What Are The Causes Of The Irish Republican Army

Religion differences between the inhabitants, most of the original population were Catholics, lead over the centuries to the division of two ethnic/nations on the Ulster territory – protestant and catholic. After the partition of the island in 1921 the southern part declared independence, however the Northern Ireland territory remained a part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The conflict between ethnic/nations sharpened itself, because most of the Catholics wanted to united the island under Irish rule (the republicans), while protestants wanted to remained unified the Great Britain (the unionists and the loyalists). At the end of the 1960’s the conflict turned itself into a violent one and the attacks and killing continued for the next thirty years during the period called „the Troubles.” The conflict was settled by the end of the 1990’s with a contribution of the governments of the Republic of Ireland, the Great Britain and the US.

After the first world war the leaders of europe came together to discuss the boundaries of europe. British rule decided to separate ireland into two sides. North Ireland was created when the british government of Ireland Act in 1920 divided Ireland into two areas; the Irish Free State and the Northern Ireland Roman Catholics, who made up around one-third of the population of Northern Ireland, were largely opposed to the separation. The British took over , but only after many revolts and riots against them from the people of ireland. In 1969 the IRA (Irish Republican Army) was formed. They were a Catholic Irish nationalist group that used guerrilla tactics like bombings and assassinations to oppose British rule and oppression in Ireland. Their main goal was to fight the british that took over their home. The IRA would Fight using guerilla and terrorist tactics including bombings, assassinations, kidnappings, punishment beatings, extortion, smuggling, and robberies. But over time the IRA became more of a dangerous militia then patriots defending their home.

The Easter Uprising of 1916 was an event that happened at the tail end of a long list of events that would forever change Ireland. The Uprising or Rising, as some call it, took place mostly in Dublin but was felt throughout Ireland. The point was to gain independence from Great Britain who had ruled Ireland for the past couple hundred years. At the turn of the 19th century England believed that Ireland had too much independence and made the Act of Union. “The result was the Act of Union of 1801: the Irish parliament voted itself out of existence and England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales were formally politically unified for the first time” (Hegarty 2). Around the time of the First World War, Ireland began

Catholic Ireland tried to break away from England after the Reformation, but Elizabeth’s troops crushed the Irish uprising in the 1570’s and 1580’s.

Ireland has always had religious problems between, Pagans, Catholic, Protestant and Jewish people. Ireland has always been a place of interest in English eyes so Ireland was continually concord over and over by the English and the currency, traditions and religions changed with every English King, Queen or Irish Rebel. Between 1641 and 1691 Oliver Cromwell changed everything, Irish Catholics, Pagans and Jews were killed or shipped off to be slaves. The influence to immigrate was very strong, their options were to go to a new world of which they knew no one and had nothing, be killed for your religion, or be gathered up and shipped away as a slave. It was a hard decision they all were forced to

The war between the republicans and the unionists in Dublin, Ireland gets pretty serious when you read the story (based on an autobiography), "The Sniper" written by Liam O'Flaherty. The republicans want Ireland to stay as a part of the United Kingdom while the unionists want Ireland to be its own country. Because of this war, many people die because of snipers in the army. In my opinion, the sniper can be considered and is a hero. It is because of the reasons he is fighting for, he kills an old lady and his brother,

In brief, the Irish Volunteers exist to help keep the liberties and rights common to all people of Ireland by enforcing the Home Rule Devolution. Act that the Ulster Volunteers were fighting to abolish. However, during the events of the Easter Rising, the Irish Volunteers were forced to disband. After their end, Michael Collins and a few other remnants took up the mantle and rebranded themselves the IRA. At first glance, it would seem as though the IRA only exists because of the disbanding of the Irish Volunteers. What is more is that they were members of the Volunteers continuing on their goals.

IRA and Just War theory From 1969 until 1997, the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) was engaged in warfare against both British forces in Northern Ireland and the Irish who remained loyal to them. Known for their extremist tactics and labeled as terrorists, the IRA used shootouts, bombings and assassinations in Northern Ireland and in Britain as a means to resist the British occupation of Ireland. While inflicting violence, the IRA killed both soldiers actively in battle, but they also killed many civilians. Although the IRA took great strides to decrease civilian casualties, the extent to which it actually cared was questionable. This paper will focus on specific IRA attacks and whether they uphold the Just War principles.

The Act of Union in 1800 was a significant factor to the nature of Irish nationalism in 1800. Prior to the Act, the society of the united Irishmen, a republican society who wanted parliamentary reform and Catholic Emancipation, fought, under the leadership of Robert Emmet, with physical force for their complete independence. Because of their military strand they differed from their predecessors the ‘Protestant Patriots’, this is because the society was heavily influenced by revolutionary events in France and New America in the late 18th century. The rebellion, although unsuccessful, with its leader imprisoned, had major consequential effects; which was the passing of the Act of Union in 1800. The Act set the tone for the rest of Irish

Irish independence has been fought for a long time ever since the British occupied Ireland in 1172. The King of England invaded and controlled Ireland. The invasion led to religious and territorial conflicts. There was an effort to create a church comparable to the Church of England in the 1500s. Catholics who live in Ireland were against the idea and a conflict for independence has emerged (Arena & Arrigo, 2004). The suppression of Irish nationalism by the British in the 20th century led to the creation of martyrs for the cause led by the Irish Republican Army (Combs, 2011).

In the early1600s with the support from the British Government, English Protestants settled in Ireland that enticed a conflict between the Catholics and Protestants. With the on-flow of Protestants

Irish could not manage to drive England away from Ireland. Each time England tried to conquer Ireland the Irish would just hate them more. Bitterness between Ireland and Britain depend with religious differences surfaced. Henry VIII thought in order to keep control of Ireland he would suppress Catholicism in Ireland. The new conflict became English Protestant versus Irish Catholic (Bartoletti, 13). By the fifth century Argyll and Western Scotland were settled by Northern Ireland Scots. They settled in South Welsch, Lleyn Peninsula, and Pembroke. “The Caledonians who had fought Agricola had joined with other groups from the Picts. The name is Roman and means ‘painted men.” “The land of the Picts bordered the territory colonized by the scots from Ireland (Lloyd, 109).” By the third century the Irish became a threat to the Wales and a menace by the fourth. Roman-Britain built new forts to deal with the problem(Lloyd,109). This war was unlike any other war Ireland had fought. The rebels did not want to repeat what happened in 1916 because they did not want to repeal the rising. In 1923 British government had finally given Ireland a limited amount of independence. Irelands new issue was to form a new type of

Since the 17th century, Ireland was the scene of a complex and bloody struggle, which has created martyrs, heroes, and a long legacy of bitterness. Irish nationalists fought the British for independence, before battling their comrades for its future. The war for Ireland encompassed iconic revolts, guerrilla struggles and hard urban warfare.

Coming to the next fightings which all were before or during the war against Spain. The first one were the Desmond Rebellions led by James Fitzmaurice Fitzgerald, Earl of Desmond in the 1870’s, 1880’s and 1890’s. The rebellion was started to free the southern province Munster of Ireland from the reign of the heretic England.

Out of the 200,000 Irish Volunteers that joined the British army, 60,000 died. Not all of the Irish Volunteers joined the British army. The 11,000 that refused became known as the Sinn Fèin volunteers. The 1916 rebellion came from this group. Eoin Mc Neill was the leader but he didn’t want to start a rebellion.