Compare The Challenges Of Developing Countries

This paper will step out of the comfort of the first world American lifestyle and look beyond to the health and social issues around the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) is the leading stakeholder in advancing the awareness and support on global health issues along with the United Nations (UN) and other governmental and nongovernmental agencies. Only once the issues of these vulnerable people are identified can these organizations move forward in addressing and prioritizing the rapidly evolving global health agenda. The Millennium Development Goals will be defined briefly, however, since their goal completion date has ended, a future look at follow on program, Sustainable Development Goals seems the best place

Health has been influenced by many factors such as poor health status, disease risk factors, and limited access to healthcare. All these factors are due to social, economic and environmental disadvantages. According to the World Organization (WHO) (2015), “the social determinants of health are mostly responsible for health inequities, which is the unfair and avoidable differences in health status seen within and between countries”

Economic development can be defined generally as involving an improvement in economic welfare, measured using a variety of indices, such as the Human Development Index (HDI). A developing country is described as a nation with a lower standard of living, underdeveloped industrial base, and a low HDI relative to other countries. There are several factors which may have the effect of limiting economic development in such countries. Factors such as these include: primary product dependency, the savings gap and political instability.

Health and social justice have continued to be a major problem that affects the way people live and chance of illness, and consequent risk of premature death. The recent report from the World Health Organization shows that health disparities have continued to persist within and among countries and different regions of the world. For example, infectious diseases and undernutrition are common in poor and developing countries (WHO, 2018). The gap is even much worse between the rural and urban dwellers because of the economic differences and availability of healthcare services. Although some of the developed nations have attempted

•Examine the role that the International Monetary Fund and World Bank play in transfers and the conditions they set to effect this funding.

Indeed, “Social determinants are relevant to communicable and non-communicable disease alike”¹. The healthcare system work and is different among the countries and some parameters that help to maintain these inequalities are the poor control of major diseases which influenced directly on the life of expectancy. Second poverty which is linked to infectious diseases and third the poor conditions where people live and work which contribute to the mental, physical and violent deaths¹.

This is because developed and developing countries have different needs which results in the relationship between the health of a country and the development level the country is at. Using Modernization theory, it can be safely said that each country passes through different stages of development. For example in a “developing country the main focus for health is on combating infectious diseases, … [such as] malaria and bilharzia, and issues associated with birth and maternity” (Baker 142), thus concentrating on the young. While in a developed country there is an emphasis on lifestyles factors associated with smoking and diets that have high levels of fatty foods, which is as a result of a longer life span, then thus concentrating on the elderly. This being said an inequality of healthcare is created further emphasizing the need for more

Article 15, “Health and Wealth,” states that some of the factors which led to poor health are inequality, poverty, and the way we organize out health care system. Even though all these factors are involved but the main reason leads to poverty. Poverty seems to be the key reason because everything costs so much. Most of the Americans are not paid enough to meet their personal need and barely have enough money to make their ends meet. The struggle of trying to be on the economic level hurts their health because people tend to take a lot of stress. Poverty has a lot of dangers like consumption of too much alcohol, tobacco, illegal drugs and fast foods. This sort of lifestyle can have a great impact on health causing some dangerous diseases. Some of the other leading diseases that can be found in the poor are cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and untreated medical conditions, because they cannot afford the health care systems. Even the middle class society worries about medical emergencies or trips to the doctor’s office because they are not sure, what might be covered in their insurance.

Around the world, many wealthy nations provide universal health care to their citizens (excluding the USA). Countries like Canada, the UK and France are prime examples. They provide well thought out services to their citizens and ensure them to obtain the health care they require for any medical reason need be. While some countries are grateful, or maybe even take for granted of the health care they receive, undeveloped nations struggle to find the care they need. Health provision is challenging in these countries due to political, economic and environmental conditions. In order for a nation to live within environmental limits, they should ensure they have a strong and healthy society, but in order to obtain such success a sustainable economy plays a key role. Africa is a prime example to use when discussing the environmental causes that affect one 's health. Africa has a widespread list of environmental impacts that considered it unsafe to numerous living standards. Not only unsafe, but the citizens are prone to an abundance of diseases such as Ebola. With a low economy, such as Africa, the finance to provide health care and increase life expectancy does not exist. Hospitals also have trouble finding properly trained and educated staff to be able to take care of all the people requiring medical attention. Geographic 's majorly affects people 's health, but economics is a priority when it comes to health care services. People who do not receive the health care they required

Economic development can be defined generally as involving an improvement in economic welfare, measured using a variety of indices, such as the Human Development Index (HDI). A developing country is described as a nation with a lower standard of living, underdeveloped industrial base, and a low HDI relative to other countries. There are several factors which may have the effect of limiting economic development in such countries. Factors such as these include: primary product dependency, the savings gap and political instability.

