The process that determines this partitioning (choosing of one or the other disposition) is called “superlipophilicity”. Creating a system of delivery that will cause partitioning in the right direction is part of the equation, but not the whole picture.

The Pico-aqua scintillating mixture is composed of substances able to transform the fluorescent β radiation emitted by 14C, which is then detected by the photomultipliers of the scintillator and expressed as the "counts per minute" (cpm). The radioactivity produced by the substrate transport within the liposomes (cpm active) is determined by subtracting the cpm value of the control to that of the corresponding test; the cmp correct values performed in duplicate are averaged.

In this study, published in the scientific journal Advanced Materials, Quanyin Hu has created a better way to administer doxorubicin and TRAIL, two anticancer drugs. By using platelets, part of the blood that aids in clotting, to mask the foreign drugs from the body's defense system, these bioengineers caused the drugs to stay in the body for a longer amount of time when compared to the amount of time non-platelet covered anticancer drugs stayed in the body. The results of this experiment showed that platelet covered anticancer drugs stayed in the body longer than the same anticancer drugs surrounded by a nano-gel system. In this experiment, the dependent variable was the amount of time the anticancer drugs stayed in the body of a mouse.

Otherwise, the lipid vesicles may adsorb to the SC surface and subsequent drug partition inside the cell could happen. This has been reviewed the conclusion was indicating that lipid vesicles could be taken into SC as they dissolve and form a unit membrane structure [47].

Oral delivery of anti-cancer drugs is a greater advancement in chemotherapy, which offers “Treatment at Home” a dream of cancer patients that improves patient compliance with reduced adverse effects. Cancer chemotherapy, mostly involves parenteral administration of anti-cancer drugs either by intravenous infusion or bolus injection, which is associated with serious side effects due to high plasma drug levels above maximum tolerable concentration (MTC) and is also less effective route due to the short exposure time of anti-cancer drugs to cancerous tissue by rapid excretion of the drug from systemic circulation [1]. In contrast, oral chemotherapy improves therapeutic efficiency by maintaining reasonable plasma drug levels, prolonged exposure time of anti-cancer drugs and avoids side effects by maintaining the drug concentration below MTC by moderate prolonged absorption from the gastrointestinal tract into systemic circulation [2]. Docetaxel is a highly effective second-generation taxane anticancer drug used in the treatment of breast cancer, ovarian cancer, non-small cell lung cancer and other tumors [3-6]. However, oral delivery of docetaxel has negligible oral bioavailability ( 99.9%). Accurately weighed sample (4 mg) was placed in a flat bottomed standard aluminium pan and scanned at a scanning speed of 10°C/min from 30○C to 300○C under a nitrogen gas flow of 80 mL/min.

theranostic approaches combining molecular imaging and in situ drug delivery. Targeting the cellular and molecular components that