What Changes in the Organisation of Time, Space and Discipline Are Associated with the Emergence of Modern Industrial Work?

Personally, when thinking of the middle Ages, I tend to have the misconception that it is a period of darkness with no progress. However, R.W. Southern’s book, ‘The Making of the Middle Ages’, offers an in depth study of the development of history in the world today. Observing that this book was published during the 1950s, Mr. Southern’s interpretation of the ‘Middle Ages’ was very distinctive in comparison to other historians of his time. He explores the significance of the Middle Ages as a separate sector in the study of history by which the audience will notice that previous categories of studied history is set aside, as we are no longer focusing on the usual ‘Classical Greece’ and ‘Rome’

In Jeremy Rifkin’s book Time Wars includes the reading selection “The Efficient Society” he is analytical in his explanation of what is being considered to be an efficient society. In the critical analysis he details the time management scenarios that are addressed to make more efficient workers. Corporations need to produce more work from each of its workers and the way that the companies take the time to measure

industrialization was a big step for the world. “The first had come on a wave of new inventions in iron making, in textiles, in the centrally powered factory, and in new ways of organizing business and work. In the latter 19th century, a second wave of technical and organizational advances carried industrial society to new levels” (Document 3). As industrialization grows, people are inventing more and more items, which changed civilization. Examples are the telephone and the railroad, which have been recreated

In E.P. Thompson’s essay “Time, Work-Discipline, and Industrial Capitalism”, he argues how the rise of standardized time, which coincided with employed labor and capitalism, changed how people view time from how “time passes” to “time spent”. Time became a commodity in which it could be bought and sold. Time that was not spent “properly” was considered wasted, which Thompson calls time-thrift, which preindustrial societies were not very preoccupied with in comparison. Thompson explores this transition of the sense of time in relationship to the Industrial Revolution, benefits and disadvantages to the new time-discipline, and a possible mixture of the old and new time-disciplines in the future.

Even though the working world gradually changed and standards and regulations for labor law and protection were introduced at least in the developed world, close connection between man and machine remains to this day. But how strongly have the machines influenced the working world, and what mechanisms are used to control, monitor and optimize

Europeans’ changing world-view had enormous impact following the Middle Ages. Evaluate cultural and intellectual changes and continuities in Europe during this period.

During this time the work environment of many businesses changed drastically. Businesses began using assembly lines to speed up production and gave employees repetitive tasks to do all day long. However, workers were getting treated a lot better. In addition to cafeterias and other employee associations, workers were getting paid more which allowed them to have extra money to put back into leisure time activates. Many used the time they weren?t at work to seek fulfillment in what they lack in the workplace. Because workers were not allowed to interact with each other, the time spent out of work was used as time to socialize with others.

The people of the world had a strong demand for up and coming products, so factories needed a new method for coming about creating products. “The Encarta graphic showing Henry Ford’s Assembly Line” (Document 4) shows that in one 8 hour work period, 1 man could put together a single car, whereas 5 men in an assembly line could put together 10 cars in an 8 hour work period. “The Encarta Graphic showing the factory” (Document 3) shows that the production of goods increasing due to the train outside used to transport mass quantities of goods, and the steam coming out of the top

The chapter describes many new implementations of practices in mills, factories, and other workplaces. For example, near the beginning of the chapter, Eli Terry’s clock designs are thoroughly described. Terry is a prime example of how the American industry began to seriously produce technologies without the intricate and expensive hassle of European products. Terry’s clock designs reduced the length of the gear trains inside the clock and moved the gears and pendulum outside the frame, instead of encasing the entire clock like the older, more expensive “tall clock” design. Terry’s clock was easier to make, cheaper to produce, smaller, and much easier to clean and adjust. Chapter three also highlights other people who had similar approaches in changing their industry of expertise, including textiles and mass production. This approach is also described in chapter four, titled “American Arms: Whitney, North, Blanchard, and Hall,” which focuses for the most part on gun making. It describes the process of making a gun so it shoots correctly and accurately, and how this process was

In the era when capitalism was booming workers faced very harsh working conditions and little job security. The workers were the very last ones to benefit from their own work, “the products of capitalism invariably benefit[ed] the ‘wealthy’ first”(DiLorenzo, pg.96). Workers worked long hours sometimes even a 24 hour shift and maybe got a day off every two weeks, with a typical work week of 50-54 hours, where today it is only 40 hours. Due to this era being big on industrialism that meant machines were constantly replacing workers, that is “new machine techniques replacing old human skills

by the 1800 the average workday was 11.4 hours worker became very tired and more likely to get hurt on the job or work accidents mine factory machines had rapidly and there was kids working in there and they were not fit to do that and they would often get hurt. or they would get hurt all the time because of lack of sleep. they would be dozing off and fall and get hurt.

In Western society today, it is easily possible to communicate with people, travel, make purchases, and use those purchases. People can easily buy things that they need at a store, drive a car to work and to visit friends, or pick up a phone or computer to speak to friends. However, none of this would be possible without a means of communication, factories to manufacture the products, places to work, and ways to travel and transport goods. It can easily be seen that the Industrial Revolution is one of the most significant events in the formation of Western Society. During the period from 1780 to 1850 (Sherman and Salisbury 517), there were many technological advances made, and this period is known as the Industrial Revolution. The

     In mid-eighteenth-century England the industrial revolution was in full swing. However, workers lived near the level of physical subsistence, and their condition worsened in latter half of the eighteenth century. Monotony and repetition characterized factory work; the tyranny of the factory clock and the pace of the assembly line were beyond the control of all workers. The division of labor, praised by Adam Smith in The Wealth of Nations as the means to productivity growth and rising living standards, made work so routine that women and children could perform jobs just as easily as men. Business owners logically preferred such workers because they could be hired for less.

This was the time of the Industrial Revolution throughout Europe resulting in the changes in economic and social organization as technology evolved that began in about 1760 in England and later in other countries, characterized primarily by the placement of hand tools with power driven machines, such as the

What are the reasons that hierarchies emerge in organizations? What about the roles and the nature of this emergence? Does this aid in structuring these organizations/work areas? In this essay, I will be relating the description of activities that take place in an early industrial pin factory from Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations to the organizing and structuring of work. The relation will be described done by examining the division and specialization of labour, requirements that lead to the need for coordination, Horizontal and Vertical Differentiation required for coordination and how structure/hierarchy arises and if it is in fact needed.