1. a. Social determinants of health may influence the burden of disease on global health in many ways. There are major differences in the leading causes of death between low-income, middle income, and high income countries (Moss, 2015). These differences are the result of the varied level of wealth, access to healthcare and clean water, knowledge of health care needs, and the countries’ ability to provide adequate health care to their citizens. Therefore, certain diseases are more prevalent in poor countries versus wealthy countries (Moss, 2015). For example, HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and tuberculosis are major killers in low-income countries. Moreover, some preventable diseases are also prevalent in the low-income countries, such as lower respiratory infections, diarrheal disease, premature and low weight births, and neonatal infections (Moss, 2015). Infectious diseases remain the leading causes of death among the middle income countries. At older age, the leading causes of death changes to non-communicable chronic diseases, such as heart disease, stroke, and cancer. This corresponds to the leading causes of death among high income countries (Moss, 2015). Therefore, high income countries spend a significant amount of their GDP on chronic non-communicable diseases while low income countries spend a significant amount of their GDP on communicable diseases, such as HIV, Malaria, and Tuberculosis (Moss, 2015).

Thus, finding methods of educating people, and providing medical aid for these preventable diseases can avoid many deaths. Second reason for attending global health issue is for balancing resources. According to The Lancet Journal, ninety percent of the world’s health care resources are spent on diseases that affect only ten percent of the world’s population. (Norris, 2009) Therefore, ensuring that resources are evenly distributed throughout the world would assist to limit the diseases from spreading from country to country. Third, global health can influence Canadians indirectly such as, the increase of diseases. Some of these diseases becoming more prevalent is HIV/AIDS, malaria, and TB and are increasing poverty and political instability within countries. (Worldwide HIV & AIDS Statistics, 2009) Thus, global health should be a concern because it can help prevent civil conflict in other countries. (Worldwide HIV & AIDS Statistics, 2009) Fourth, global health should be a concern across all nations as there is more contact amongst people because of globalization diseases occurs at a faster rate. Globalization is defined as a modern phenomenon process by which countries and peoples are increasingly interconnected, integrated, and interdependent that occurred over centuries. (Andrews, 2010) Since the world is increasingly becoming interconnected, diseases can travel from nation to nation and it can cause

Developing nations are filled with hope and aspirations of one day becoming a wealthy, dominating, and influential country. These nations can sometimes be unsafe, difficult to live in, and hard for workers to earn good compensation for their labor. On the other hand, living in a developed nation has many upsides. Developed nations are wealthy, which in turn have good infrastructure, labor and worker laws, and have less crime.

The questions are raised as what and how the wealth is distributed or allocated among societies. Countries with similar average incomes can differ substantially when it comes to people’s quality of life such as social justice, access to education and health care, job opportunities, availability of clean air and safe drinking water, the threat of crime, freedom of speech, life expectancy, birth-death control, identity, culture, conservation, equal opportunities, environmental change. Development is important as it covers a wide range process involving cultural, economic, environmental, political, social and technological change of a country. Regarding goals and means of development, recent United Nations documents emphasize on human development measured by life expectancy, adult literacy, access to all three levels of education as well as people‘s average income which is a necessary condition of their freedom of choice. In other words, human development incorporates all aspects of individuals’ well -being from their health status to their economic and political freedom. The Human Development Report 1996 of UNDP focuses on development as the end and economic growth a

Lack of development in countries in the so-called `Third World' has many political and economical reasons. Historians explain the inadequacy of developing countries with the early imperialism and the resulting colonization of the South. Exploitation of mineral resources, deforestation, slavery, and the adaptation of foreign policies shaped the picture of today's suffering and struggling civilizations and natural rich continents. The omission of concessions and equal negotiations between dependency and supremacy give rise to the contrast of enormous resources and immense poverty in developing countries is. In the last years the outcry of justice and the emancipation of the Third World became louder throughout developing and industrialized